不同攻角下高超声速二元进气道性能研究

针对高超声速二维混压进气道,以最大总压恢复系数为目标,基于多楔面内收缩段设计原理,利用多楔角方法设计内收缩段长度和出口高度等。通过比较不同攻角下二元进气道总压恢复系数、流场及启动情况等多方面特性,验证了改变攻角对进气道启动特性改善的效果。     

大型亚声速风洞试验段设计的新概念

用一个亚声速引导性风洞的研究数据揭示了常规开口试验段设计中存在的问题及一些解决方法;介绍了国外亚声速风洞开口试验段设计的新概念,使风洞试验段允许的模型堵塞度从10%提高到20%,大幅度降低风洞的建造和运营成本,为国内未来大型亚声速风洞建设的创新设计提供参考.     

A comparison of total reaction cross section models used in particle and heavy ion transport codes

Understanding the interactions and propagations of high energy protons and heavy ions are essential when trying to estimate the biological effects of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) and Solar Particle Events (SPE) on personnel in space. To be able to calculate the shielding properties of different materials and radiation risks, particle and heavy ion transport codes are needed. In all particle and heavy ion transport codes, the probability function that a projectile particle will collide within a certain distance x in the matter depends on the total reaction cross sections, and the calculated partial fragmentation cross sections scale with the total reaction cross sections. It is therefore crucial that accurate total reaction cross section models are used in the transport calculations. In this paper, different models for calculating nucleon–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus total reaction cross sections are compared with each other and with measurements. The uncertainties in the calculations with the different models are discussed, as well as their overall performances with respect to the available experimental data. Finally, a new compilation of experimental data is briefly presented.     

加力燃烧室NOx排放生成规律试验分析

实现航空发动机大推力通常采用加力燃烧室设计,燃烧室进气温度升高会同步导致排放尾气中NO_x浓度提高.采用典型加力燃烧室主稳定器的V型结构试验件,测试加力燃烧前后(进口600 ℃,出口600~1 200 ℃)燃烧室排放断面的NO_x浓度分布,通过相同流场4种试验工况的NO_x生成浓度组分和氧含量变化分析,验证了加力燃烧室NO_x生成以热力型NO为主的"高温、富氧、贫油"燃烧特性.结果表明加力燃烧室燃烧过程中消耗的氧含量大多贡献于CO₂增量,在800~1 000 ℃燃气排放温度范围内,不完全燃烧产物CO对NO的热力生成有明显抑制作用.     

舷外雷达有源诱饵在舰艇反导中的运用研究

阐述了舷外雷达有源诱饵的干扰机理,并对影响干扰效果的诱饵有效雷达截面积理论计算公式进行了推导,从中找出了影响诱饵有效雷达截面积大小的因素,通过对其中诱饵有效辐射功率和诱饵距反舰导弹距离因素的分析,提出了舰艇使用舷外雷达有源诱饵防御反舰导弹时,在发射时机、布放位置和干扰方位上应采取的措施。     

并列双发三维非对称多S弯喷管参数化设计方法

形成了一套基于CFD计算评价的并列双发三维非对称多S弯喷管参数化设计方法,并初步证明了该方法的正确性和可行性.多S弯中心线在Z向偏心度为0时:第一S弯Y向偏心度、长度都最小,第二S弯Y向偏心度、长度都最大,第三S弯Y向偏心度、长度分别介于前两个S弯对应参数之间,各S弯都采用进口缓慢转弯,出口快速转弯的规律,以利于抑制背风侧分离和涡.剖面在各S弯上都采用进口快速收缩缓慢转弯,出口缓慢收缩快速转弯的规律,且宽高比与侧边倾角在进出口变化速率相同,且侧边倾角只分布在第一S弯上,以利于稳定流场和增加隐身性能.合流器采用楔底宽高比约束,其值应不超过0.26.      

基于轮廓搜索的机匣铣削毛坯模型自动构建方法

针对发动机机匣零件铣削毛坯模型构建中,表面凸台回转轮廓获取困难,凸台轮廓之间以及凸台轮廓与回转体轮廓之间组合难处理,毛坯构建效率低且余量分布不均的问题,提出了基于轮廓搜索的机匣铣削毛坯模型自动构建方法。用离散的方法得到复杂形状凸台特征的回转轮廓,将凸台特征与回转体特征的回转轮廓旋转投影到草图平面,结合加工余量、车削刀具尺寸等工艺信息进行毛坯轮廓搜索,进而得到余量分布均匀且符合工艺要求的铣削毛坯。该方法对机匣回转体与表面凸台进行统一轮廓搜索,并充分考虑加工工艺,能处理具有复杂表面凸台的机匣零件,效率高、通用性好;所得毛坯余量分布均匀,减小铣削材料去除量,有助于提高铣削加工效率。     

Response of photosynthetic systems to salinity stress in the desert cyanobacterium Scytonema javanicum

The present study investigated the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Scytonema javanicum, a pioneer species isolated from desert biological crusts, under salinity stress. Pigment analysis showed that salinity decreased chlorophyll a and phycocyanin content, while low salinity increased carotenoid concentration and high salinity decreased carotenoid concentration. Salinity also inhibited CO₂ assimilation rate and photosynthetic oxygen evolution in this cyanobacterium. Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient parameters (φPo, φEo, ψO, RC/ABS, RC/CS, PI_ABS, and PI_CS) were decreased under salt stress, while dVo/dto(Mo), Vj and φDo were increased. The decrease of ETRmax and Yield and the change of chlorophyll a fluorescence transients showed that salt stress had an important influence on photosynthesis. These results indicated that the effects of salinity stress on photosynthesis in S. javanicum may depend on the inhibition of electron transport and the inactivation of the reaction centers, but this inhibition may occur in the electron transport pathway at the PSII donor and acceptor sites.     

三角网格曲面模型快速分层算法

提出一种三角网格曲面模型快速分层算法,该算法基于R*-tree建立三角网格动态空间索引结构,依据索引结构数据结点的分布状况计算各层截平面的位置;采用深度优先遍历方法获取与截平面相交的三角面片集合,并计算该集合中各面片与截平面的交线,将交线首尾相连,生成截面轮廓线,实现三角网格曲面模型的快速分层;实例证明该算法可对各种复杂三角网格曲面模型进行分层,算法准确、稳定,运行效率高.     

苏通长江大桥主梁断面三分力系数的雷诺数效应

以苏通长江大桥为研究背景,研发了一套测压装置,通过测压法对苏通长江大桥施工状态主梁断面三分力系数进行了现场实测研究,并把现场实测所得结果与风洞试验结果进行了对比,研究了雷诺数对三分力系数的影响。结果表明：雷诺数对阻力系数影响较大,现场实测值比风洞试验所得值小约15％,对升力系数及力矩系数影响较小。因此,针对特大桥梁,在利用风洞实验获取三分力系数时应尽量使雷诺数接近实际情况,否则结果可能偏于保守。