耦合位置误差的机载惯性/星光组合算法研究

针对星敏测量输出的是惯性系下姿态信息,无法直接应用于实际的机载地理系下姿态组合导航,提出了地理系下耦合位置误差的机载惯性/星光组合滤波算法。该算法分析了
惯性姿态到地理系姿态之间的相互转换关系,在建立的地理系下姿态线性化量测方程基础上,通过引入导航位置误差转换矩阵,建立了星敏测量的惯性姿态到惯性导航计算输出的地理系姿态之间的耦合误差模型;同时针对姿态观测时高度通道不可观的特点,增加了气压高度输出为系统的观测量;实现了基于星敏测量的惯性系下姿态对地理系下惯性导航误差的直接修正。姿态耦合误差仿真结果表明该组合导航算法设计成功可行,为星敏在机载环境下的组合导航应用提供了新的思路。
     

Precession–nutation correction for star tracker attitude measurement of STECE satellite

Space Technology Experiment and Climate Exploration(STECE) is a small satellite mission of China for space technology experiment and climate exploration. A new test star tracker and one ASTRO 10 star tracker have been loaded on the STECE satellite to test the new star tracker's measurement performance. However,there is no autonomous precession–nutation correction function for the test star tracker,which causes an apparent periodic deflection in the inter-boresight angle between the two star trackers with respect to each other of up to ±500 arcsec,so the precession and nutation effect needs to be considered while assessing the test star tracker. This paper researches on the precession–nutation correction for the test star tracker's attitude measurement and presents a precession–nutation correction method based on attitude quaternion data. The periodic deflection of the inter-boresight angle between the two star trackers has been greatly eliminated after the precession and nutation of the test star tracker's attitude data have been corrected by the proposed method and the validity of the proposed algorithm has been demonstrated. The in-flight accuracy of the test star tracker has been assessed like attitude noise and low-frequency errors after the precession–nutation correction.     

Precision analysis of autonomous orbit determination using star sensor for Beidou MEO satellite

This paper focuses on the autonomous orbit determination accuracy of Beidou MEO satellite using the onboard observations of the star sensors and infrared horizon sensor. A polynomial fitting method is proposed to calibrate the periodic error in the observation of the infrared horizon sensor, which will greatly influence the accuracy of autonomous orbit determination. Test results show that the periodic error can be eliminated using the polynomial fitting method. The User Range Error (URE) of Beidou MEO satellite is less than 2?km using the observations of the star sensors and infrared horizon sensor for autonomous orbit determination. The error of the Right Ascension of Ascending Node (RAAN) is less than 60?$\mathrm{\mu }\text{rad}$ and the observations of star sensors can be used as a spatial basis for Beidou MEO navigation constellation.     

空天飞行器星敏感器安装误差在线标定方法

空天飞行器高动态、长航时的运动特性可能导致一体化安装的惯性/天文组合导航系统中星敏感器与惯导间产生安装误差角。设计了一种星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方法,建立了星敏感器安装误差角模型,设计了基于天文角度观测的星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方案,分析了不同机动飞行方式下星敏感器安装误差角的可观测度。仿真结果表明,所设计的基于卡尔曼滤波的动态辨识方法能够在飞行器机动过程中快速地对星敏感器安装误差角进行在线标定,对安装误差角的标定值可以达到实际误差值的85%以上,有效地提高了组合导航系统的精度。