电子束辐照下铝合金靶中热击波传播规律研究

文章研究了电子束辐照下铝合金靶中热击波的传播与衰减规律。首先给出了基于半径回归法的铝合金本构模型,并给出了将其应用于数值模拟的计算流程。然后,利用该模型以及自主编写的计算软件DRAM1D,模拟了脉冲电子束辐照铝合金的热击波效应。将计算结果与采用理想弹塑性本构模型得到的结果以及实验结果进行了比较,结果表明,相比于理想弹塑性本构模型,基于半径回归法的铝合金本构模型所得到的热击波衰减相对较快,与电子束辐照铝合金的实验结果符合较好,更适合于描述铝合金靶材中的热击波传播。     

Strong interactions of incident shock wave with boundary layer along compression corner

The coherent structure and instability of the interaction of incident shock wave with boundary layer developing on a compression corner are experimentally studied. The experiments are carried out in a supersonic wind tunnel of Mach number 2. Particular attention is paid to shock patterns and unsteady shock motions induced by the separation bubble. The high-speed schlieren is used to visualize the flowfield evolution and to characterize the instability. The snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition of schlieren sequences is applied to investigate the primary coherent structure in the flowfield. Fast Fourier transform and continuous wavelet transformation are applied to characterize the instability. The results show that there are large-scale low-frequency oscillations of the shock waves and small-scale high-frequency pulsations in the separation region. The peak frequency of shock oscillation is mainly concentrated in the range of 100–1000 Hz. The pulsation of the small flow structure in the separation bubble is mainly concentrated above 12.5 kHz. Based on the results of experimental analysis, the preliminary mechanism of the large-scale instability of such interaction is obtained.     

Standing window of oblique detonation with pathological behaviour

Standing of an Oblique Detonation Wave (ODW) on a wedge within combustor is the prerequisite of thrust generation for ODW engine which is regarded as a novel and conceptual propulsion device with hypersonic flight Mach number. Usually a standing window of ODW is defined as the wedge angle ranged from the ODW detached angle from wedge (upper limit) to the angle that a Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) detonation occurs (lower limit). For pathological detonation cases, however, the CJ detonation cannot be achieved, and thus the lower limit of the standing window of ODW should be revisited. In present study, two types of reactions in hypersonic incoming flow that include the behavior of pathological detonation, that is, the single-step irreversible reaction with mole variation and the two-step irreversible reactions with exothermic process followed by endothermic process, have been used for studying standing behavior of ODW. The steady detonation polar analysis of ODW is carried out for both reaction systems. The results reveal that the reaction with more mole decrement and the reactions with stronger endothermic process show the pathological detonation feature and therefore modify the lower limit of standing window of ODW. Three equivalent parameters are proposed to quantitatively measure the standing window range of ODW from points of view of thermodynamics, Mach number of incoming flow and heat effect of reactions. It is found that the standing window of ODW is determined by the specific heat ratio, the overdrive degree of detonation and the endothermic level of the hypersonic incoming flow, regardless of whether the detonation is pathological or not.     

On the occurrence and strength of multi-frequency multi-GNSS Ionospheric Scintillations in Indian sector during declining phase of solar cycle 24

This study presents unique perspectives of occurrence and strength of low latitude ionospheric scintillations on multiple signals of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and its frequency dependence using continuous observation records of 780 nights. A robust comparative analysis is performed using scintillation index, S4 and its variation during pre-midnight and post-midnight duration from a GNSS receiver located at Waltair (17.7°N, 83.3°E), India, covering period from July 2014 to August 2016. The results, generally exhibit the impact of declining phase of solar cycle 24 on occurrence and strength of scintillations, which, however, is evidently different over different frequencies transmitted from different GNSS systems. A deeper quantitative analysis uniquely reveals that apart from the solar cycle and seasonal effects, the number of visible satellites of a selected GNSS markedly affect the occurrence and also the strength. Processing scheme of adopting 6 hourly time windows of pre-midnight and post-midnight brought a novel result that the strength and occurrence of strong scintillations decrease with declining solar activity during pre-midnight hours but remarkably increase for moderate and weak scintillations during post-midnight. The physical processes that dominate the post-midnight equatorial ionosphere are invoked to explain such variations that are special during declining solar activity. Finally, inter-GNSS signal analysis in terms of the effect of strong, moderate and weak scintillations is presented with due consideration of number of satellite passes affected and frequency dependence of mean S4. The quantitative results of this study emphasize for the first time effect of low latitude scintillation on GNSS signals in Indian zone under changing background solar and seasonal conditions.     

RANS/LES在超声速突起物绕流中的应用研究

安装在超声速/高超声速飞行器表面的突起物如机翼、控制舵等通常会导致复杂的激波/边界层干扰,对突起物的局部气动特性甚至飞行器整体的气动特性产生较大的扰动.在采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟此类问题时,传统的求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程方法由于不能准确预测湍流脉动流场并且精度有限,在应用上受到一定的限制.本文在研究B-L (Baldwin-Lomax)内层模型和Smagorinsky亚格子模型优缺点的基础上,提出了一种新型的RANS/LES(Large Eddy Simulation)混合模型,并进行了算例验证,证实了该方法的可行性.在此基础上,对火箭表面突起物的干扰流场进行了数值模拟研究,细致地刻画了突起物附近的激波/边界层干扰、剪切层失稳和底部分离涡形成的非定常过程,获得了突起物及火箭表面上的压力脉动历程并进行了频谱分析.研究发现,相对于突起物底部的非定常分离流动,突起物前缘的激波和边界层相互干扰的非定常过程是突起物周围压力脉动的主导因素,这种高频的压力脉动可能对火箭内设备的正常工作产生不利的影响.     

基于超声波测距汽车倒车防撞雷达研究

通过声音或更直观的显示告知驾驶员周围障碍物的位置情况,帮助驾驶员扫除视野的死角和视线模糊的缺陷。介绍了一种低成本、高精度、微型化,并有数字显示和声光报警功能的倒车雷达,该倒车雷达根据超声波测距原理研制,采用温度补偿技术、开机自检技术和优化的软硬件技术,将测得的结果送至数码管显示,进行三级声光报警。使驾驶员做到心里有数,提高了泊车和倒车时的安全和效率。     

基于CBR的民用飞机维修决策系统研究

基于CBR的智能维修决策技术,可以为新型国产飞机维修大纲制订人员提供有用的决策信息,提高制定飞机维修大纲的智能化水平和效率。研究的核心问题就是基于CBR的维修任务和维修间隔制订方法,它们为维修决策支持系统提供理论指导与核心算法。最后开发了基于CBR、以SQL Server作为后台数据库管理系统的民用飞机维修决策系统,并以新舟600（MA600）飞机ATA32起落架系统组件为实例进行验证,效果良好。     

Oblique sounding of the ionosphere by powerful wave beams

The article is devoted to modeling the impact on the ionosphere powerful obliquely incident wave beam. The basis of this analysis will be orbital variational principle for the intense wave beams-generalization of Fermat’s principle to the case of a nonlinear medium (, ,  and ). Under the influence of a powerful wave beam appears manageable the additional stratification of the ionospheric layer F2. Explicit expressions show how the properties of the test beam, with a shifted frequency, released in the same direction as the beam depend on the intensity of a powerful beam and the frequency shift.     

Signatures of the Sudden Stratospheric Warming events of January–February 2008 in Seoul,S. Korea

The period January–February 2008 was characterized by four Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSWs) in the Northern Hemisphere, of which the last warming, at the end of February 2008, was a major warming. A significant decrease in mesospheric water vapour (H₂O) of more than 2 ppmv (∼40%) was observed by the ground-based microwave (GBMW) radiometer in Seoul, S. Korea [37.3°N, 126.3°E] during the major SSW. A comparison with ground-based mesospheric H₂O observations from the mid-latitude station in Bern [46.9°N, 7°E] revealed an anticorrelation in the mesospheric H₂O data during the major SSW. In addition, prior to the major warming, strong periodic fluctuations were recorded in the Aura MLS vertical temperature distribution between 15 and 0.05 hPa at Seoul. The mesospheric temperature oscillation was found to have a period of ∼10–14 days with a persistency of 3–4 cycles.