PBT固体推进剂低温力学性能研究

为考察PBT固体推进剂低温力学性能，采用单轴拉伸实验方法研究了固化参数、交联参数、固化时间三种因素对PBT固体推进剂-40℃下力学性能的影响。玻璃化温度测试结果表明，全部样品玻璃化温度处于-51.3～-53.6℃，推进剂在-40℃下处于高弹态；单轴拉伸测试结果表明：PBT固体推进剂在低温状态下硬度、抗拉强度与固化参数、交联参数、固化时间呈正相关，伸长率与固化参数、交联参数、固化时间呈负相关。低温力学性能受固化参数、交联参数影响显著性低于常温力学性能；低温下固化参数在1.00～1.05内与伸长率呈现一定线性关系。     

极区横向地理系空间稳定型惯导算法研究

针对地心惯性系和当地地理系的空间稳定型惯导系统导航算法在极区导航失效的问题,提出了适用于空间稳定型惯导系统的极区导航算法。该算法通过伪经纬网构建了横坐标系参考框架,建立了横向地理系空间稳定型惯导系统力学编排,并在此基础上重新推导了通用的误差模型。最后,通过极点附近区域与穿越极点区域仿真分析了算法的极区有效性。仿真结果表明该算法在极点附近区域解算的伪航向角误差小于3′,伪经度误差小于4′;在穿越极点区域解算的伪纵摇角、伪横摇角误差小于0.3′,伪航向角误差小于3′,伪东向、伪北向速度误差小于1m/s,伪经度、伪纬度误差小于4.2′。该算法克服了极区导航计算溢出、误差放大等问题,提高了系统的极区导航精度,能够满足极区导航要求。     

Promotional effect of silica on the combustion of nano-sized aluminum powder in carbon dioxide

This paper presents how the combustion performance of nano-sized aluminum(nAl)powder in carbon dioxide are affected by silica. The ignition and combustion performance of nAl powder with silica addition were studied by a high-temperature tube furnace. An s-type thermocouple and a high-speed motion acquisition instrument were performed to evaluate the ignition temperature, maximum combustion temperature, maximum change of rate of temperature, and combustion propagation speed. The combustion effici...     

Research progress of space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation technology (SNLT): A review

Space missions have become diversified in recent years, where connection and separation devices play a crucial role as key components of various spacecraft. Traditional pyrotechnic devices have the advantages of large carrying capacity, rapid motion and functional reliability. However, their shortcomings such as great release shock, poor safety, unrepeatability and other prominent defects make them unsuitable for new generation spacecraft such as microsatellites to separate at low shock or lock repeatedly, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to develop space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation devices (SNLD) which are required for advanced aerospace missions. In this paper, the progress of the research on space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation technology (SNLT) is summarized and reviewed. Proceed from the principle of reducing shock for non-pyrotechnic devices, present studies are classified from the perspective of actuating technology and systematic designing methods. For non-pyrotechnic actuating techniques, according to different driving sources, the separation devices are classified into several main categories: electric, magnetic, gas and thermal actuating devices. The actuation principle and application prospect of separation techniques are introduced and the working process, dimension and mechanical properties of typical devices are compared and evaluated. For the systematic designing method, the common mechanism types of SNLDs are summarized according to the designing concept of reducing shock. Then connection configurations are classified according to the structural forms of connection devices, of which the principles, bearing capacities and general applications are discussed. This paper systematically summarizes the key problems, puts forward the future development trend of SNLT, and points out the breakthrough direction for related scholars.     

Vector deflection stability control of aero-engine based on linear active disturbance rejection

Aimed at the problem of instability in engine control caused by vector deflection in experiment of turbofan engines with Axisymmetric Vectoring Exhaust Nozzle (AVEN), a vector deflection stability control method of aero-engine based on Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) is proposed. Firstly, based on CFD numerical simulation, aerodynamic performance model of AVEN is established, and the aerodynamic load change rule of the nozzle throat area actuator during vector deflection is revealed. Subsequently, the integrated model of AVEN/turbofan engine is established by Simulink/AMESim co-simulation. Finally, the nozzle throat area control loop based on LADRC is designed. The simulation results show that the integrated model can reflect the influence of vector deflection on the stability of the control system. The accuracy comparison between the fan rotor speed and the test data during vector deflection is larger than 1%, indicating a high degree of confidence. Compared with the conventional PID control, the designed LADRC control loop reduces the speed of the low-pressure rotor during vector deflection by 70%, which effectively improves the control stability of the vector deflection. Meanwhile, the fuel flow ratechange during the vector deflection process is smaller and more economical, which provides an important reference for engineering applications.     

丁腈橡胶密封圈液压油中的老化机理

通过模拟实际工作状况对丁腈橡胶密封圈进行了热油加速老化试验,研究了密封圈压缩永久变 形的变化规律,采用红外光谱、热失重、示差扫描量热、扫描电子显微镜等,考察了丁腈橡胶密封圈在液压油中 化学结构、热性能、断口形貌的变化情况。试验结果表明,随着老化试验的进行,密封圈压缩性能逐渐下降,热 分解温度与玻璃化转变温度均有所提高,分析在应力作用下密封圈的分子链段发生取向,约束了分子链的各种 松弛行为,是老化过程密封圈压缩性能下降,热性能提高的主要因素。另外老化后橡胶断口形貌趋于光滑且出 现孔洞,红外光谱显示添加成分含量降低,密封圈与液压油之间存在物质交换,物质交换也是造成密封圈压缩 性能下降的另一个因素。     

蜂窝增强低密度硅基烧蚀防热材料性能

高速再入飞行器通常采用烧蚀防热材料作为外表面大面积的热防护材料。本文对两种蜂窝增强低密度硅基烧蚀防热材料的力学性能、热物理性能和烧蚀性能进行了测试,并结合试验结果对烧蚀机理进行了研究分析。结果表明,材料的密度越高、拉伸强度就越高,但拉伸模量相近;两种材料的隔热性能参数都较低。两种材料在不同热流密度条件下的电弧风洞烧蚀后退速率都较低,在部分烧蚀条件下有轻微膨胀。两种材料的烧蚀背温都较低,烧蚀表面形貌良好,能满足设计指标要求,是一种适用范围较广的烧蚀防热材料。     

扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准影响分析及优化方法

针对扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准精度影响较大的问题，通过分析惯性体坐标系下重力加速度积分矢量的物理含义，给出了受扰动线运动影响的惯性系粗对准的误差分析。并在此基础上提出了基于位移积分矢量构造定姿矢量矩阵的抗扰动粗对准算法，利用对速度积分矢量进一步积分得到的3个时间点的位移积分矢量构建姿态解算矩阵，抑制扰动线运动对粗对准精度的影响。仿真结果表明，该算法可有效减小扰动线运动影响下的对准结果振动幅值，能够快速收敛到满足精对准使用的精度范围，从而提高武器装备环境适应性。     

基于自抗扰的无人机俯仰姿态控制

针对无人机俯仰姿态控制回路在模型参数和复杂外界环境等不确定性干扰影响下鲁棒性差、系统响应速度慢的问题,采用工程上易实现的自抗扰控制(ADRC)方法设计了俯仰姿态控制器,通过构造线性扩张状态观测器(LESO)估计不确定性干扰,并在控制回路中对干扰进行实时补偿.性能分析与仿真结果表明,基于ADRC的无人机俯仰姿态控制器具有良好的性能和干扰抑制能力,并且能够实现对控制指令的精确跟踪.