圆球绕流场的尾涡分析和升阻力研究

采用自编的分块算法程序模拟了雷诺数在20～1000之间的圆球绕流场.在Re=25时捕捉到流动分离,与试验结果一致.对Re=250时稳态非对称尾流区内流体的输运情况进行研究,证实圆球绕流场中纵向对称面的存在.对于非稳态流动,主要研究了阻力和横向力的时间变化规律,并分析了频谱特征.计算发现横向合力主要在横截面上两个很窄的区间内偏移.经过几种不同涡定义方法的优劣测试,本文采用Hunt等人介绍的Q-定义方法对非稳态绕流场的尾涡结构进行了直观描述.     

含噪信号经验模式分解虚假分量识别方法

针对含噪信号Hilbert-Huang变换存在虚假分量,提出改进的奇异值分解(SVD)方法进行降噪,改进包含两个部分:一是利用重构相空间代替传统矩阵如Hankel矩阵,以去掉信号冗余,再者提出奇异值能量熵分量差分法,更易于定出重构奇异值阶次;二是提出了频谱比值法对虚假分量进行辨识,更有效辨识出虚假分量.首先利用经验模式分解(EMD)得到本征模式分量(IMF),识别并剔除趋势项,重构信号,然后进行SVD,重构降噪后的信号,消除虚假分量,最后进行时频分析.联合方法应用于含噪仿真信号,信噪比(signal noise ratio,SNR)提高了5.5%,虚假分量辨识率提高至100%,用于双跨转子故障振动信号,得到正确的时频结果,表明了所提方法识别含噪信号虚假分量的有效性.     

Rigidity spectrum of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity in different epochs of solar activity

We study the temporal evolution of the power rigidity spectrum of the first (27 days) and the second (14 days) harmonics of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity measured by neutron monitors in the period of 1965–2002. The rigidity spectrum of these variations can be approximated by a power law. We show the rigidity spectra of the first and the second harmonics of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity have similar time profiles. These spectra are hard (γ ≈ 0.5 ± 0.1) and soft (γ ≈ 1.1 ± 0.2) during solar maximum and minimum activity, respectively. We ascribe this to the alternation of the sizes of the modulation regions responsible for the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity in different epochs of solar activity. Especially, the average radial sizes of the modulation regions of the 27-day variation and the heliolatitudinal extension of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry are smaller during solar minimum than during solar maximum. We show also, that the temporal changes of the power rigidity spectra of the first and the second harmonics of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity are in a negative correlation with the changes of the rigidity spectrum of the corresponding 11-year variation.     

直扩测控系统抗多址能力分析与验证

为了防止多址干扰造成接收机出现误捕和假锁,改善直接序列扩频测控系统抗多址干扰性能,在Gold码特性和扩频接收机性能分析的基础上,结合最大似然原理,对采用扩频体制测控系统的抗干扰能力进行了分析。为契合工程应用,采用仿真遍历结合理论分析的方式,对Gold码的互相关抑制能力理论值进行了工程修正。在分析捕获阶段的抗干扰捕获门限后,还分析了载噪比估计结果在正常锁定和假锁两种状态下的差异,给出了接收机对假锁状态的判决方法和门限。根据分析和仿真的结果,给出了系统设计约束条件和优化的接收机设计流程,作为测控系统和接收机设计的参考。     

Doppler characteristics of HF spread Doppler clutter recorded at Alice Springs,Australia

Mean night-time peak power, Doppler shift and Doppler width of spread Doppler clutter (SDC) received by a high frequency backscatter radar located at Alice Springs, Australia from 2000 to 2018 is presented as a function of azimuth, sunspot number, time of year and frequency. The sampled region covers 90 degrees from West to North and includes the northern and southern equatorial anomalies.SDC peak power diminished across all azimuths during the winter solstice from around May to August (local winter) coinciding with the global decrease in F layer density due to the annual non-seasonal F2 anomaly but was generally constant during the equinoxes. In contrast, SDC Doppler width and inbound Doppler shift both increased during the equinoxes and exhibited azimuthal dependence related to the eastward equatorial plasma drift.SDC peak power increased with increasing sunspot number with frequency dependence during winter but not summer. Inbound Doppler shift and Doppler width increased with increasing sunspot number during equinox but not solstice with a strong dependence on azimuth and a weak dependence on frequency.     

一种冲击响应谱试验设备校准装置的研制

介绍了冲击响应谱基本概念及其试验设备的分类与工作原理，参考现行冲击试验台检定规程提出了针对该设备的校准方法，设计了一种基于虚拟仪器技术的新型冲击响应谱试验设备校准装置，给出了典型冲击波形（半正弦、矩形、后峰锯齿）的冲击响应谱仿真计算结果并进行了验证，计算结果与理论结果完全一致，证明算法准确可靠，能够实现对冲击响应谱试验设备的校准。     

过滤式阴极电弧沉积类金刚石薄膜的特性分析

利用自行研制的过滤式阴极电弧沉积装置,在硅片和高速钢基体材料上获得了类金刚石薄膜,分别采用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、喇曼光谱以及磨损实验等手段对薄膜进行了分析研究。结果表明,所获得的类金刚石薄膜为非晶态,sp3含量最高达70%;基体材料对成膜质量影响较大,在硅片上薄膜的摩擦系数可达0.08;同时偏压的变化会引起喇曼谱线中D峰和G峰位置向低频移动,半高宽σG增大、σD减小。     

航空发动机设计任务循环的选取

由某型发动机的未来使用任务推导了其设计飞行任务剖面和飞行任务混频,然后根据该发动机的高度－速度特性得出了其转速剖面。在该转速剖面下对发动机的压气机盘进行了应力和疲劳寿命计算,由计算结果得出该发动机设计任务循环的选取范围,认为：航空发动机的设计任务循环除0－最大－0、慢车－最大－慢车和巡航－最大－巡航3类循环以外,还应当包括对发动机构件疲劳寿命有较大影响的其它载荷循环,否则将造成设计载荷估计精度大大降低。     

Plane wave spectrum and boresight error of radome-enclosed antennas

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太阳耀斑硬X射线能谱演变特征

太阳硬X射线是耀斑高能电子束流与太阳大气相互作用产生的韧致辐射,根据简单的太阳耀斑环物理模型,假定具有流量与能谱同步变化的高能电子束流从耀斑环顶部注入,计算了硬X射线辐射在不同的靶物质密度区的能谱演变特征。结果表明:硬X射线辐射在低大气密度靶区呈现软一硬一硬的能谱演变特征,在高密度靶区硬X射线能谱则具有软一硬一软的变化特征。高能电子束流持续时间影响谱型转变区域在耀斑环中的高度。