高职院校教育信息化建设存在的问题及对策

教育信息化已成为深化高等教育教学改革,提高人才培养质量,建立办事高效、运转协调、行为规范的教育管理体制的重要手段.通过对推进高职院校信息化建设的相关问题进行了探讨,并提出了构建机制、加强资源建设和利用、重视信息化人才培养等建议和对策.     

利用GPS实现高轨卫星定位的抗远近效应算法

针对GPS应用于高轨卫星定位面临的远近效应问题, 提出利用正交相关的联合极大似然估计算法来对GPS信号进行二维搜索, 可以得到正确的码延时及多普勒估计. 极大似然估计算法首先利用滑行相关法对仿真信号中的强信号进行搜索, 得到强信号模型, 然后利用正交相关去掉强信号, 最终实现对弱信号的正确捕获. 本文对高轨卫星接收到的GPS信号进行了功率分析, 并建立了信号模型, 进行了算法仿真. 结果表明, 这种估计算法能够提高二维搜索性能, 有效解决远近效应问题.      

卫星反作用飞轮总线化驱动及可重构性

通过研究卫星反作用飞轮的总线化伺服驱动及其系统重构问题,构建了可靠的无刷直流电动机功率驱动主回路,研制了可以采样三相绕组电流的磁感应式传感器及泵生电压自动抑制电路。对普通的M/T测速算法进行了改进,并仅以两组相互备份的六个位置传感器完成了数字转速测量和换相控制。规划了现场总线协议,设计了总线式的全数字化飞轮力矩/速度双模式伺服驱动器的知识产权内核及系统级专用芯片,构造了冗余型可重构控制器,提出了多种重构方案以及相应的实现算法。在现场可编程门阵列工艺中最终实现了飞轮的片上伺服系统;测试结果表明,该系统在整个四象限区域内均具有良好的动态和静态运行性能。     

Web开放平台安全体系的研究与设计

Web开放平台是Web2.0时代的发展产物,它能提供更多的可能性,具有更强的渗透能力,随之也面临着更多的安全问题。本文分析了开放平台原理,设计了开放平台安全通信流程;通过研究开放带来的一系列安全问题,明确了开放平台安全的设计方案;并且从平台整体安全的角度完成了安全体系的设计,保证了系统网络间相互连接关系的清晰合理。Web开放平台安全体系的研究和设计能够为互联网安全、以及开发人员提供有力的帮助。     

Variation of ionospheric total electron content in Indian low latitude region of the equatorial anomaly during May 2007–April 2008

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC), derived by analyzing dual frequency signals from the Global Positioning System (GPS) recorded near the Indian equatorial anomaly region, Varanasi (geomagnetic latitude 14°, 55′N, geomagnetic longitude 154°E) is studied. Specifically, we studied monthly, seasonal and annual variations as well as solar and geomagnetic effects on the equatorial ionospheric anomaly (EIA) during the solar minimum period from May 2007 to April 2008. It is found that the daily maximum TEC near equatorial anomaly crest yield their maximum values during the equinox months and their minimum values during the summer. Using monthly averaged peak magnitude of TEC, a clear semiannual variation is seen with two maxima occurring in both spring and autumn. Statistical studies indicate that the variation of EIA crest in TEC is poorly correlated with Dst-index (r = −0.03) but correlated well with Kp-index (r = 0.82). The EIA crest in TEC is found to be more developed around 12:30 LT.     

An inversion approach for lunar regolith layer thickness using optical albedo data and microwave emission simulation

An approach to inversion of the lunar regolith layer thickness by using multi-channel brightness temperature observation in passive microwave remote sensing is developed. To first make simulation of brightness temperature from the lunar layered media, the lunar regolith layer thickness (d) is proposed being constructed by available lunar DEM (digital elevation mapping) and on site measurements. The physical temperature distribution (T) over the lunar surface is also empirically assumed as a monotonic function of the latitude. Optical albedo of the lunar nearside from the telescopic observation is employed to construct the spatial distribution of the FeO+TiO₂ content (S) in the lunar regolith layer. A statistic relationship between the DEM and S of the lunar nearside is further extended to construction of S of the lunar farside. Thus, the dielectric permittivity (ε) of global lunar regolith layer can then be determined. Based on all these conditions (d,T,ε), brightness temperature of the lunar regolith layer in passive microwave remote sensing, which is planned for China's Chang-E lunar project, is numerically simulated by a parallel layering model using the strong fluctuation theory of random media.Then, taking these simulations with random noise as observations, an inversion method of the lunar regolith layer thickness is developed by using three- or two-channels brightness temperatures. When the S is low, and the four channels brightness temperatures in China's Chang-E project are well distinguishable, the regolith layer thickness and physical temperature of the underlying lunar rock media can be inverted by the three-channels approach. When the S becomes high that the brightness temperature at high frequency channels such as 19.35, 37 GHz are saturated, the regolith layer thickness is alternatively inverted only by the two-channels approach.Numerical simulation and inversion approach in this paper make an evaluation of the performance for lunar passive microwave remote sensing, and for future data calibration and validation.     

基于刃边法的航天光学遥感器在轨MTF测试研究

调制传递函数（MTF,Modulation Transfer Function）在轨测试是监测航天光学遥感器在轨运行性能的重要指标。准确把握遥感成像系统MTF在运行过程中的变化,关系到遥感数据资源的合理及有效利用。文章对刃边法测试MTF的原理及仿真算法进行了阐述,重点对刃边倾角、辐射定标和刃边图像的对比度对MTF测试精度的影响进行了仿真分析。     

挠性卫星自适应姿态跟踪控制

具有较强变轨或姿态机动能力的卫星,在轨运行过程中其质量特性随着液体燃料的消耗而不断变化,卫星的惯量特性也随之变化,使卫星质量参数呈现不确知的特性。如何在惯量矩阵未知情况下实现挠性卫星的姿态跟踪控制是研究的重点。考虑目标姿态角速度可以时变的一般情形,设计了基于误差四元数的自适应姿态跟踪控制律,给出了稳定性证明。数学仿真结果表明该控制律能够在卫星转动惯量未知情况下,保证卫星本体姿态和跟踪目标姿态。     

航天技术综合效益模型探讨

航天飞行器综合效益模型是在运用系统思想和投资——消耗理论基础上建立起来的动态模型,包括一般效益模型和优化效益模型。通过系统分析,对卫星、平台和空间站的实用,可获得综合效益值,并用工程估算法校核计算,证明效益动态模型的定量计算可行而且可信,对效益分析计算,具有一定的普遍意义。它又指明:为获取较高的航天技术的效益,不仅需要大量投资,而且要讲究投资策略;在整个投资周期内坚持饱和水准M 可变是提高效益的一条好途径,也是今后要加强研究的重要课题。     

星—地路径雨致衰减特性及其对卫星系统设计的可能影响

本文综述了影响星—地路径雨致衰减的主要因素。并利用在北京获得的实测数据,对北京地区星—地雨致衰减的特点进行了分析。此外,还对卫星定点位置的选择和北京上行站选址提出了建议。