Effects of Communication Methods on Communication Patterns and Performance in a Remote Spatial Orientation Task

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to examine the impact of communication methods (text-only, audio-only, and audio-plus-video) on communication patterns and effectiveness in a 2-person remote spatial orientation task. The task required a pair of participants to figure out the cardinal direction of a target object by communicating spatial information and perspectives. Results showed that overall effectiveness in the audio-only condition was better than the text-only and audio-plus-video conditions, and communication patterns were more predictive of errors than individual differences in spatial abilities. Discourse analysis showed that participants in the audio-plus-video condition performed less mental transformation of spatial information when communicating, which led to more interpretation errors by the listener. Participants in the text-only conditions performed less confirmation and made more errors by misreading their own display. Results suggested that speakers in the audio-plus-video condition minimized effort by communicating spatial information based on their own perspective but speakers in the audio-only and text-only conditions would more likely communicate transformed spatial information. Analysis of gestures in the audio-plus-video condition confirmed that iconic gestures tended to co-occur with spatial transformation. Iconic gesture rates were negatively correlated with transformation errors, indicating that iconic gestures more likely co-occurred with successful communication of spatial transformation. Results show that when visual interactive feedback is available, speakers tend to adopt egocentric spatial perspectives to minimize effort in mental transformation and rely on the feedback to ensure that the hearer correctly interprets the information. When visual interactive feedback is not available, speakers will put more effort in transforming spatial information to help the hearer to understand the information. The current result demonstrated that allowing two persons to see and communicate with each other during a remote spatial reasoning task can lead to more errors because of the use of a suboptimal communication strategy.     

CCSDS高级在轨系统复接业务性能的分析

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扩频与时间扩展随机多址的同一性分析

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载人登月返回再入有关问题初步研究

载人登月返回再入涉及到三体问题,且与近地轨道返回再入相比速度更大.因此再入方式的选择和再入弹道的设计涉及到飞行器的方案和再入返回的安全.通过对不同返回再入方式的对比分析,认为跳跃式再入是优选方案.再入点选择、再入过载、升阻比、再入航程、再入轨道倾角都是返回再入方案设计中需要考虑的问题,需结合工程实际进行深化论证,文章提...     

基于1553B总线某型导弹测试系统设计

阐述了采用NI Technology公司的PXI总线协议接口主机箱PCI一8196和Excalibur公司的EXC一1553PCI／MCH板卡,实现基于1553B总线某型导弹的总体测试设计方案。较为全面地分析了航空总线1553B的特点、体系结构、总线特性和协议,具体阐述了基于1553B总线某型导弹测控平台的设计思想、系统结构、关键设计流程和软件编制流程。系统的研制成功,降低了研制成本,满足了某型导弹的实验测试需求,也为后续型号相关测试设备的研制提供了很好的基础。     

大气湍流对APD直接检测接收机抗噪声性能影响

针对以往分析湍流信道对系统抗噪声性能影响的不足,给出了一种基于APD直接检测接收机的湍流噪声的处理方法.在APD直接检测接收机模型的基础上,推导了其信噪比和曼彻斯特编码系统的差错概率,并详细分析了湍流对接收机的抗噪声性能影响.结果表明,增大接收天线孔径可以减弱湍流的影响,但在天线孔径较小时,增加发射功率并不能有效地提高...     

Two degree-of-freedom spacecraft attitude controller

Two degree-of-freedom controller is designed together with its governing equations for a spacecraft pitch attitude control. The attitude controller incorporates the Active Force Control (AFC) technique into the conventional Proportional-Derivative (PD) controller based spacecraft pitch attitude loop. The PD-AFC attitude controller is then employed to enhance the attitude pointing of the Combined Energy and Attitude Control System (CEACS). Numerical treatments are performed to validate the effectiveness of AFC, whereby the CEACS attitude performance is analysed from its accuracy point of view. The results show that the PD-AFC attitude control performance is superiorly better than that of the solely conventional PD type.     

Economic effect of satellite communications based on the Great East Japan Earthquake

On 11 March 2011, an undersea earthquake of magnitude 9.0, the largest ever recorded in Japan, occurred off the Oshika Peninsula on the Pacific coast of the Tohoku region. The hypocentral region extended for 500 km in the north–south direction from Iwate Prefecture to Ibaraki Prefecture, and for 200 km in east–west direction. The earthquake generated a tsunami with a height of more than 10 m and a run-up height of up to 40.0 m in certain places, which inflicted devastating damage on the coastal areas of the Tohoku and Kanto regions. In addition to the tsunami, the earthquake caused shaking, liquefaction, subsidence, and the collapse of dams, causing major damage to vast areas in the Tohoku and Kanto regions and disrupting various types of infrastructure, including communication. In light of this unprecedented damage, satellite communications were important from various perspectives while terrestrial communications systems were damaged, and an objective evaluation of the role played by satellite communications is relevant to its future installation, adoption and use as a standalone or backup system. Furthermore, satellite communications can help reduce the extent of damage, particularly damage to communications systems, inflicted by strong earthquakes in the future. Accordingly, we report a preliminary quantitative evaluation of the role of satellite communications in the Great East Japan Earthquake, of the role of satellite communications if it becomes widespread, and of its expected role in future large-scale earthquakes in terms of the economic effect converted into cost.     

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基于PLC的污水处理系统研究

应用COD、BOD在线检测仪、SS测量仪等国外先进的专用检测仪器实时采集各种生物化学指标和物理指标,采集的数据通过PLC运算后,控制执行机构的动作,利用偏差控制算法实现参数的闭环控制,保证系统要求的工艺参数,将曝气滤池法从实验室推向市场。