空间目标碰撞概率的显式表达式及影响因素分析

在圆轨道情况下推导了空间目标碰撞概率的显式表达式,将碰撞概率表示为空间目标交会几何条件(过交线高度差、过交线时间差、轨道夹角等)和RSW坐标系误差方差的显式函数.根据显式表达式对碰撞概率的影响因素进行了分析,研究了过交线高度差、过交线时间差、轨道夹角、位置预报误差、等效半径等因素对碰撞概率的影响,得出了一些有意义的结论.     

CCSDS SCPS网络层与传输层协议分析与仿真验证

空间数据系统咨询委员会(CCSDS)针对空间通信的特点制定了空间通信协议标准SCPS(Space Communications Protocal Specification)。文章从CCSDS标准在中国空间技术的实际应用出发,对CCSDS SCPS协议中网络层协议(NP)和传输层协议(TP)进行研究,分析其特点和适用性,并与TCP/IP协议进行对比,最后设计演示验证系统对所提方案进行验证并得出结论:在空间通信环境下,采用SCPS协议后的性能优于采用TCP/IP协议。     

空间目标编目维持中的观测需求确定方法研究

针对空间目标探测中观测计划制定业务面临的目标观测需求确定问题,首先分析影响目标观测需求确定的因素,据此进行精度指标确定分析,然后结合一类目标,在进行“圈／站／天”组合精度分析的基础上,提出动态观测需求确定方法,并阐述其运行机制。     

Possible influence of solar extreme events and related geomagnetic disturbances on human cardio-vascular state: Results of collaborative Bulgarian–Azerbaijani studies

This collaborative study is based on the analysis and comparison of results of coordinated experimental investigations conducted in Bulgaria and Azerbaijan for revealing a possible influence of solar activity changes and related geomagnetic activity variations on the human cardio-vascular state. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate of 86 healthy volunteers were measured on working days during a period of comparatively high solar and geomagnetic activity (2799 measurements in autumn 2001 and spring 2002) in Sofia. Daily experimental investigations of parameters of cardio-vascular health state were performed in Azerbaijan with a permanent group of examined persons. Heart rate and electrocardiograms were digitally registered (in total 1532 records) for seven functionally healthy persons on working days and Saturdays, in the Laboratory of Heliobiology at the Medical Center INAM in Baku, from 15.07.2006 to 13.11.2007. Obtained digital recordings were subjected to medical, statistical and spectral analyses. Special attention was paid to effects of solar extreme events, particularly those of November 2001 and December 2006. The statistical method of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analysis were applied to check the significance of the influence of geomagnetic activity on the cardio-vascular parameters under consideration. Results revealed statistically significant increments for the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure values of the group with geomagnetic activity increase. Arterial blood pressure values started increasing two days prior to geomagnetic storms and kept their high values up to two days after the storms. Heart rate reaction was ambiguous and not significant for healthy persons examined (for both groups) under conditions with geomagnetic activity changes. It is concluded that heart rate for healthy persons at middle latitudes can be considered as a more stable physiological parameter which is not so sensitive to environmental changes while the dynamics of arterial blood pressure reveals a compensatory reaction of the human organism for adaptation.     

空间推进系统用铝内衬PBO 纤维缠绕高压气瓶的研制

以空间推进系统用高压复合材料气瓶的开发为背景,开展了PBO纤维的应用研究。分别对PBO/D-3和PBO/D-8复合材料力学性能进行了测试,获得了性能最佳的复合材料配方体系。在此基础上,将PBO复合材料用于空间推进系统用铝内衬复合材料高压气瓶,开展了2.4 L铝内衬高压气瓶的研制。结果表明:PBO(HM)/D-8复合材料力学性能最佳,其拉伸强度与NOL层间剪切强度分别高达1 397 MPa和20.2MPa,采用其缠绕的复合材料气瓶结构系数高达64.5 km。     

高精度空间加速度计及其应用

高精度空间加速度计不仅可以用来测量航天器受到的非引力, 例如航天器受到地球的热辐射压力、太阳辐射压力、大气阻力等, 而且还可以作为惯性参考用来改善航天器的微重力水平, 即对航天器进行无拖曳控制. 通过对开环加速度计基本工作原理的研究, 概述了高精度空间加速度计的发展趋势和现状, 介绍了几种不同类型的高精度空间加速度计, 重点讨论了其在地球科学和空间基础物理研究中的应用.     

基于天基雷达的空间目标轨道预测

根据天基雷达获取的空间目标位置和速度参数, 研究了计算空间目标轨道根数的方法, 以实现对空间目标的初定轨. 分析了雷达坐标系下对目标的观测误差给协议天球坐标系下的目标参数估计带来的影响. 提出了空间二体相遇问题的一种解决方案. 利用已知的空间站轨道, 仿真分析了空间目标在一周之内和空间站的相遇情况, 同时给出了目标轨道预测的误差分析.     

空间科学实验平台气液回路方案

空间科学实验平台是为突破单一化实验装置设计模式而研制的一种多用途空间科学实验平台. 根据空间科学实验平台内气液回路设计的相关问题, 给出了回路系统中主要设备的相关设计方法, 包括循环风机、气-液换热器、冷板, 并根据传热效率和系统安全性的考虑, 对流体工质的选择提出建议. 初步分析结果及国际类似研究证明, 气液回路技术结合其他主动及被动热控制措施, 可以很好地满足空间实验平台内部仪器设备及样本的不同温度控制要求.     

A Novel Magnetic Configuration for Space Radiation Active Shielding

Space radiation has been identified as the main health hazard to crews involved in manned Mars missions. Active shielding is more effective than passive shielding to the very energetic particles from cosmic rays. Particle motion in a magnetic field is studied based on the single-particle theory and Monte Carlo method. By comparing the shielding efficiency of different magnetic field configurations, a novel active magnetic shielding configuration with lower mass cost and power consumption is proposed for manned Mars missions. The new magnetic configuration can shield 92.8% of protons and 84.4% of alpha particles with E < 4 GeV·n^-1, when considering the passive shielding contribution of 10.0 g·cm^-2 Al Shielding, the required magnetic stiffness can be reduced from 27 Tm to 16 Tm. The detailed analysis of mass cost and power consumption shows that active shielding will be a promising means to protect crews from space radiation exposure in manned Mars missions.     

依巴谷卫星资料处理中的参考架

本文从依巴谷卫星扫描观测原理出发,给出对日参考架、扫描大圆参考架和望远镜参考架的明确定义;指出FAST和NDAC两个卫星资料处理中心之间所用参考架的差异;并选择50颗全天均匀分布的恒星进行了模拟计算,讨论了欧洲空间局利用两个资料处理中心的意义。