A Brief Introduction and Recent Progress of the Geospace Double Star Program

The Geospace Double Star Project (DSP) consists of two small satellites operating in the near-earth equatorial and polar regions, respectively. The goals of DSP are: (1) to provide high-resolution field, particle, and wave measurements in some important near-earth active regions which have not been covered by current ISTP missions, such as the near-earth plasma sheet and its boundary layer, the ring current, the radiation belts, the dayside magnetopause boundary layer, and the polar region; (2) to investigate the trigger mechanisms of magnetic storms, magnetospheric substorms, and magnetospheric particle events,as well as the responses of geospace storms to solar activities and interplanetary disturbances; (3) to set up the models describing the spatial and temporal variations of the near-earth space environment.To realize the above goals, the equatorial satellite TC-1 and the polar satellite TC-2 will accommodate, respectively, eight instruments on board. TC-1was launched successfully in December 2003 while the polar satellite (TC-2)will be launched in July 2004. The orbit of the equatorial satellite TC-1 consists of a perigee at 550 km, an apogee at 60 000 km, and an inclination of about 28.5; while the orbit of the polar satellite will have a perigee of 700 km, an apogee of 40 000 km, and an inclination of about 90. The two satellites will take coordinated measurements with Cluster Ⅱ and will first form a "six-point exploration" in geospace.The operational status of TC-1 are introduced in this paper.     

喷射式气氮调温系统

气氮调温系统是空间环境模拟器中为航天器进行热真空、热平衡试验的关键系统之一。它可使热沉温度在－100℃－＋100℃之间连续可调，并能任意定点。采用喷射式气氮调温系统，与液氮储槽式冷却器调温系统、液氮温度热沉加红外加热笼系统相比，可降低能耗，节约经费。大型空间环境模拟器中由于热沉的热惯性较大以及各支路温度存在均匀性等问题，大型空间模拟器设备要应用喷射式气氮调温系统存在一定难度。KM6大型空间模拟器喷射式气氮调温系统在研制中结合KM6实际和试验要求。调试和使用结果证明这一系统满足试验要求，同时也表明该系统在同一领域达到了国际同类设备的水平。     

空间轨道单粒子翻转率预估方法研究

系统分析了国外单粒子翻转率预估方法，提出了一种适合国内现状的单粒子翻转率预估方法，计算了五个典型轨道上的单粒子翻转率和轨道翻转系数，为评价半导体器件抗单粒子效应的能力提供了依据。     

An experiment to study solar flare effects on radio-communication signals

The occurrence of radio signal fading events caused by ionospheric absorption plays an important role in the performance of radio-communication systems. It is necessary to know the magnitude and time-scale of such events in order to specify technical parameters of the communication system to be used. Generally, fading events are associated with solar flares, which are characterized by sudden increase in the solar X-ray flux that causes an increase in the ionization in the lower ionosphere. The abrupt increase of ionization causes the absorption of radio waves propagating in the Earth–ionosphere wave-guide and is reported as radio signal fading events. A simple experiment to monitor the behavior of lower ionosphere has been carried out at the Southern Space Observatory-SSO/INPE (29.43°S, 53.8°W), located in southern Brazil. The experiment is basically a computer controlled radio receiver that records the received signal strength of Amplitude Modulated (AM) radio signals in the HF (High Frequencies) range. We analyzed data of the 6 MHz beacon signal that has been transmitted by a broadcasting radio station located about 400 km from the observation site. In this work we present initial results of daily variation of the received signal strength and fading events associated with solar flares observed in the 6 MHz signal monitored by the experiment during 2001. X-ray solar flux data from the GOES-8 satellite were used to identify X-ray solar bursts associated with solar flares. Based on the one-year data collected by the experiment, a statistical summary of fading occurrences and their correlation with solar flares, as well as the distributions of time-scales and magnitudes of such events are presented.     

海上“网络中心战”

海上"网络中心战"以计算机网络为中心和基础,使整个海上战场、各种部队、各个武器平台形成有机的整体,以提高海上整体作战效能.介绍了"网络中心战"的体系结构和协同交战能力系统,进行了作战效能分析.     

乙烯基硅橡胶生胶中低分子的脱除

由于硅橡胶是用催化平衡的方法制备，生胶中含有约3％的挥发性的低分子量环体，会对硅橡胶的热真空失重（TML）、可凝挥发物性能（CVCM）有极大影响。为使所制得的硅橡胶符合空间级材料要求，分别采用溶剂抽提法和热真空处理法来脱除乙烯基硅橡胶中的小分子，通过比较处理前后硅橡胶的分子量及其分布、TML、CVCM，对比了两种方法脱除小分子的效果；并制备得到了符合空间级标准的硅橡胶。     

Ground experimental investigations into an ejected spray cooling system for space closed-loop application

Spray cooling has proved its superior heat transfer performance in removing high heat flux for ground applications.However,the dissipation of vapor–liquid mixture from the heat surface and the closed-loop circulation of the coolant are two challenges in reduced or zero gravity space environments.In this paper,an ejected spray cooling system for space closed-loop application was proposed and the negative pressure in the ejected condenser chamber was applied to sucking the two-phase mixture from the spray chamber.Its ground experimental setup was built and experimental investigations on the smooth circle heat surface with a diameter of 5 mm were conducted with distilled water as the coolant spraying from a nozzle of 0.51 mm orifice diameter at the inlet temperatures of 69.2 °C and 78.2 °C under the conditions of heat flux ranging from 69.76 W/cm~2 to 311.45 W/cm~2,volume flow through the spray nozzle varying from 11.22 L/h to 15.76 L/h.Work performance of the spray nozzle and heat transfer performance of the spray cooling system were analyzed;results show that this ejected spray cooling system has a good heat transfer performance and provides valid foundation for space closed-loop application in the near future.     

航天器对接中接近至首次接触阶段的数值仿真

确定接触点问题是航天器对接过程中接近与接触阶段的仿真的关键问题。以内导向瓣异体同构周边式对接机构为例，给出了确定接触点的方法，建立了确定接触点的数学模型、接近与接触阶段两航天器的刚体运动方程，并对接近与接触阶段进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明：所建立的数学模型和动力学方程是正确的。     

大型空间环模设备液氮系统冷箱设计

液氮系统是大型空间环境模拟设备中的主要分系统之一,液氮流程采用了单相密闭循环、文丘利管、液氮泵增压及阀门冷箱的结构方案。文章重点介绍了阀门冷箱的设计,这是近年来国外大型空间模拟器液氮流程发展的新趋势。     

空间太阳电站的发展前景评估

首先回顾了NASA的空间太阳电站1979 SPS基准系统方案及其产生与搁置的背景，强调了1995－1997年新一轮论证中所提方案的高度模块化特点，这一特点使空间太阳电站的技术可行性大为增加，其次介绍了空间电站研究的工作分解结构和所需的关键技术，最后从全球对电能的需求，有关国家的态度，关键技术的进展等几个方面，给出了对空间电站发展前景的不同评价。