DE算法在空间交会中的应用

在第一次脉冲位置可变的条件下,用差异演化(DE)算法实现航天器双冲量交会的优化。根据C-W方程建立双冲量交会模型,用时间-能量加权法计算混合优化指标。给出了所设计DE优化算法的编码、生成初始种群、变异、交叉、辅助和选择等操作步骤。仿真结果表明,DE算法较基本遗传算法(GA)能更有效地获得最优解。     

Sun CubE OnE: A multi-wavelength synoptic solar micro satellite

The Sun cubE onE (SEE) is a 12U CubeSat mission proposed for a phase A/B study to the Italian Space Agency that will investigate Gamma and X-ray fluxes and ultraviolet (UV) solar emission to support studies in Sun-Earth interaction and Space Weather from LEO. More in detail, SEE’s primary goals are to measure the flares emission from soft-X to Gamma ray energy range and to monitor the solar activity in the Fraunhofer Mg II doublet at 280 nm, taking advantage of a full disk imager payload. The Gamma and X-ray fluxes will be studied with unprecedented temporal resolution and with a multi-wavelength approach thanks to the combined use of silicon photodiode and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) -based detectors. The flare spectrum will be explored from the keV to the MeV range of energies by the same payload, and with a cadence up to 10 kHz and with single-photon detection capabilities to unveil the sources of the solar flares. The energy range covers the same bands used by GOES satellites, which are the standard bands for flare magnitude definition. At the same time SiPM detectors combined with scintillators allow to cover the non-thermal bremsstrahlung emission in the gamma energy range. Given its UV imaging capabilities, SEE will be a key space asset to support detailed studies on solar activity, especially in relation to ultraviolet radiation which strongly interacts with the upper layers of the Earth’s atmosphere, and in relation to space safety, included in the field of human space exploration. The main goal for the UV payload is to study the evolution of the solar UV emission in the Mg II band at two different time scales: yearly variations along the solar cycle and transient variations during flare events. The Mg II index is commonly used as a proxy of the solar activity in the Sun-as-a-star paradigm, in which solar irradiance variations in the UV correlate with the variations in stratospheric ozone concentrations and other physical parameters of the Earth high atmosphere. SEE data will be used together with space and ground-based observatories that provide Solar data (e.g. Solar Orbiter, IRIS, GONG, TSST), high energy particle fluxes (e.g. GOES, MAXI, CSES) and geomagnetic data in a multi-instrument/multi-wavelength/multi-messenger approach.     

空间机器人抓取未知目标的质量特性参数辨识

根据动量守恒定理,研究了单臂自由飘浮空间机器人抓取未知目标的质量特性参数辨识问题。已有文献中基于动量守恒原理进行的参数辨识只适用于系统线动量和角动量为零的情况,当两者不为零时无法得到正确的辨识结果。为解决此问题,本文首先在惯性系而非本体系下推导得到了机械臂抓取未知目标后的系统线动量和角动量,保证了其各分量的守恒特性。然后基于此特性,通过在轨测量两个时刻机器人本体的线速度、角速度以及机械臂各关节的角速度和转角信息,建立了含有未知目标质量特性参数的动量增量方程。最后根据三组测量信息,从联立的动量增量方程组中求解得到未知目标的质量特性参数。数值仿真表明,此方法在系统线动量和角动量为零和不为零两种情况下都能实现高精度的参数辨识,同时还避免了方程求解的奇异问题。     

The effects of proton radiation on UHMWPE material properties for space flight and medical applications

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a polymer widely used as a radiation shielding material in space flight applications and as a bearing material in total joint replacements. As a long chain hydrocarbon based polymer, UHMWPE’s material properties are influenced by radiation exposure, and prior studies show that gamma irradiation is effective for both medical sterilization and increased wear resistance in total joint replacement applications. However, the effects of space flight radiation types and doses on UHMWPE material properties are poorly understood. In this study, three clinically relevant grades of UHMWPE (GUR 1020, GUR 1050, and GUR 1020 blended with Vitamin E) were proton irradiated and tested for differences in material properties. Each of the three types of UHMWPE was irradiated at nominal doses of 0 Gy (control), 5 Gy, 10 Gy, 20 Gy, and 35 Gy. Following irradiation, uniaxial tensile testing and thermal testing using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) were performed. Results show small but significant changes in several material properties between the control (0 Gy) and 35 Gy samples, indicating that proton irradiation could have a effect on the long term performance of UHMWPE in both medical and space flight applications.     

Magnetospheric physics in China: 2008—2010

In the past two years, most of the works on magnetospheric physics were made by using the data of Double Star Program and Cluster missions. However some works were still conducted by computer simulation or using the data from other space missions and ground geomagnetic observations. This paper briefly review these previous works based on papers selected from the 28 publications from April 2008 to April 2010. The subjects covered various sub-branches of magnetospheric physics, including geomagnetic storm, magnetospheric substorm and etc.     

空间环境对航天器影响的统计分析

概括介绍了空间环境的九个主要区域,归纳了它们对航天器各系统的影响。对114例各类环境造成的航天器失效和异常进行了统计分析,在此基础上对引起航天器失效、异常较多的四类空间环境进行了具体分析。     

我国空间遥控技术发展的若干课题

从我国空间遥控发展的需求出发,提出了当前应组织力量进行研究的一些课题。主要是：遥控设备的三化、研制遥控专用集成电路、遥控数据安全和分包遥控等。     

新一代运载火箭增压输送系统交叉输送技术研究

介绍了液体运载火箭和航天飞行器推进剂交叉输送技术的概念。分析了贮箱间和管路间两种交叉输送系统的原理和工作特点,以及国外如美国第二代航天飞机、三级并联火箭飞行器、宇宙神运载火箭,以及欧空局阿里安4LP运载火箭采用的交叉输送技术。阐明了交叉输送连接器和交叉增压等关键技术。对所研制的蝶型活门进行的气动螺栓分离和气动分离,以及以水为介质的交叉输送系统小比例系统试验结果表明,两种分离方案均能实现可靠分离,系统工作正常。推进剂交叉输送技术可用于改善捆绑式运载火箭和航天飞机的布局和性能。