Predicting the vulnerability of spacecraft components: Modelling debris impact effects through vulnerable-zones

The space environment around the Earth is populated by more than 130 million objects of 1 mm in size and larger, and future predictions shows that this amount is destined to increase, even if mitigation measures are implemented at a far better rate than today. These objects can hit and damage a spacecraft or its components. It is thus necessary to assess the risk level for a satellite during its mission lifetime. Few software packages perform this analysis, and most of them employ time-consuming ray-tracing methodology, where particles are randomly sampled from relevant distributions. In addition, they tend not to consider the risk associated with the secondary debris clouds. The paper presents the development of a vulnerability assessment model, which relies on a fully statistical procedure: the debris fluxes are directly used combining them with the concept of vulnerable zone, avoiding the random sampling the debris fluxes. A novel methodology is presented to predict damage on internal components. It models the interaction between the components and the secondary debris cloud through basic geometrical operations, considering mutual shielding and shadowing between internal components. The methodologies are tested against state-of-the-art software for relevant test cases, comparing results on external structures and internal components.     

Progress Report of Space Life Science in China

In the past two years, space life sciences research in China is characterized by a tendency toward integration of scientific and engineering resources in preparing and implementing advanced space programs. In the field of operational medicine, we carried out an international cooperated Head-Down Bed Rest (HDBR) experiment and investigated the effects of Chinese herbs compounds on astronaut's physiological functions. The effect of microgravity and its mechanisms were further studied from the level of physiology and biology. At the same time, state-level platform for ground and space experiment was established.     

A Review on the Ionospheric Research:Chinese Works During 2006—2008

This paper reviews various progresses on the ionospheric studies by the scientists in China during the last two years.The main contents concern the 4 aspects of the ionospheric re-search:(1) ionospheric weather and coupling with magnetosphere(polar and auroral ionosphere,ionospheric response to substorms,ionospheric storms);(2) mid-and low-latitude ionospheric clima-tology(ionospheric properties,yearly variations and solar activity dependence,long term variation);(3) ionospheric coupling with neutral atmosphere(gravity waves,tides,planetary waves,background upper atmosphere,and ionospheric response);and(4) ionospheric diagnostics(observation,modeling,and prediction).     

CCSDS无损数据压缩算法的实现与应用研究

无损数据压缩是航天应用和遥感系统的重要业务之一。对CCSDS(空间数据系统咨询委员会)推荐的数据无损压缩标准进行了分析研究,讨论了其推荐算法的基本原理和编码方法,然后基于DSP(数字信号处理器)实现了该算法并对代码进行了优化。实验结果表明,DSP实现的CCSDS标准的无损数据压缩算法的数据处理速率可达11Mbit/s,可用于那些不需要很高数据吞吐率的星上数据处理任务。最后讨论了CCSDS无损数据压缩标准是如何融入CCSDS体制的星载数据系统中的。     

航天员出舱活动地面试验系统设计与实现

为了完成航天员的出舱活动任务,必须建设可以验证航天员出舱活动适应性的地面试验设备。文章描述了航天员出舱活动地面试验设备的系统构成、性能指标以及实现方法,给出了航天员出舱活动试验过程的实际过程曲线。试验结果表明:该地面试验设备可以满足航天员出舱活动试验任务的要求,拓宽了空间环境地面试验的领域范围,提升了空间环境地面模拟的能力,并为后续有人参与的空间环境地面试验提供了能力保证。     

船体变形对航天测量船外弹道测量的影响

简要介绍了航天测量船船体变形测量系统的基本构成、测量原理和测量元素,分析了变形测量数据的基本特性,给出了船载外测数据船体变形修正的方法和计算公式;重点考察研究了船体变形数据对航天测量船外测数据和外测定轨的影响。     

航天测量船外测数据的复杂误差特性

使用三次样条最小二乘拟合残差法研究了航天测量船外测数据误差的统计特性,分析了其误差的相关特性,建立了时序模型。研究结果表明,航天测量船外测数据误差具有强自相关性、非正态性、时变方差性和分段平稳性,其特性可以用高阶AR模型描述。     

基于非精确计算的空间探测相控阵雷达任务规划算法

针对空间探测相控阵雷达系统,提出了一种新的基于非精确计算模型的观测任务规划算法。首先,建立了目标观测的实时任务模型,并分析了观测任务所占用传感器的资源;其次,基于非精确计算模型,提出一种多任务并行的实时容错调度算法来解决观测任务规划问题,该算法综合考虑相控阵雷达的搜索任务与跟踪任务,来进行系统资源的分配。对于跟踪任务,算法结合目标的过境时间以及当前系统的负载情况,以此来确定雷达对该目标的观测时间段;最后给出了算法的评估方法。利用2886个低轨空间目标进行仿真验证,结果表明,基于非精确计算模型的任务规划算法,可显著提高系统调度成功率以及时间资源利用率．比传统方法更稳健。     

航天器对接接触过程撞击动力学分析

空间对接接触撞击过程动力学特性是载人航天空间对接机构研究设计的基础．本文针对先进而复杂的异体同构周边式对接机构,运用矢量力学方法和粘弹性理论,建立了航天器空间对接接触撞击过程动力学模型,给出了接触撞击载荷显示表达式,并结合工程问题算例进行了初步打靶计算和统计分析,取得了较为满意的统计结果．