固体推进剂药柱在内压载荷下的应力应变分析

采用有限元法，对含人工脱粘层的某固体火箭发动机药柱进行了线粘弹性分析，研究了在工作内压戴荷下人工脱粘层和材料泊松比对药柱应力应变的影响。分析结果表明，增加人工脱粘层面积可导致药柱头部应力增大。增加泊松比也会加大药柱应力。     

水冲压发动机掺混燃烧数值分析

用三维两相湍流N-S方程及湍流燃烧PDF模型模拟水冲压发动机补燃室燃烧流场,并探讨了进水流量对冲压发动机补燃室流场的影响。通过与试验结果对比分析,结果表明,所采用的数值方法可用来模拟水冲压发动机补燃室掺混工作过程,其数值结果可用来指导水冲压发动机进一步的研究分析工作。     

固体火箭发动机推力振荡特性数值研究

为了揭示固体火箭发动机推力振荡特性,以大型助推器P230的缩比发动机为基础,使用大涡模拟方法,对障碍物旋涡脱落诱发的振荡流场开展数值模拟,通过对比燃烧室压力、推力的振频和振幅,总结了推力振幅的估算方法.研究结果表明,推力振幅对压力振幅放大机理的关键参数是喉通比,放大比例与喉通比成反比;奇数阶声振型对推力振幅的贡献最大,偶数阶声振型对推力振幅的影响可以忽略,旋涡脱落对推力振幅的作用小于奇数阶声振型,且随涡/声耦合程度的增大而增强.     

温度相依固体推进剂的蠕变损伤模型

针对复合固体推进剂材料,建立了与温度相耦合的蠕变损伤演变模型,进行了单轴和双轴条件下蠕变破断试验,确定了材料参数.该模型对复合固体推进剂的应力分析、寿命预估具有应用价值.     

固体发动机O形橡胶圈密封性能试验研究

分析了O形橡胶圈自然贮存、热空气加速老化、相容性及全尺寸发动机密封结构自然贮存等一系列单项试验结果,得到了O形橡胶圈在压缩状态下的密封贮存性能及其使用期,这些结果可供发动机设计使用.     

NEPE推进剂用中性聚合物键合剂的分子设计

中性聚合物键合剂(NPBA)是美国Kim C.S.发明的一种新助剂。这种键合剂可显著提高NEPE推进剂的力学性能。本文根据Kim C.S.发表的专利和论文,介绍了降温相分离沉积包覆的原理,归纳提出了NPBA的分子设计方法,并且举例说明。     

燃烧室缝槽气膜冷却方案研究

针对超音速飞行器冲压发动机高马赫数、长航时的特点,结合工程计算方法和设计思想,建立了燃烧室缝槽气膜冷却过程一维计算模型,详细研究了各主要因素对气膜冷却效果的影响,并给出了某型冲压发动机高温燃烧室缝槽气膜冷却结构参考设计方案。结果表明,通过改善结构布局,合理分配缝隙冷气流量,可以有效地提高气膜冷却效果、降低壁温,适应高温燃气参数分布对隔热屏的热防护要求。     

IR radiation characteristics of rocket exhaust plumes under varying motor operating conditions

The infrared(IR) irradiance signature from rocket motor exhaust plumes is closely related to motor type,propellant composition,burn time,rocket geometry,chamber parameters and flight conditions.In this paper,an infrared signature analysis tool(IRSAT) was developed to understand the spectral characteristics of exhaust plumes in detail.Through a finite volume technique,flow field properties were obtained through the solution of axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations with the Reynolds-averaged approach.A refined 13-species,30-reaction chemistry scheme was used for combustion effects and a k-e-Rtturbulence model for entrainment effects.Using flowfield properties as input data,the spectrum was integrated with a line of sight(LOS) method based on a single line group(SLG) model with Curtis-Godson approximation.The model correctly predicted spectral distribution in the wavelengths of 1.50–5.50 lm and had good agreement for its location with imaging spectrometer data.The IRSAT was then applied to discuss the effects of three operating conditions on IR signatures:(a) afterburning;(b) chamber pressure from ignition to cutoff;and(c) minor changes in the ratio of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) binder to ammonium perchlorate(AP) oxidizer in propellant.Results show that afterburning effects can increase the size and shape of radiance images with enhancement of radiation intensity up to 40%.Also,the total IR irradiance in different bands can be characterized by a non-dimensional chamber pressure trace in which the maximum discrepancy is less than 13% during ignition and engine cutoff.An increase of chamber pressure can lead to more distinct diamonds,whose distance intervals are extended,and the position of the first diamond moving backwards.In addition,an increase in HTPB/AP causes a significant jump in spectral intensity.The incremental rates of radiance intensity integrated in each band are linear with the increase of HTPB,and the growth rates of radiance intensities in some bands reach up to 50% as HTPB weight increases by 3%.     

Numerical study on similarity of plume infrared radiation between reduced-scale solid rocket motors

This study seeks to determine the similarities in plume radiation between reduced and full-scale solid rocket models in ground test conditions through investigation of flow and radiation for a series of scale ratios ranging from 0.1 to 1. The radiative transfer equation(RTE) considering gas and particle radiation in a non-uniform plume has been adopted and solved by the finite volume method(FVM) to compute the three dimensional, spectral and directional radiation of a plume in the infrared waveband 2–6 μm. Conditions at wavelengths 2.7 μm and 4.3 μm are discussed in detail, and ratios of plume radiation for reduced-scale through full-scale models are examined. This work shows that, with increasing scale ratio of a computed rocket motor, area of the hightemperature core increases as a 2 power function of the scale ratio, and the radiation intensity of the plume increases with 2–2.5 power of the scale ratio. The infrared radiation of plume gases shows a strong spectral dependency, while that of Al_2O_3 particles shows spectral continuity of gray media.Spectral radiation intensity of a computed solid rocket plume's high temperature core increases significantly in peak radiation spectra of plume gases CO and CO_2. Al_2O_3 particles are the major radiation component in a rocket plume. There is good similarity between contours of plume spectral radiance from different scale models of computed rockets, and there are two peak spectra of radiation intensity at wavebands 2.7–3.0 μm and 4.2–4.6 μm. Directed radiation intensity of the entire plume volume will rise with increasing elevation angle.     

双补燃室固冲凝聚相颗粒分布对比试验研究

针对固冲发动机燃烧效率较低以及凝相粒子分布规律不清楚的现状,本文建立了一套评价固冲发动机燃烧效率的双补燃室试验装置和研究凝相颗粒分布的取样装置。对比研究了结构相同的补燃室内的参数,其误差小于0.5%,说明该装置可以用于精确对比不同补燃室的燃烧效率。然后应用该装置完成了补燃室长度分别为600mm、800mm、1000mm,进气角度分别为30°、45°、60°的对比试验,分析了粒子的粒度分布规律和化学成分变化规律,该规律与数值分析的规律相同。试验结果表明：在进气角度不变情况下,补燃室长度增加有利于提高燃烧效率,燃烧室压强提高,凝相粒子直径明显减小,B粒子燃烧更充分;在补燃室长度为1000mm的情况下,进气角度增加有利于燃烧效率增加,燃烧室压强提高,粒子直径减小,B粒子燃烧更充分。双补燃室发动机是评价补燃室燃烧效率的有效装置,粒度分布和燃烧产物的化学成分有助于补燃室结构设计。