宽带认知雷达低峰均比波形快速设计算法

发射波形设计是宽带认知雷达系统的关键技术。为了提高宽带认知雷达系统对距离扩展目标的检测性能,建立了目标检测模型,分析了系统的检测性能,在此基础之上研究了基于最大输出信干噪比(SINR)的低峰均比(PAR)波形设计算法。通过将原波形优化问题等效为接收权值与低峰均比波形的联合优化问题,同时利用循环优化的思想,提出了一种低峰均比波形快速设计算法。相比于现有的梯度法以及凸优化算法,该算法所设计的恒模波形信干噪比与二者相当,但算法实现难度明显变小,计算复杂度明显降低。仿真结果证实了算法的有效性。     

基于网络编码的无线NoC多播映射

具有高带宽、QoS保障和广播等优点的无线片上网络（NoC）能为通信信号系统的多核并行处理提供平台,而网络编码能够以较小功耗开销为代价显著提高NoC的传输效率。本文从通信信号系统的多播特性与需求出发,为无线NoC建立合适的架构与映射模型,在多约束条件下设计满足网络吞吐率性能最大化及核间通信延时、数据传输和编码功耗等开销最小化的任务映射与网络编码技术联合优化方法,实现了任务的高效并行与多处理核的协同工作。实验表明,本文提出的网络架构及映射算法与传统方式相比能节约6%的功耗,得到16%的吞吐率增益,并且路由节点硬件实现复杂度低。      

飞行器径向连接螺栓振动断裂分析

应用有限元分析结合试验数据,获得随机振动环境下飞行器径向连接螺栓的载荷功率谱密度（PSD）;采用基于弯曲效应的载荷与应力的线性关系,获取螺栓头根部的名义应力功率谱密度;基于Dirlik经验公式,获取应力随机过程的峰值概率密度函数和预期波峰数,联合Miner线性累积损伤模型及经应力集中系数修正的材料S-N曲线,评估径向连接螺栓头根部振动疲劳寿命,获得的结果与试验螺栓头断裂现象符合,并确定螺栓断裂原因为低频共振疲劳。     

集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统

为了消除高峰均功率比低频脉冲负载对有限容量机载交流供电系统的周期性冲击等不利影响,对开关器件进行集成和复用,提出了能够同时提供功率解耦端口和直流输出端口的三端口功率解耦整流器。通过将三端口整流器与DC/DC变换器组合,构造出集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统,实现了直流侧周期性脉动功率和交流源侧功率的解耦,并保证低频脉冲负载正常供电需求。详细分析了三端口整流器的工作原理,提出了与之相适应的功率控制方法和调制策略,基于开关器件分时复用原理,实现了交流端口到两个直流端口的功率传输和分配,并实现了两个直流端口功率切换过程的平滑过渡。实验结果验证了所提三端口脉冲功率解耦整流器的有效性和可行性。     

一种模块化航空有源滤波器的研究

 航空有源滤波器(AAPF)是解决飞机供电系统中电能质量问题的一种先进方案,而模块化设计对航空有源滤波器灵活性、可维护性和可靠性的提升作用巨大。首先提出并研究了一种新型模块化航空有源滤波器,分析了主电路数学模型及其混合载波PWM(CH-PWM)调制方式;其次基于损耗对比分析进行了主电路拓扑优化,推导了模块均压控制律并给出了系统控制策略;最后进行了仿真和实验验证。结果表明,模块化航空有源滤波器能够有效补偿航空电网中由典型非线性负载产生的谐波和无功电流分量,三相电网电流的总谐波畸变率(THD)均在5%以下,补偿效果显著。     

Temporal and spatial variation of equatorial ionization anomaly by using multistation ionosonde data for the 19th solar cycle over the Indian region

The paper deals with the study of temporal and spatial variation of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) phenomenon along with its dependence on solar activity and season during the 19th solar cycle by using seven Indian ionosonde stations. Present study is an attempt to carry out the comprehensive study of EIA by using the limited number of ground based instruments. This has been achieved by performing the Gaussian fitting over the latitudinal distribution of F2-region critical frequency (foF2) data. Results reveal that the phenomenon of EIA has a strong dependence on solar activity and seasons. The EIA crest exhibits the feature of latitudinal shifting and expansion with increasing solar activity. It is found out that the effect of solar cycle and seasons on EIA is local time dependent. The observations were also compared with the IRI-2001 model predictions and results reveal that the model values are in general agreement with the observed values with some discrepancies, particularly during the high solar activity period and morning sector. The results have been discussed in the light of relative contribution from transequatorial interhemispheric neutral wind and strength of equatorial fountain process during different local time, season and solar activity levels. Furthermore, an attempt is made to parameterize the location and foF2 of the EIA crest by using the regression analysis. These results can be used to predict the latitudinal position and foF2 of the EIA crest for any given 12-month running average sunspot number (R12).     

Validate the IRI2007 model by the COSMIC slant TEC data during the extremely solar minimum of 2008

During 2008, the solar activity is extremely low. The satellite observations show that the ionospheric height and electron density is much lower than the predictions by the international reference ionosphere (IRI) model. In this paper, we compared the slant total electron content (TEC) observed by the COSMIC satellites during 2008 with the IRI model results. It is found that the IRI model with IRI2001 and IRI2001 Cor. topside options will always overestimate the electron density in both lower and higher altitudes. But the rest two topside options (NeQuick, and TTS) tend to overestimate the electron density in the F layer and underestimate it in the topside altitudes. The switch altitude between overestimation and underestimation and the latitude-local time distribution of the model deviation depend on the topside option. The current investigation might be useful for the model improvement as well as data assimilation work based on the IRI model and the LEO TEC data.     

Improved interpretation of solar wind ion measurements via high-resolution magnetic field data

The Wind   spacecraft’s Faraday cups (FC) continue to produce high-quality, in situ observations of thermal protons (i.e., ionized hydrogen) and α$\alpha$-particles (i.e., fully ionized helium) in the solar wind. By fitting a Wind/FC ion spectrum with a model velocity distribution function (VDF) for each particle species, values for density, bulk velocity, and temperature can be inferred. Incorporating measurements of the background magnetic field from the Wind Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) allows perpendicular and parallel temperature components to be separated. Prior implementations of this analysis averaged the higher-cadence Wind/MFI measurements to match that of the Wind/FC ion spectra. However, this article summarizes recent and extensive revisions to the analysis software that, among other things, eliminate such averaging and thereby account for variations in the direction of the magnetic field over the time taken to measure the ions. A statistical comparison reveals that the old version consistently underestimates the temperature anisotropy of ion VDF’s: averaging over fluctuations in the magnetic field essentially blurs the perpendicular and parallel temperature components, which makes the plasma seem artificially more isotropic. The new version not only provides a more accurate dataset of ion parameters (which is well suited to the study of microkinetic phenomena), it also demonstrates a novel technique for jointly processing particle and field data. Such methods are crucial to heliophysics as wave-particle interactions are increasingly seen as playing an important role in the dynamics of the solar wind and similar space plasmas.     

Heliotropic dust rings for Earth climate engineering

This paper examines the concept of a Sun-pointing elliptical Earth ring comprised of dust grains to offset global warming. A new family of non-Keplerian periodic orbits, under the effects of solar radiation pressure and the Earth’s J₂ oblateness perturbation, is used to increase the lifetime of the passive cloud of particles and, thus, increase the efficiency of this geoengineering strategy. An analytical model is used to predict the orbit evolution of the dust ring due to solar-radiation pressure and the J₂ effect. The attenuation of the solar radiation can then be calculated from the ring model. In comparison to circular orbits, eccentric orbits yield a more stable environment for small grain sizes and therefore achieve higher efficiencies when the orbit decay of the material is considered. Moreover, the novel orbital dynamics experienced by high area-to-mass ratio objects, influenced by solar radiation pressure and the J₂ effect, ensure the ring will maintain a permanent heliotropic shape, with dust spending the largest portion of time on the Sun facing side of the orbit. It is envisaged that small dust grains can be released from a circular generator orbit with an initial impulse to enter an eccentric orbit with Sun-facing apogee. Finally, a lowest estimate of 1 × 10¹² kg of material is computed as the total mass required to offset the effects of global warming.