基于不同前角的航空铝合金切削过程分析

为合理选用刀具前角,研究前角变化对航空铝合金7050-T7451切削过程的影响.对前角影响进行理论分析,并借助有限元软件ABAQUS/Explict建立热力耦合的平面应变正交切削模型,采用Johnson-Cook材料本构关系及失效准则模拟不同刀具前角时切屑的形成过程,对比分析了前角变化对切屑形态、切削力和切削温度的影响.仿真结果表明,大前角的刀具有利于改善切削过程,但为避免产生带状切屑,合理的前角范围应为8°～l6°.通过对两种方法的分析结果对比,验证了有限元模型的准确性,对实际加工具有一定的指导意义.     

模型大迎角高速动态特性与数据精度分析

为满足新一代高机动飞机气动性能评估、控制系统精确设计与高机动作战指标实现的需求,模型高速风洞大迎角俯仰动态特性探索及其试验数据精度的确定势在必行,且具有十分重要的工程意义。选取70°三角翼模型、SDM和Su-27飞机模型,在FL-24风洞的大振幅俯仰动态试验技术平台上对动态气动特性与试验数据精度进行了研究,获取了70°三角翼模型、SDM和Su-27飞机模型动态气动特性与重复性试验结果。研究结果表明：试验条件下,3种模型的动态数据精度较高,基本达到了高速风洞大迎角常规测力试验数据的精度水平。     

Modelling of galactic Carbon in an asymmetrical heliosphere: Effects of asymmetrical modulation conditions

Observations of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) from the two Voyager spacecraft inside the heliosheath indicate significant differences between them, suggesting that in addition to a possible global asymmetry in the north–south dimensions (meridional plane) of the heliosphere, it is also possible that different modulation (turbulence) conditions could exist between the two hemispheres of the heliosphere. We focus on illustrating the effects on GCR Carbon of asymmetrical modulation conditions combined with a heliosheath thickness that has a significant dependence on heliolatitude. To reflect different modulation conditions between the two heliospheric hemispheres in our numerical model, the enhancement of both polar and radial perpendicular diffusion off the ecliptic plane is assumed to differ from heliographic pole to pole. The computed radial GCR intensities at polar angles of 55° (approximating the Voyager 1 direction) and 125° (approximating the Voyager 2 direction) are compared at different energies and for both particle drift cycles. This is done in the context of illustrating how different values of the enhancement of both polar and radial perpendicular diffusion between the two hemispheres contribute to causing differences in radial intensities during solar minimum and moderate maximum conditions. We find that in the A > 0 cycle these differences between 55° and 125° change both quantitatively and qualitatively for the assumed asymmetrical modulation condition as reflected by polar diffusion, while in the A < 0 cycle, minute quantitative differences are obtained. However, when both polar and radial perpendicular diffusion have significant latitude dependences, major differences in radial intensities between the two polar angles are obtained in both polarity cycles. Furthermore, significant differences in radial intensity gradients obtained in the heliosheath at lower energies may suggest that the solar wind turbulence at and beyond the solar wind termination shock must have a larger latitudinal dependence.     

时域有限差分法连接边界电磁泄漏

用时域有限差分法计算目标的雷达散射截面时,一般用连接边界来引入平面入射波.理想情况下,当总场区没有散射目标时,该区域仅有入射波,散射场区电磁波为0.但在实际计算过程中,散射场区的电磁波一般不会严格等于0,这是因为在连接边界引入入射波时产生了电磁泄漏.一维情形下,用散射场区电场的平方和来衡量电磁泄漏程度.二维情形下,用等效原理将散射场区的电磁场进行远场外推,得到雷达散射截面,以此衡量电磁泄漏的大小.研究表明:时间步长、入射角度都能影响电磁泄漏大小.为使电磁泄漏较小,时间步长应接近于稳定性要求的最小步长,入射方向应避免垂直于计算区域边界.     

太阳表面水平运动驱动的磁圈与开放磁场重联的模拟研究

太阳大气的诸多观测事件(如耀斑、喷流等)均被归因于磁重联产生的能量转换. 近年来, 关于太阳风起源, 有研究提出了磁重联使闭合磁圈开放为太阳风供应物质的新模式. 在该模式中, 闭合磁圈被光球超米粒组织对流携带, 向超米粒边界运动, 与位于边界的开放磁场相碰撞进而发生磁重联. 该模式中磁重联的驱动及其效应是本文的研究目标. 磁流体力学(MHD)数值模拟是研究太阳大气磁重联物理过程的重要途径. 本文建立了一个二维MHD数值模型, 结合太阳大气温度和密度的分层分布, 在超米粒组织尺度上模拟了水平流动驱动的闭合磁圈与开放磁场的重联过程. 通过对模拟结果的定量分析, 认为磁重联确实能够将闭合磁圈的物质释放, 进而供应给新的开放磁结构并产生向上流动. 该结果为进一步模拟研究太阳风初始外流奠定了基础.      

“嫦娥二号”卫星L2点角动量管理

对“嫦娥二号”(CE-2)卫星进入环绕日地拉格朗日L2点的李萨如轨道后卫星喷气卸载所产生的影响进行了研究.提出了一种利用光压力矩辅助卫星太阳电池翼角度调整进行角动量管理的方法.在轨试验表明,太阳光压强度足够对飞行在L2点环绕轨道上的CE-2卫星进行角动量管理,可以大幅度减少动量轮在轨喷气卸载的次数,有利于CE-2卫星的轨道维持.     

中等磁暴太阳周分布的统计研究

依据实际观测的中等磁暴数据,统计分析了中等磁暴的太阳周分布.分析结果表明,在一个太阳活动周内,每年中等磁暴随时间的变化出现多个峰值,其中,最大峰值均出现在太阳活动周的下降段,即中等磁暴的峰值比太阳黑子数平滑年均值的峰值要滞后,滞后的时间为2～3年.超过70%的中等磁暴出现在太阳活动周的下降段,这表明绝大多数中等磁暴出现在太阳活动周的下降段.通过对中等磁暴平滑月均值与太阳黑子数平滑月均值相位差的计算分析发现,中等磁暴峰值出现的时间比太阳黑子数峰值出现的时间要滞后,不同太阳活动周中等磁暴峰值出现的时间与太阳黑子数峰值时间滞后的程度不同.      

单轴台的大角度姿态快速机动联合控制方法

为验证小卫星大角度姿态快速机动与高精度稳定控制能力,基于单轴气浮台硬件仿真环境,提出了一种利用推力器与飞轮组合的联合控制策略.采用相平面控制技术与有限时间控制理论设计控制器,利用推力器实现无超调的快速机动控制,利用飞轮实现有限时间内的高精度稳定控制,使单轴台在有限时间内快速高精度稳定于目标姿态.物理仿真结果表明:该方法在有限时间内完成单轴台快速稳定控制的同时,可有效避免机动过程中的超调现象,且能有效规避推力器的频繁开关与飞轮的过快饱和等问题.     

Comparison of ionosphere characteristic parameters obtained by ionosonde with IRI-2007 model over Southeast Asia

In this work, the foF2 and hmF2 parameters at the conjugate points near the magnetic equator of Southeast Asia are studied and compared with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. Three ionosondes are installed nearly along the magnetic meridian of 100°E; one at the magnetic equator, namely Chumphon (10.72°N, 99.37°E, dip angle 3.0°N), and the other two at the magnetic conjugate points, namely Chiang Mai (18.76°N, 98.93°E, dip angle 12.7°N) and Kototabang (0.2°S, 100.30°E, dip angle 10.1°S). The monthly hourly medians of the foF2 and hmF2 parameters are calculated and compared with the predictions obtained from the IRI-2007 model from January 2004 to February 2007. Our results show that: the variations of foF2 and hmF2 predicted by the IRI-2007 model generally show the similar feature to the observed data. Both parameters generally show better agreement with the IRI predictions during daytime than during nighttime. For foF2, most of the results show that the IRI model overestimates the observed foF2 at the magnetic equator (Chumphon), underestimates at the northern crest (Chiang Mai) and is close to the measured ones at the southern crest of the EIA (Kototabang). For hmF2, the predicted hmF2 values are close to the hmF2(M3000F2_OBS) during daytime. During nighttime, the IRI model gives the underestimation at the magnetic equator and the overestimation at both EIA crests. The results are important for the future improvements of the IRI model for foF2 and hmF2 over Southeast Asia region.     

太阳风——磁层相互作用的磁流体力学数值模拟研究

磁层位于地球空间的最外层, 太阳风与磁层的相互作用是空间天气变化因果链中承上启下的关键环节, 是揭示地球空间天气基本规律的关键科学课题. 地球空间由于时变、多成分、多自由度的关联相互作用,使得传统的理论分析变得非常困难. 数值模拟作为近几十年发展起来的一个新的研究手段,对地球空间的理论和应用研究产生了深刻的影响. 国际上磁层的全球MHD数值模拟工作开始于20世纪70年代末, 最初的研究局限于二维空间. 由于磁层内在的三维特性, 20世纪80年代三维MHD数值模拟工作兴起. 本文简要说明了三维全球磁层MHD (磁流体力学)研究的特点及现状, 给出了三维全球磁层模型的基本框架, 综述了行星际激波与磁层相互作用、大尺度电流体系、重联电压和越极电位、磁层顶K-H不稳定性等方面的太阳风--磁层相互作用的MHD数值模拟的研究进展.