Optimal guidance of extended trajectory shaping

To control missile＇s miss distance as well as terminal impact angle, by involving the timeto-go-nth power in the cost function, an extended optimal guidance law against a constant maneuvering target or a stationary target is proposed using the linear quadratic optimal control theory.An extended trajectory shaping guidance（ETSG） law is then proposed under the assumption that the missile-target relative velocity is constant and the line of sight angle is small. For a lag-free ETSG system, closed-form solutions for the missile＇s acceleration command are derived by the method of Schwartz inequality and linear simulations are performed to verify the closed-form results. Normalized adjoint systems for miss distance and terminal impact angle error are presented independently for stationary targets and constant maneuvering targets, respectively. Detailed discussions about the terminal misses and impact angle errors induced by terminal impact angle constraint, initial heading error, seeker zero position errors and target maneuvering, are performed.     

飞机垂尾抖振响应的飞行试验研究

介绍了国内外垂尾抖振试飞的最新进展情况,并就抖振试飞中可以采用的试飞方法,从理论上进行了分析。飞行试验采用收敛转弯的试飞方法,通过在左、右垂尾上加装的振动加速度传感器,得到了不同马赫数下垂尾的抖振响应情况。在对数据进行均方根分析、时频分析和自功率谱密度分析等方法的基础上建立起抖振响应和迎角、频率的关系后发现：垂尾抖振响应主要集中在垂尾低阶模态频率上;垂尾的抖振响应随迎角、马赫数的增加而增加,其中受迎角的影响大于受马赫数的影响;且飞机在超过初始抖振迎角以后,随迎角的继续增加,垂尾翼尖后缘处的抖振响应显著大于垂尾翼尖前缘位置。     

前缘半径对两个尺度三级压缩楔流场结构影响研究

为研究前缘钝度及模型尺度对流场结构的影响,采用了长度为0.3 m和0.6 m的三级压缩楔模型,前缘半径分别为0,0.5,1,1.5,3 mm,在0.6 m激波风洞中利用高速阴影摄像获得了系列流场结构照片,清晰地显示了激波结构。试验条件为马赫数5.98,总温670 K,总压6.56MPa。数据结果表明,随着前缘半径的增加,第一道激波角增大,第二和第三道激波角减小;存在明显的模型尺度影响,在同等钝度条件下(尖前缘除外),两个尺度模型的第一道激波角相差迭0.4°,第二道和第三道激波角最大可相差0.5°。流场照片显示,在拐角处存在激波边界层干扰,造成第二、三道激波根部弯曲,随前缘半径增加,弯曲程度和影响区域增大。     

大跨距双站交会角的单站观测

在简述短基线相差测距和测角的基础上,利用正弦定理可给出两种大跨距双站交会角的单站测算方法,一种直接利用单站测距,另一种利用虚拟站点处对目标的虚拟测距。误差分析表明,采用虚拟测距的方法能有效提高单站虚拟测角的精度。     

重装空投中出舱速度对货物翻转的影响分析

为了明确出舱速度对货物翻转的影响程度,构建了货物翻转运动轨迹模型,并通过实例在不同出舱速度的条件下对货物最大翻转角进行计算分析,拟合出货物翻转角随出舱速度的变化曲线,实现了货物出舱速度对货物最大翻转角影响的状态可视化。该计算模型可为控制合理的出舱速度范围以提升飞机空投安全提供参考。     

喷射角对超声速燃烧室掺混和燃烧的影响

针对壁面喷射方式,分别在冷态喷流和燃烧工况下探讨了喷射角的变化对超声速流场中的燃料掺混效果及燃烧效率的影响。研究表明:采用带角度喷射能明显减弱壁面垂直喷射导致的强激波,减小激波/边界层干扰带来的总压损失,在燃料掺混特性方面,减小喷射角会降低近场穿透距离,减弱近场的掺混效果,而对中场的穿透深度及掺混效果影响不大,但带角度喷射的远场的穿透深度及掺混不如垂直喷射。所以垂直喷射时,虽然更多的燃料和空气发生掺混,燃烧效率要高于带角度喷射的,但会以牺牲很大的总压为代价,所以在工程中建议采用带角度喷射配合其他喷射方式。     

一种快速自适应角度-多普勒补偿算法

自适应角度-多普勒补偿(Adaptive Angle Doppler Compensation,A2DC)算法可在惯导参数未知的情况下解决非正侧视阵列中由杂波距离相关性引起的非均匀问题,但该算法运算量大、工程实现困难.本文首先对A2 DC算法的基本工作原理进行了深入的分析,在此基础上,针对算法运算量大的缺点,将分块处理...     

Three-dimensional Large Landing Angle Guidance Based on Two-dimensional Guidance Laws

 Both the design process and form of the three-dimensional (3D) suboptimal guidance law (3DSGL) are very complex. Therefore, we propose the use of two-dimensional (2D) guidance laws to meet the guidance requirements of 3D space. By analyzing the relationship between the flight-path angle and its projections on OXY and OXZ planes, we obtain the ideal design requirements of the guidance laws. Based on the requirements, we design a 2D suboptimal guidance law used in the horizontal plane; combining the 2D vertical suboptimal guidance law, we create a whole ballistic simulation of six degree-of-freedom. The results are compared with those using other three guidance modes in the case of large windage of the initial azimuth angle. When the proportional navigation guidance (PNG) law is used in the horizontal planes, the landing angle will obviously decrease. With the proposed guidance mode, the large landing angle can be realized and meet the guidance precision requirements. Moreover, the required overload can decrease to meet the control requirement. The effects of the proposed guidance mode are close to that of 3DSGL despite its very simple form.     

采用框架角受限控制力矩陀螺的航天器姿态机动控制

以框架角受限的金字塔构型控制力矩陀螺(CMG)为执行机构,研究了航天器欧拉姿态机动控制问题.考虑控制力矩及航天器角速度约束等因素,对已有的姿态机动控制律进行了改进,使其能实现绕欧拉轴的大角度姿态机动.同时考虑力矩陀螺框架角受限情况,通过适当加入空转指令对框架角进行重构,设计了复合控制形式的控制力矩陀螺操纵律,并通过过渡...     

太阳能火箭发动机聚光器设计研究

从工程实际出发对工程上常用的聚光器进行性能比较,可以得出适合太阳能火箭发动机(STP)的聚光器及其具有的性能优点。在研究此种聚光器设计方法的过程中,推导出相关公式和其中的关键技术,这对STP聚光器的工程设计具有重要的指导价值。