Bootstrap方法的几点思考

通过对自助统计量统计特性的分析，对Bootstrap方法的应用进行了研究。指出在应用Bootstrap方法时，尤其在小子样条件下应注意的几个问题。     

小发直流燃烧室扩压器和火焰筒匹配的数值模拟

采用数值模拟方法对某小发直流燃烧室扩压器和火焰筒匹配下的流场进行了计算和分析,用双方程k-ε模型描述紊流特性,用二步化学反应模型模拟化学反应,用空气流量分配作为火焰筒内外流场联合求解的桥梁,引入边界结点类型说明数组帮助复杂边界条件的处理。计算结果表明燃烧室环腔间形成两个强烈的回流区,内、外环腔流场极不对称,并且具有较强的三维性;前置扩压器倾斜角度是影响燃烧室流场和性能的最重要因素。      

小突片强化混合研究

测试了亚声速 （Ｍａ＝ ０．３５） 下小突片 （Ｔａｂｓ） 对轴对称收缩喷管射流的强化混合效果, 并探讨了小突片安装个数、后倾角度、堵塞比等因素对强化混合作用的影响。结果表明, 小突片对喷管射流的混合具有显著的强化作用, 不仅使下游流场发生显著变形, 使核心流的衰减显著加快（核心流长度从５Ｄ 降至大约１．５Ｄ）, 还使引射系数显著增加（本文中最大增加到２．７ 倍）。     

预旋进气小尺寸涡轮叶片冷却的流动换热

为了获得一种具有直通式冷气预旋进气系统的小型燃气轮机涡轮叶片的流动与换热特性,采用气热耦合计算方法进行数值研究,分析了总压损失、冷却效果和涡轮效率随预旋角、冷气雷诺数和无量纲质量流量的变化规律。结果表明,涡轮叶片预旋进气冷却的总压损失随冷气雷诺数和无量纲质量流量的增大而增大,但基本不受预旋角大小的影响;涡轮叶片的冷却效果随预旋角的减小、冷气雷诺数或无量纲质量流量的增大而增强,但不会改变其表面的温度分布特征;预旋进气冷却时的涡轮效率随冷气雷诺数的增大、预旋角或无量纲质量流量的减小而提高。     

针对FPGA内缺陷成团的电路可靠性设计研究

文章分析了集成电路内缺陷成团机理及其对集成电路成品率的影响 ,应用集成电路成品率预计模型 ,分析了FPGA内缺陷成团对片内冗余容错电路可靠性的影响 ,据此提出了缺陷成团时提高FPGA片内冗余容错电路可靠性的策略 ,建立了相应的可靠性分析模型 ,给出了FPGA片内冗余容错电路布局的一些指导原则。     

坚持因地因校制宜——中国民航飞行学院后勤改革实践与模式探索

高校后勤社会化改革推行10年以来,目前中小城市高校后勤改革由于位处地理环境的客观条件,面临的社会市场有限,大部分中小城市高校后勤社会化改革在管理体制和运行机制上有待实现突破。本文以位处中小城市的中国民航飞行学院后勤改革实践为例,介绍其改革现状,研究其存在的问题,并提出了今后后勤改革的对策和建议,探索为其他中小城市高校后勤改革提供一种可以借鉴参考的模式。     

小卫星动量轮非线性特性建模与仿真方法

动量轮是三轴稳定卫星姿态控制的关键执行部件。由于小卫星本身的转动惯量较小，微弱的干扰力矩有可能导致整个卫星控制系统性能下降。因此，建立一个基于动量轮实际物理特性的理论仿真模型对小卫星姿态控制系统设计至关重要。本文提出了一种多输入多输出非线性建模方法，并给出了基于SIMULINK的动量轮物理特性仿真模型。该模型可以同时输出动量轮所有特征参数的实时值。最后，通过开环和闭环控制数值仿真，对模型进行了验证。数值实验结果与实际物理部件的测试结果一致。本方法可以为小卫星姿控系统的仿真提供一个有效的、精确的、可以直接应用的部件级模型。     

新型双脚步推式微型进给机构的研究

相对于传统“尺蠖式”进给原理，模仿人走路的方式，提出“双脚步推式”进给原理。利用压电元件为驱动源，研制出在大范围内，具有很高分辨力，同时能够连续平稳进给的微型进给机构。该机构的优点概括为：１）不论压电元件的电致伸缩量是多么的有限，利用“双脚步推式”进给原理，可以实现连续平稳的大范围进给；２）在开环控制状态下，该机构能够得到高于０．１μｍ的位移分辨力；３）系统结构简单，控制容易，性能稳定。     

Impact effects from small size meteoroids and space debris

When the impact risk from meteoroids and orbital debris is assessed the main concern is usually structural damage. With their high impact velocities of typically 10–20 km/s millimeter or centimeter sized objects can puncture pressure vessels and other walls or lead to destruction of complete subsystems or even whole spacecraft. Fortunately chances of collisions with such larger objects are small (at least at present). However, particles in the size range 1–100 μm are far more abundant than larger objects and every orbiting spacecraft will encounter them with certainty. Every solar cell (8 cm² area) of the Hubble Space Telescope encountered on average 12 impacts during its 8.25 years of space exposure. Most were from micron sized particles.     

Jitter reduction of a reaction wheel by management of angular momentum using magnetic torquers in nano- and micro-satellites

Nowadays, nano- and micro-satellites, which are smaller than conventional large satellites, provide access to space to many satellite developers, and they are attracting interest as an application of space development because development is possible over shorter time period at a lower cost. In most of these nano- and micro-satellite missions, the satellites generally must meet strict attitude requirements for obtaining scientific data under strict constraints of power consumption, space, and weight. In many satellite missions, the jitter of a reaction wheel degrades the performance of the mission detectors and attitude sensors; therefore, jitter should be controlled or isolated to reduce its effect on sensor devices. In conventional standard-sized satellites, tip-tilt mirrors (TTMs) and isolators are used for controlling or isolating the vibrations from reaction wheels; however, it is difficult to use these devices for nano- and micro-satellite missions under the strict power, space, and mass constraints. In this research, the jitter of reaction wheels is reduced by using accurate sensors, small reaction wheels, and slow rotation frequency reaction wheel instead of TTMs and isolators. The objective of a reaction wheel in many satellite missions is the management of the satellite’s angular momentum, which increases because of attitude disturbances. If the magnitude of the disturbance is reduced in orbit or on the ground, the magnitude of the angular momentum that the reaction wheels gain from attitude disturbances in orbit becomes smaller; therefore, satellites can stabilize their attitude using only smaller reaction wheels or slow rotation speed, which cause relatively smaller vibration. In nano- and micro-satellite missions, the dominant attitude disturbance is a magnetic torque, which can be cancelled by using magnetic actuators. With the magnetic compensation, the satellite reduces the angular momentum that the reaction wheels gain, and therefore, satellites do not require large reaction wheels and higher rotation speed, which cause jitter. As a result, the satellite can reduce the effect of jitter without using conventional isolators and TTMs. Hence, the satellites can achieve precise attitude control under low power, space, and mass constraints using this proposed method. Through the example of an astronomical observation mission using nano- and micro-satellites, it is demonstrated that the jitter reduction using small reaction wheels is feasible in nano- and micro-satellites.