固溶前退火处理对2050铝锂合金冷轧薄板力学性能与组织的影响

采用拉伸性能测试、电子背散射衍射分析(EBSD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM),研究了固溶前退火处理(300℃/4 h,400℃/2 h)对2050铝锂合金冷轧薄板T8时效后力学性能、晶粒组织和析出相的影响。研究结果表明:固溶前退火处理导致2050铝锂合金冷轧薄板固溶态不完全再结晶数量增多,晶粒长厚比增大,小角度晶界比例增加,同时使合金Goss织构密度增大。T8时效后主要强化相为T_1相和θ′相。固溶前退火处理可导致后续T8时效时T_1相在不同{111}_(Al)面上析出差异,其中部分{111}_(Al)面上T_1相析出减少,而预拉伸变形时承受高分切应力{111}_(Al)面上T_1相析出增加,从而影响合金的力学性能。固溶前300℃/4 h退火处理可使T8时效后合金屈服强度和抗拉强度提高,伸长率基本保持不变。     

基于模拟退火算法的防空作战布局优化

在防空导弹武器系统的作战布局优化中使用模拟退火算法,选取适当的 Ｂｏｌｔｚｍ ａｎｎ 常数, 结合基于随机服务系统理论的作战效能分析数学模型,得到了较为快捷的定量优化武器系统作战布局的方法。     

模拟退火算法和遗传算法在航空直流测速发电机优化设计中的应用与性能比较

 结合某航空永磁直流测速发电机的优化设计 ,论述了模拟退火算法和遗传算法的启发式特点、运行过程 ,说明模拟退火算法和遗传算法是电机较为理想的最优设计方法     

基于改进的粒子群优化算法的无人作战飞机航路规划

事先针对敌方防御区内的威胁部署和目标的分布情况,对无人作战飞机的飞行航路进行整体规划设计,可以综合减小被敌方发现和反击的可能性、降低耗油量,从而显著提高UCAV执行对地攻击(或侦察)任务的成功率.在对粒子群优化技术研究的基础上,将一种用于解决TSP的PSO算法加以改进,引入模拟退火的策略思想,借以克服PSO算法易陷局部最优的早熟现象,并在UCAV航路规划中加以运用.仿真实验表明,该算法简易而有效,用其优化出的航路能够满足UCAV飞行任务规划的需要.     

基于任务聚类的多星观测调度方法

星上传感器侧摆次数有限,在卫星观测调度时进行任务聚类可以节省资源,提高观测效率.提出了动态聚类调度算法(DCSA)来解决多星多轨道圈次的观测调度问题,DCSA把聚类和调度动态结合起来,并使用模拟退火算法搜索全局最优解;分析了在满足分辨率需求前提下多任务聚类的约束条件,并对聚类任务的侧摆角度和时间窗口进行合理优化;根据任...     

微量Er对Al-Mg-Mn合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用半连续铸造法制备Al-6.8Mg-0.3Mn和Al-6.8Mg-0.3Mn-0.4Er(质量分数,%)两种合金铸锭。合金铸锭经均匀化处理—多道次热轧成4mm薄板;研究不同退火温度下微量Er对Al-Mg-Mn合金微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加微量Er能显著提高Al-Mg-Mn合金强度,改善合金强度和塑性的配合,能明显提高合金的抗再结晶能力和室温力学性能;Al-Mg-Mn-Er合金板材经300℃退火1h后可获得理想的综合力学性能,其σb、σs与ψ分别为421MPa,310MPa和18.3%。     

基于探索区域扩张策略的Q-学习算法

针对Q-学习算法中探索与利用之间的平衡问题，在基于Metropolis准则的Q-学习的基础上，提出了基于探索区域扩张策略的Q-学习改进算法。消除了初始时刻在整个环境中加入探索的盲目性。提高了学习效率。通过加入算法的自主学习结束条件，避免了找到最优路径后的重复学习，节省了学习时间。仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。     

解批量问题的模拟退火算法

多品种、有能力约束的批量问题是多品种批量生产中生产计划的关键性问题.这一问题就是要确定:在每一期生产多少产品以使得所用费用最少且满足已知的每一期的需求量.本文设计了一种模拟退火算法的实现形式,通过大量的算例分析表明,该算法具有良好的寻优特性与运算效率.      

Phobos regolith simulants PGI-1 and PCA-1

The Martian moon Phobos is the target of the upcoming JAXA Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission. There are currently no known samples of Phobos, so spacecraft hardware testing and scientific studies require Phobos regolith simulants. Here, we present two new Phobos regolith simulants: Phobos Captured Asteroid-1 (PCA-1) and Phobos Giant Impact (PGI-1). These two simulants reflect the two hypotheses for Phobos’s formation, and thus the two broad possibilities for composition. This work follows previous efforts to document the development of mineralogically accurate simulants, in an effort to overcome past pitfalls with inappropriate uses of simulants. We report physical and geotechnical properties of PCA-1 and PGI-1, including their reflectance spectra, grain size distributions, abrasivity, cohesion, strength, and hardness. Our intent is for PCA-1 and PGI-1 to be open standards for Phobos simulants, and we present the simulant recipes and production methodology for use and modification by the community.     

Signs of Müller cell gliotic response found in the retina of newts exposed to real and simulated microgravity

The effects of real and simulated microgravity on the eye tissue regeneration of newts were investigated. For the first time changes in Müller glial cells in the retina of eyes regenerating after retinal detachment were detected in newts exposed to clinorotation. The cells divided, were hypertrophied, and their processes were thickened. Such changes suggested reactive gliosis and were more significant in animals exposed to rotation when compared with desk-top controls. Later experiments onboard the Russian biosatellite Bion-11 showed similar changes in the retinas that were regenerating in a two-week spaceflight. In the Bion-11 animals, GFAP, the major structural protein of retinal macroglial cells, was found to be upregulated. In a more recent experiment onboard Foton-M3 (2007), GFAP expression in retinas of space-flown, ground control (kept at 1 g), and basal control (sacrificed on launch day) newts was quantified, using microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and digital image analysis. A low level of immunoreactivity was observed in basal controls. In contrast, retinas of space-flown animals showed greater GFAP immunoreactivity associated with both an increased cell number and a higher thickness of intermediate filaments. This, in turn, was accompanied by up-regulation of stress protein (HSP90) and growth factor (FGF2) expressions. It can be postulated that such a response of Müller cells was to mitigate the retinal stress in newts exposed to microgravity. Taken together, the data suggest that the retinal population of macroglial cells could be sensitive to gravity changes and that in space it can react by enhancing its neuroprotective function.