Consideration on aircraft tire spray when running on wet runways

The tire spray produced by aircraft running on wet runways may enter the intake of engines, which may lead to the compressor stall, surge, or even combustion flameout. Therefore, it is necessary to do some research work on the tire spray to help to solve this problem. Firstly, the mechanism of tire spray is analyzed, and some parameters are defined to describe the spray pattern. Secondly, the numerical model of tire spray is established by coupled Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) and Finite Element Method (FEM) in LS-DYNA software, and the model is validated by a simplified water spray experiment. Then some influence factors on the spray pattern are studied by numerical simulation. Finally, some suggestions are proposed on different types of aircraft to avoid too much tire spray being ingested into the engine intakes.     

A robust star identification algorithm with star shortlisting

A star tracker provides the most accurate attitude solution in terms of arc seconds compared to the other existing attitude sensors. When no prior attitude information is available, it operates in “Lost-In-Space (LIS)” mode. Star pattern recognition, also known as star identification algorithm, forms the most crucial part of a star tracker in the LIS mode. Recognition reliability and speed are the two most important parameters of a star pattern recognition technique. In this paper, a novel star identification algorithm with star ID shortlisting is proposed. Firstly, the star IDs are shortlisted based on worst-case patch mismatch, and later stars are identified in the image by an initial match confirmed with a running sequential angular match technique. The proposed idea is tested on 16,200 simulated star images having magnitude uncertainty, noise stars, positional deviation, and varying size of the field of view. The proposed idea is also benchmarked with the state-of-the-art star pattern recognition techniques. Finally, the real-time performance of the proposed technique is tested on the 3104 real star images captured by a star tracker SST-20S currently mounted on a satellite. The proposed technique can achieve an identification accuracy of 98% and takes only 8.2?ms for identification on real images. Simulation and real-time results depict that the proposed technique is highly robust and achieves a high speed of identification suitable for actual space applications.     

压力波对垂直管低温气液掺混冷凝的影响

为了分析高压补燃液氧煤油发动机氧泵间管内气液两相掺混冷凝及其压力波传播过程,建立了可产生压力扰动的垂直管低温气液两相掺混实验系统,以氧气/液氧为实验工质,开展压力波对垂直管内低温气液两相掺混冷凝的影响研究,获得了不同压力波频率和氧气流量工况下的掺混图像,分析结果表明:压力波会使发散流型由微弱振荡冷凝向间歇振荡冷凝转变,使椭圆流型由稳定冷凝向振荡冷凝转变;在0~52 Hz不同频率压力波作用下,发散流型最大轴向冷凝长度与掺混孔径之比在10~30之间,椭圆流型的比值在8~15之间变化;压力波对气相摆动频率起主导性和正相关性的影响。     

广义RCS及近场电磁散射建模应用

根据电磁场叠加原理,给出了一种与观测天线无关的广义雷达散射截面(RCS)定义,引入对称极化等多种极化散射特征量,计算了近距离观测时金属平板目标的极化RCS曲线;根据广义RCS的定义,在近场电磁散射建模中分解照射场和合成接收,提出了一种有效的近场电磁散射建模方法,并比较了采用方向图等效近似和场分解合成两种方法计算的金属平...     

用C#构造可复用软件体系结构

以提高软件的复用性为目的,提出了一种用C#语言在.NET平台上,通过反射技术和XML配置文件,构造可复用软件体系结构的方案,并给出了具体的分析和实现代码。     

空间机械臂视觉相机内参标定技术研究

针对空间机械臂视觉相机的任务需求与配置,内参标定技术是相机高精度获取合作目标位置、方向等运动信息的首要前提和重要保障。文章设计了一种基于二维平面靶的机械臂相机内参标定方法,用于解算焦距、主点坐标、畸变系数等。首先,利用相机拍摄多幅平面靶图像,求解平面靶与相机图像之间的映射矩阵;其次,构建相机内参约束方程;再次,利用特征值分解,解算焦距、主点坐标等参数值;最后,引入径向、切向畸变构建非线性模型,将解得的内参作为初值,利用Levenberg-Marquardt优化算法即可计算出相机内参最优解。试验结果表明,该方法完全适用于机械臂相机内参标定,标定结果均满足机械臂视觉相机获取合作目标三维位姿的测量精度要求。     

基于约束线图的超导重力梯度敏感结构型综合

基于约束线图对超导重力梯度敏感结构进行型综合,分析轴向分量与交叉分量单独敏感的结构自由度与约束线图,并结合超导重力梯度测量应用提出两分量同时敏感的结构,利用自由度与约束线图确定约束类型,等效为柔性圆柱副,并选择柔性元件进行并联机构形式的布局.在型综合的基础上,通过模态仿真对比,得到两端与柔性球铰联接的刚性杆结构适于在两分量敏感结构中应用的结论.刚度特性仿真分析结果表明两分量敏感结构具有设计运动方向刚度小、寄生运动方向刚度大、运动耦合小的特点,适于在超导重力梯度测量系统中应用.     

铝合金平板超高速撞击声发射信号S2模态特征分析

对铝合金平板上形成的超高速撞击(HVI)声发射(AE)信号S2模态的特征进行研究,分析其与损伤模式之间的关系。以3 mm厚5A06铝合金平板为研究对象,通过数值仿真获得不同撞击工况下的超高速撞击声发射信号,提取信号中的S2模态,并分析其幅值、能量、频谱等特征。结果表明,S2模态能量随传播距离呈指数衰减;分别随撞击弹丸直径和撞击速度的增加先下降后上升,且在弹丸直径与靶板厚度相近、临界撞击速度时最低。S2模态的中心频率随弹丸直径的增加而降低;随撞击速度的增加而增加;随传播距离的增加向1500 kHz移动。S2模态小波包系数呈凹性的频域范围分别随撞击速度和弹丸直径的增大变窄。在此基础上,当靶板形成穿孔损伤时,可根据S2模态的中心频率推测弹丸的直径;在传播距离和弹丸直径已知的前提下,可根据S2模态小波包系数呈凹性的频域范围推测撞击速度。     

弧齿锥齿轮印痕稳定性优化设计与试验

为了改善弧齿锥齿轮印痕的稳定性,提出了印痕敏感性系数的优化设计方法.首先,参数化齿面印痕,并分析等效错位量对印痕参数的影响;定义了印痕参数相对于错位量的敏感性系数,建立基于印痕面积和印痕水平位置的敏感性系数之和最小的数学模型,优化小轮机床调整参数,获得具有稳定印痕的齿面.算例的仿真结果表明:在一定的错位量范围内,优化后齿面印痕的敏感性系数之和减小了,改善了印痕的敏感性;印痕发展试验验证了齿面印痕在实际工况下的稳定性.      

星载SAR全方位模糊特性及计算方法

常规的星载SAR模糊度计算方法是基于距离向一维方向图和方位向一维方向图,独立进行距离向模糊度和方位向模糊度分析.由于星载SAR对地观测是二维的,因此距离模糊度是全方位的,且真实的模糊能量仅来自于距离向模糊信号,方位向模糊是基于距离向模糊信号的基础上由于成像处理导致的模糊信号重组.为解决系统设计时预估分析的距离向模糊度值...