过渡区侧向喷流干扰的并行DSMC数值模拟研究

在高空低密度环境,空间飞行器的控制面效率下降较快,反作用控制系统(RCS)作为改变飞行姿态或轨道的直接力系得到大量应用,为了精确预测高空RCS喷流与稀薄大气的干扰效应,本文建立了直角与表面非结构网格混合结构的DSMC数值算法以及网格自适应算法,保证了碰撞分子是在自适应后的亚网格内选取,提高了计算精度.采用静态随机负载平衡技术构建了并行DSMC代码,计算分析了不同压比条件下的三维平板模型侧向喷流与稀薄大气的干扰流场.计算的复杂流场结构和表面流动特征、分离长度与低密度风洞试验有较好的一致性.在保持来流参数不变的情况下,喷流干扰区的分离长度及喷流透射高度随着喷流压比的增大而增大.随着来流稀薄度的增加,来流对喷流的影响越来越弱,而喷流自身的影响区域却越来越大.     

亚声速S弯进气道研究的新进展

当前推进系统与飞行器正朝着高度融合的方向发展,超紧凑蛇形进气道和边界层吸入式进气道则是实现两者融合的关键之一。本文综述了近十余年来国内外关于这两类亚声速S弯进气道的最新研究进展。受显著横向压力梯度、流向逆压梯度的作用,两类进气道内部均存在明显的流动分离,并诱发了大尺度的流向对涡和显著的出口总压畸变。为此,研究者发展了被动式、主动式、混合式等多种流动控制方法,可在不显著降低总压恢复系数的前提下,大幅降低设计工况时出口周向总压畸变。并且,已经建立可适应任意异形进口的S弯进气道气动型面通用设计方法。最后,已有的CFD方法可以较为准确地预测AIP截面平均总压恢复系数,但畸变指数偏差较大。     

轴流压气机近失速及旋转失速全通道数值模拟

为研究轴流压气机失速起始的动态过程,对某两级低速轴流压气机的第1级进行整环全通道模拟.结果表明:在近失速点流场中存在周向大尺度的速度波动,该波动与静子叶排首先出现的周向不均匀分布的叶背附面层分离密切相关,并且随着压气机进一步节流,波动幅值逐渐增大,最终诱发转子若干通道出现严重附面层分离,堵塞流道,压气机进入旋转失速.失速团完全发展后的转动频率与试验结果吻合较好.      

整体叶盘叶片磨抛工艺参数优化

以整体叶盘作为加工对象,为提高其叶片表面加工质量,降低表面粗糙度,展开整体叶盘磨抛工艺参数(如砂带粒度、砂带线速度、进给速度)的优化.首先,进行整体叶盘数控磨抛试验,其次,应用信噪比优化磨抛工艺参数,最后,选最优工艺参数对整体叶盘进行磨抛试验,加工表面测量结果表明,整体叶盘表面粗糙度显著降低,满足叶盘表面加工质量要求.     

Evaluating the robustness of the enantioselective stationary phases on the Rosetta mission against space vacuum vaporization

The European Space Agency’s Rosetta mission was launched in March 2004 in order to reach comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by August 2014. The Cometary Sampling and Composition experiment (COSAC) onboard the Rosetta mission’s lander “Philae” has been designed for the cometary in situ detection and quantification of organic molecules using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The GC unit of COSAC is equipped with eight capillary columns that will each provide a specific stationary phase for molecular separation. Three of these stationary phases will be used to chromatographically resolve enantiomers, as they are composed of liquid polymers of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to which chiral valine or cyclodextrin units are attached. Throughout the ten years of Rosetta’s journey through space to reach comet 67P, these liquid stationary phases have been exposed to space vacuum, as the capillary columns within the COSAC unit were not sealed or filled with carrier gas. Long term exposures to space vacuum can cause damage to such liquid stationary phases as key monomers, volatiles, and chiral selectors can be vaporized and lost in transit. We have therefore exposed identical spare units of COSAC’s chiral stationary phases over eight years to vacuum conditions mimicking those experienced in space and we have now investigated their resolution capabilities towards different enantiomers both before and after exposure to space vacuum environments. We have observed that enantiomeric resolution capabilities of these chiral liquid enantioselective stationary phases has not been affected by exposure to space vacuum conditions. Thus we conclude that the three chiral stationary phases of the COSAC experiment onboard the Rosetta mission lander “Philae” can be considered to have maintained their resolution capacities throughout their journey prior to cometary landing in November 2014.     

A substitute for BOC modulation based on SS-CPM

CPM (continuous phase modulation) has been widely used in the field of satellite communication, which has high spectrum efficiency and constant envelope. This paper explores the applicability of CPM to satellite navigation. A SS-CPM (Spread-Spectrum CPM) modulation is investigated. The SS-CPM with tuned parameters can resemble the spectrum of Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) modulation and yields comparable performance in terms of tracking accuracy, multipath mitigation, anti-jamming, and compatibility. The BOC-like SS-CPM signal maintains the constant envelope at transmission and less out-band emission in radio determination satellite service (RDSS) band, which provides a reference modulation for COMPASS satellite navigation signal.     

Molecular analysis of the graviperception signal transduction in the flagellate Euglena gracilis: Involvement of a transient receptor potential-like channel and a calmodulin

Euglena gracilis, a unicellular, photosynthetic flagellate is a model system for environmentally controlled behavior responses. The organism shows pronounced negative gravitaxis. This movement is based on physiological mechanisms, which in the past had been only indirectly assessed. It was shown that mechano-sensitive calcium channels are involved in the gravitaxis response. Recent studies have demonstrated that members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family function as mechano-sensitive channels in several different cell types. We have sequenced part of a TRP gene in Euglena and applied RNA interference (RNAi) to confirm that these channels are involved in graviperception. It was found that RNAi against the putative TRP channel abolished gravitaxis. The genes of three calmodulins were sequences in Euglena, one of which was previously known in its protein structure (cal 1). The other two were unknown (cal 2 and cal 3). Cal 2 has been analyzed in detail. The biosynthesis of the corresponding proteins of cal 1 and cal 2 was inhibited by means of RNA interference to see whether this blockage impairs gravitaxis. RNAi of cal 1 leads to a long-term loss of free swimming in the cells (while euglenoid movement persists). It induced pronounced cell form aberrations and the division of cells was hampered. After recovery from RNAi the cell showed precise negative gravitaxis again. Thus cal 1 does not seem to be involved in gravitaxis. In contrast, the blockage of cal 2 has no pronounced influence on motility and cell form but leads to a complete loss of gravitactic orientation for more than 30 days showing that this calmodulin is an element in the signal transduction chain. The data are discussed in the context of the current model of the gravitaxis signal transduction chain in Euglena gracilis.     

烧蚀外形三维粘性流场数值模拟

本文通过求解层流Navier-Stokes方程,数值模拟了三维奶头型烧蚀外形粘性流场。差分格式为Yee和Harten的迎风隐式TVD格式,在空间方向具有二阶精度。计算得到了高质量的激波和合理的流场结构。物面压力分布与实验结果进行比较,符合较好。     

超声速翼—身组合体Euler方程数值解

本文采用MacCormack二步显式差分格式,用空向推进法给出了超声速翼-身组合体Euler方程的数值解。应用薄翼假设生成简易的多区网格。采用Kentzer方案处理边界。计算中通过对横流速度型的修正改善了背风面压力分布特性,解决了推进中断问题,同时模拟出背风涡。     

大气紊流对飞机投放外挂的影响

 本文建立了在大气紊流作用下飞机或外挂的运动方程,阐述了考虑母机流场气动干扰时外挂所受的气动力和力矩的计算方法,提出了外挂投放后计算相对母机的运动轨迹和判断安全性的方法,最后以某歼击机投放机身下空副油箱为例,检验了在大气紊流场中投放该外挂的安全性。