基于ICCD的空间微光成像系统成像性能研究

研究基于像增强型CCD（ICCD）的空间高分辨率微光成像系统的成像性能。通过理论推导及数学仿真的方法，对系统在微光条件下的能量传递、极限分辨力、信噪比以及调制传递函数进行分析计算。研究表明，系统在黎明照度条件下具有较好探测能力，通过对ICCD器件制冷可以有效提高系统信噪比，实现满月照度的探测成像。     

小波变换在检测继电器内小颗粒中的应用

本文叙述了小波变换的原理、性质及算法，介绍了小波变换模的极大值与信号突变之间的关系。最后，沿模极值链成功地把继电器内小颗粒被激振后的瞬时冲击响应信号从背景噪声中提取出来。并作了实验统计来证明其可行性。这对继电器内小颗粒检测系统实现智能化、自动化很有意义。     

振动信号谱估计的低频畸变

本文以航天运载器为例,分析了实测振动信号功率谱的低频畸变现象。指出用基于FFT的周期图方法对长度很短的样本作谱估计时,分辨率太低和数据窗不合适是低频畸变的主要原因。文中讨论了纠正低频畸变的方法,给出了消除低频畸变的实例,结果是令人满意的。 本文还提出了谱分析中“可信分析频带”的概念。认为一次(帧)分析中的上下限频率之比必须小于某个值;凡不满足上述条件的处理结果,低频段的功率谱密度值都是值得怀疑的。     

观察方向差分约束的自适应数字波束形成算法

介绍利用自适应数字波束形成技术对接收信号进行空域滤波，讨论了一种修的Ｇｒａｍ－Ｓｃｈｍｉｄｔ自适应零点形成算法，以适应连续波体制雷达对付有源干扰。仿真结果表明，本抗干扰措施可有效抑制副瓣有源干扰。     

航天微波辐射计

介绍六种形式的航天微波辐射计的工作原理和各种技术参数，并给出相应的方框图，阐述各种形式的微波辐射计的灵敏度和噪声温度的计算方法，比较这些微波辐射计的优缺点及其适用的场合。     

微分变压器用于宽频数字信号隔离

用微分变压器取代积分变压器实现数字信号隔离，不仅有利于箭上设备小型化，还可提高隔离性能，改善电磁兼容（ＥＭＣ）性。文中分析了积分变压器隔离电路的缺点和局限性。展宽频域下限的一种有效途径是使用微分变压器，它的工作条件易于满足，可小型化，且频率下限低至毫赫级。文中给出了计算公式和电路。为了恢复变形的波形，给出了迟滞整形电路，本方案优点是增强了抗干扰能力，提高测量精度，延长传输距离。     

Properties of transit trajectory in the restricted three and four-body problem

In the restricted three-body problem if the Jacobi constant is just below the value corresponding to Lagrangian point only a little neck exists around the equilibrium point and capture trajectories are indicated as low-energy. Capture properties depend on the dynamics around these critical points and qualitative results can be obtained using linearized systems. In this paper, to study transit trajectory properties in the restricted three and four-body problem, the Earth–Moon–Sun–Satellite system is considered as example and studied using different models. In the circular restricted three-body problem (Earth–Moon–Satellite), transit, non transit and asymptotic trajectories, are easily identified by using the principal reference frame. Dynamics around Lagrangian point are then studied introducing the Moon eccentricity into the elliptical restricted three-body model. A preferential region for transit orbit is individuated and studied as a function of eigenvalue properties. To introduce the Sun effect, the bi-circular four-body model is considered and dynamics around Lagrangian points studied as a function of angular distance between Earth–Sun and Earth–Moon line. Finally, results obtained in the elliptical three-body model and bi-circular four-body model, are compared with numerical simulations using real Sun–Moon–Earth ephemeris.     

Study of the 28 October 2003 and 20 January 2005 solar flares by means of 2.223 MeV gamma-emission line

By the data on intensity-time profiles of the neutron capture line of 2.223 MeV we have studied some characteristics of two solar flares, 28 October 2003 and 20 January 2005 (INTEGRAL and CORONAS-F observations, respectively). The SINP code was applied making allowance for the main processes of neutron interactions and deceleration in the solar plasma, character of neutron source, losses of neutrons and density model of the solar atmosphere. Comparison of the computed time profiles of 2.223 MeV line with observed ones for the flare of 28 October 2003 confirms the results obtained earlier for three other flares. Namely, the effect of density enhancement (EDE) in the sub-flare region, as well as the variations (hardening) of accelerated particle spectrum in the course of the event have been confirmed. The usual modeling procedure by the SINP code, however, seems to be inapplicable to the event of 20 January 2005. Possible causes of density enhancements during some flares and peculiarities of the 20 January 2005 flare are discussed.     

Contingency and recovery options for the European Student Moon Orbiter

This paper presents an overview of the analysis performed on the lunar orbit and some of the possible contingencies for the European Student Moon Orbiter (ESMO). Originally scheduled for launch in 2014 –2015 as a piggyback payload, it was the only ESA planned mission to the Moon. By way of a weak stability boundary transfer, ESMO is inserted into an orbit around the Moon. Propellant use is at a premium, so the operational orbit is selected to be highly eccentric. In addition, an optimization is presented to achieve an orbit that is stable for 6 months without requiring orbit maintenance. A parameter study is undertaken to study the sensitivity of the lunar orbit insertion. A database of transfer solutions across 2014 and 2015 is used to study the relation between the robustness of weak capture and the planetary geometry at lunar arrival. A number of example recovery scenarios, where the orbit insertion maneuver partially or completely fails, are also considered.     

A novel signal processing approach for LEO space debris based on a fence-type space surveillance radar system

The increase in space debris can seriously threaten regular activities in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) environment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop robust, efficient and reliable techniques to understand the potential motions of the LEO debris. In this paper, we propose a novel signal processing approach to detect and estimate the motions of LEO space debris that is based on a fence-type space surveillance radar system. Because of the sparse distribution of the orbiting debris through the fence in our observations, we formulate the signal detection and the motion parameter estimation as a sparse signal reconstruction problem with respect to an over-complete dictionary. Moreover, we propose a new scheme to reduce the size of the original over-complete dictionary without the loss of the important information. This new scheme is based on a careful analysis of the relations between the acceleration and the directions of arrival for the corresponding LEO space debris. Our simulation results show that the proposed approach can achieve extremely good performance in terms of the accuracy for detection and estimation. Furthermore, our simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the approach in scenarios with a low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and the super-resolution properties. We hope our signal processing approach can stimulate further work on monitoring LEO space debris.