基于存储测试技术的强冲击波测量系统的设计与应用

针对有线式测量系统在弹药静爆威力试验中存在的问题,提出了一种基于存储测试技术的解决方案,描述了按照该方案研制的强冲击波测量系统的系统组成、结构和工作原理,并结合弹药静爆试验证明了该方案的可行性。     

超声振动切削中的自动调谐技术研究

在超声振动切削中,由于系统的发热及加工负载的变化,机械谐振系统的谐振频率会在较大范围内发生变化.若超声波电源的工作频率不能自动跟踪机械系统的谐振频率,超声振动切削就无法持续稳定地进行.为了解决上述问题,分析了超声振动切削系统的组成,剖析了系统中超声换能器的电阻抗特性,提出了根据换能器中电压和电流的相位差来调整超声波电源工作频率的自动调谐方法,并设计了相应的自动调谐系统.试验结果表明:该自动调谐方法在加工条件变化的情况下能使切削系统始终工作在谐振状态,实现连续稳定的振动切削.      

跨音速机翼设计方法的改进

以Takanashi提出的"正反迭代、余量修正"的原理为基础,针对其当机翼上表面存在较强的超音速流动时,解的收敛性不好的问题,对Takanashi方法进行改进.具体方法就是在控制方程的双曲部分引入基于迎风格式的附加项.通过对某干线飞机机翼的设计,证明了改进后的方法是成功的,设计结果在超音区有很好的收敛性.      

氢氧发动机真空羽流干扰试验研究

为了研究航天器发动机多股羽流产生的羽流干扰对流场结构及参数的影响,在北京航空航天大学真空羽流效应试验系统（PES）中,采用总压皮托管阵列对60 N氢氧模拟发动机单机羽流和双机干扰羽流的压力场进行了测量。试验结果表明:单机羽流流场压力随着轴向距离的增大而迅速降低;受到钟形喷管产生的压缩波束影响,同一轴向距离上的压力最大值逐渐偏离喷管轴线;双机羽流干扰发生于两股发动机羽流主流之间的区域,干扰流的作用范围和强度随着轴向距离的增大而增大,干扰流压力最高可以达到单机羽流相同位置处压力的5倍以上;受到干扰流压缩波束边界的影响,同一轴向距离上的压力最大值逐渐偏离双发动机对称面。      

应用于毫米波反射计的多项式校准方法

为了在毫米波波段准确测量波导器件的反射系数,提出了一种应用在反射系数测试前端(反射计)中的校准方法.该校准方法采用基于多项式的误差模型,使得每一个误差项的求解都转化成一个求解轨迹圆圆心的问题,同时不影响求解精度.采用一个滑动负载、一个滑动短路和一个短路器,在毫米波波段降低了对标准件理想程度的要求.实验中搭建了一个Ka波段的反射计,图解误差项的求解过程,分析了误差项的物理意义.把校准后的测量结果与商用矢量网络分析仪(VNA,Vector Network Analyzer)进行比较,吻合较好.同样比较了一组W波段反射计对波纹喇叭的测量结果,进一步验证了方法的合理性.      

Rocket observations of propagating waves in the night time equatorial F-region over Brazil

A Brazilian SONDA III rocket carrying plasma diagnostic experiments was launched from the Brazilian rocket launching stations in Alcântara (2.31°S, 44.4°W Geog. Lat.) to measure the height profiles of electron density, electron temperature and the ambient electric field. High frequency capacitance probe was used to measure the height profile of the electron density and the Langmuir probe was used to measure the electron density and the spatial structures of plasma irregularities. An electric field double probe was used to measure the electric field fluctuations associated with the F-region plasma irregularities. Spectral analysis of the fluctuations in electron density and electric field indicated the presence of propagating waves in the night time F-region over a large height range. The electron temperatures estimated from the LP data showed abnormally high values in the base of the F-region during the upleg of the rocket and practically normal values in the same height region during the downleg. A brief study of the characteristic features of the spectra of electron density and electric field fluctuations and the associated electron temperature variations are presented and discussed here.     

气动弹爆破过程性能仿真分析

针对工业界对于安全有效的管道清洁装置的需求,设计了一种利用气动爆破的原理进行管道除垢的设备.该装置采用气动控制,利用压缩空气的瞬时释放产生的射流与冲击波的能量击碎管道内壁的附着物,实现管道除垢.通过分析装置工作的原理及运行过程,给出了重要参数的建模过程.通过仿真分析了气爆过程中压强、剪切力的分布特点以及传播过程,计算了其管道内气流速度场的分布变化,得出了气动弹爆破过程中对壁面产生的冲击主要来源于射流以及冲击波,并且在使用10MPa的工作压强下一次爆破可清理的管道范围超过160m.该设计可以高效的实现管道清污的作用.      

柱面气相散心爆轰波胞格演化规律研究

本文采用二阶精度NND格式,应用改进的二阶段化学反应模型,通过求解二维Euler方程对柱面气相散心爆轰波胞格演化过程进行了数值模拟.计算结果表明在传播过程中,空间尺度的扩张导致了散心爆轰波后气流的自然膨胀,使得多波结构的爆轰阵面呈现出显著的胞格自组织特性.根据计算结果与理论分析,本文归纳了五种胞格演化模式,分别命名为内凹波阵面会聚、波阵面扭结、褶皱波面失稳、胞格自合并和三波点滑移,并定义了各种模式的物理特征,分析了其相关的演化机制和规律.     

On the early phase of relativistic solar particle events: Are there signatures of acceleration mechanism?

Many physical processes precede and accompany the solar energetic particles (SEP) occurrence on the Earth’s orbit. Explosive energy release on the Sun gives rise to a flare and a coronal mass ejection (CME). X-ray and gamma emissions are believed to be connected with flares. Radio emission is signature of disturbances traveling through the corona and interplanetary space. Particles can gain energy both in the flare and the accompanying wave processes. The beginning of the SEP events has the advantage of being the phase most close to the time of acceleration. Influence of interplanetary transport is minimal in the case of first arriving relativistic solar protons recorded by ground based neutron monitors in so called ground-level enhancements (GLE). The early phase of the SEP events attracts attention of many scientists searching for the understanding of particle acceleration. However, they come to the opposite conclusions. While some authors find arguments for coronal mass ejections as a sole accelerator of SEPs, others prove a flare to be the SEP origin. Here, the circumstances of SEP generation for several GLEs of the 23rd solar cycle are considered. Timing of X-ray, CME, and radio emissions shows a great variety from event to event. However, the time of particle ejection from the Sun is closer to maximum of X-ray emission than to any other phenomena considered. No correlation is found between the particle fluxes and the CME characteristics.     

喷管内二次喷射的激波测量与分析

研究了不同喷射位置、喷射马赫数和喷射角度的气体二次喷射混合流场的弓形激波形状。在二维矩形喷管内进行二次喷射试验,用纹影仪拍摄得到激波照片。将由照片换算得到了激波半径与用爆炸理论计算的结果相比较,证明爆炸波解在计算激波半径方面提供了与实验较符合的结果。