水下爆轰燃气泡形态与激波传播过程研究

针对脉冲爆轰发动机在水下工作过程中形成的燃气射流问题,搭建了水下爆轰燃气实验系统,研究了第一个爆轰循环中燃气泡发展变化过程.建立了基于气液两相双流体模型的脉冲爆轰发动机水下喷射模型,采用时-空守恒元和求解元方法,模拟了爆轰波与水相互作用形成的激波的传播及衰减过程.研究结果表明:燃气射流冲击水面时,燃气泡形态在膨胀阶段受...     

Adaptive controller design for satellite attached by non-cooperative object

When non-cooperative body attachment occurs in space, the inertia of the new combination and the change of the system’s momentum are unknown.This uncertainty may lead to the instability of the spacecraft’s attitude control.In order to solve this problem, we propose an adaptive control scheme based on the inertia estimation of the new, combined system of non-cooperative body and satellite.This method can allow the new combination of different situations to reach a stable state with a high level o...     

组合体航天器智能协同姿态控制研究

组合体航天器在姿态机动过程中的各单体卫星承受的控制力是不均匀的,局部控制力过大将会导致组合链接断裂而失效。应用多体动力学理论建立了组合体航天器间的相互作用模型,对内力、内力矩与整星姿态、控制力矩之间的关系进行了分析;仿真了极端情况下的内力矩分布,其大小可能超过常用对接机构的力矩承受范围;采用粒子群算(PSO)法对控制合力矩进行优化分配,通过预设初值和继承初值来加快PSO算法的收敛速度,实时调整各星控制力矩分配比例,减小星间相互作用力,实现组合体航天器的智能协同控制,保证组合体航天器的连接铰不因受力过大而损坏。算法仿真和Adams软件验证分析表明,本文建立的相互作用模型可准确计算出星间相互作用力,提出的智能协同姿控算法可显著降低姿控过程中的星间内力,确保组合体航天器的安全。     

Influence of shock wave impinging region on supersonic film cooling

Shock waves can significantly affect the film cooling for supersonic flow and shock waves may have different influence when impinging in different regions. The present study numerically compared the results of shock wave impinging in three different regions and analyzed the effect of impinging region. The shock wave generators were located at x/s = 5, 25, 45 with 4°, 7° and 10° shock wave incidence. The mainstream Mach number was 3.2 and the coolant Mach number was 1.2 or 1.5. The numerical results illustrated that the shock wave impinged in the further upstream region led to a larger high-pressure region and a larger vortex in the boundary layer. Moreover, placing the shock wave generator upstream resulted in the lower mass fraction of coolant in the downstream region. The velocity in the upstream part of the cooling layer was lower than the midstream and downstream part, which resulted in the less ability to resist the shock wave impingement. Therefore, the upstream impingement deteriorated the cooling performance to a greater extent. The study also manifested that the stronger shock wave had a larger effect on supersonic film cooling. Increasing the coolant inlet Mach number can increase the blowing ratio and reduce the mixing, which was of benefit to improve cooling effect.     

Reflection of a moving shock wave over an oblique shock wave

The reflection of a moving shock wave over a wedge immersed in a still gas and the reflection of a wedge induced steady shock wave over symmetrical and asymmetrical reflecting surfaces have received intensive considerations since more than 70 years ago. Here we consider a different shock reflection problem—reflection of a moving shock wave over an initially steady oblique shock wave induced by a wedge immersed in supersonic flow. For the flow condition we considered, five moving triple points, with each connecting an incident shock wave, a reflected shock wave and a Mach stem, are identified. By using the reference frame co-moving with each triple point, the type of each shock wave of this triple point is clarified. The present study is significant in that it treats a new shock reflection problem leading to a new shock reflection configuration and showing potential applications in supersonic flow with unsteady shock interaction.     

火星进入舱开伞弹伞载荷动力放大系数研究与试验验证

首先推导了单自由度系统在矩形和半正弦波形脉冲冲击下响应谱动力放大系数与脉冲作用时间的理论解析公式,然后采用有限元显示冲击动力学分析方法,分析了火星探测器进入舱进入过程中开伞弹伞低频大冲击载荷的载荷波形、脉冲作用时间以及结构阻尼对进入舱主结构动力放大系数的影响;最后介绍了开伞载荷悬吊冲坠模拟冲击动载试验和弹伞载荷真实弹伞...     

基于人工黏性的二维激波小波多尺度数值计算

基于自适应小波配点法和人工黏性,构造了二维激波问题的小波数值计算格式。利用最细尺度的小波系数构造两组激波定位函数,分别用以控制两个正交方向人工黏性的大小和分布。对三类二维激波问题进行计算和验证,结果表明：自适应小波配点法利用小波阈值滤波删除变化平缓区域大量网格点,而保留变化急剧区域的网格点,比传统方法计算效率高,且分辨率越高,计算效率更高;利用最细层小波系数构建的幂函数形式的激波定位函数能准确判断激波位置和控制X、Y方向人工黏性的大小和分布,从而捕捉不同方向和不同强度的激波。     

小天体动能撞击防御中动量传递因子敏感参数分析

动量传递因子 $ \beta $ 是评估动能撞击效果的重要参量。根据动能撞击过程中动量传递因子的理论模型,分析了撞击器特性参数和小天体结构特性参数对动量传递因子取值的影响,并对不同动能撞击方案以及不同材料特性小天体的成坑效应和动量传递因子进行分析。研究表明：标度律参数 $ \mu $ 对 $ \beta $ 影响较大, $ \mu $ 是地面实验拟合得到的系数,与材料强度特性相关;当小天体为单体岩石结构时,撞击器速度及密度、小天体密度及表面强度对 $ \beta $ 影响较大,而撞击器半径和小天体引力对 $ \beta $ 影响较小;当小天体为碎石堆结构时, $ \beta $ 对撞击器特性参数和小天体特性参数不敏感,且数值较小。对三种不同动能撞击方案的成坑效应与动量传递因子形成规律进行研究,发现撞击器初始动能对 $ \beta $ 影响较大。当小天体为单体岩石结构时,其对应的动量传递因子取值较大,而当小天体为碎石堆结构时,其对应的 $ \beta $ 取值较小且基本不变。对相同动能撞击方案下不同材料特性小天体（C型、S型和X型小行星）产生的撞击效应进行分析,发现在引力主导时,βC>βS >βX,而在强度主导时 $ \beta $ 取值较小且基本相同。     

具有阻尼耗散的DNLS方程的孤立子解析解

用变换和数值积分的方法找到了考虑欧姆阻尼效应时DNLS方程的一类含激波层结构的解析解,讨论了耗散对其振幅及磁场B_yB_z的影响.结果表明,耗散时激波厚度有很强的控制作用,耗散越小,激波厚度越大,B_y和B_z衰减越慢.耗散项很小时振幅基本不变,B_y和B_z过渡成孤立子解.     

Transitional wave configurations between Type III and Type IV oblique-shock/bow-shock interactions

The interactions of oblique/bow shock waves are the key flow phenomena restricting the design and aerothermodynamic performance of high-speed vehicles. Type III and Type IV Shock/Shock Interactions(SSIs) have been extensively investigated, as such interactions can induce abnormal aerodynamic heating problems in hypersonic flows of vehicles. The transition process between these two distinct types of shock/shock interactions remains unclear. In the present study, a subclass of shock/shock interaction configuration is revealed and defined as Type IIIa. Type IIIa interaction can induce much more severe aerodynamic heating than a Type IV interaction which was ever reported to be the most serious in literature. The intense aerodynamic heating observed in this configuration highlights a new design point for the thermal protection system of hypersonic vehicles. A secondary Mach interaction between shock waves in the supersonic flow path of a Type III configuration is demonstrated to be the primary mechanism for such a subclass of shock/shock interaction configuration.