基于改进差分进化算法的飞行控制律评估方法

 针对基本差分进化(DE)算法收敛慢、易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了基于混沌理论(CT)与高斯扰动的DE算法,进而通过典型测试函数仿真证明了该方法在收敛速度与全局搜索能力方面均优于基本型和其他改进型DE算法。在此基础上构建了基于DE算法的飞行控制律评估流程与实施步骤。实例表明,该方法克服了传统评估方法的缺陷,可在全飞行包线范围内及所有可预测参数摄动情况下对飞行控制律进行快速、准确的评估。     

基于经验的工程变更传播路径预测方法

 针对航空产品工程变更不易预测传播路径的问题,本文利用信息论和统计学的有关原理,提出了一套基于经验的工程变更传播路径预测方法。利用熵和互信息的概念,从海量经验数据中获取在预测过程中起到重要作用的参数;以其为样本空间,提出了一种从语义和变更影响两个角度计算变更参数相似度的算法;基于贝叶斯公式,分析了多因素情况下,相关参数的被影响概率,以此作为判断变更路径的依据;最后,以某型号航空涡轮叶盘为例对本文方法进行了验证,结果表明本文方法具有一定的准确度和优越性。     

Investigation of longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification method for fly-by-wire passenger airliners

The flight control system of a fly-by-wire （FBW） passenger airliner with a complex frame-work and high feedback gain augmentation would change the original characteristic of a loaded signal and suppress the excitation of an airplane＇s pertinent motion modes. Taking a research example of an FBW passenger airliner model with longitudinal relaxed-static-stability, a new method of signal type selection and signal parameter design is proposed, through analysis of signal energy distribution and plane body＇s frequency response. According to CCAR60--the Appraisal and Use Regulation of Flight Simulator Device, the simulation validation of the FBW passenger airliner＇s longitudinal aerodynamic parameters identification is put forward. The validation result indicates that the designed signal could excite the longitudinal motion mode of the FBW passenger airliner adequately and the multiparameter comparison in simulation meets the objective test request of CCAR60. Meanwhile, the relative errors of aerodynamic parameters are less than 10%.     

大型客机后缘襟翼滑轨整流罩气动外形设计方法

大型客机后缘襟翼机构伸出机翼下表面会带来气动损失,必须设计相应整流罩。整流罩的外形尺寸对气动力影响较大,会直接影响飞机的气动特性。设计整流罩时应该遵循整流罩外形设计要求,使其引起的高速巡航阻力尽可能小。在查阅相关文献、对比研究大量整流罩图片、分析研究计算机辅助设计(CAD)中NURBS曲面曲线描述方法的基础上,建立了一套详细的大型客机后缘襟翼滑轨整流罩外形设计方法,该方法在满足整流罩包裹住机构、减小气动损失等基本要求的同时,缩短了整流罩设计周期。     

多操纵面飞翼构型飞机舵面故障在线诊断方法

舵面故障会影响飞机的操纵性,为实现飞机的控制重构需在线诊断出舵面的故障信息.针对多操纵面飞翼构型飞机,提出了一种在线诊断其舵面故障的方法.飞翼构型飞机舵面故障在线诊断需辨识的操纵导数个数较多,直接使用最小二乘法难以精确辨识得到各操纵导数.基于限定记忆最小二乘法,采用分组辨识法对飞机的操纵导数进行辨识,减少了每次辨识操纵...     

基于飞行品质的飞机控制增稳系统参数估计

提出了一种控制增稳系统参数的设计方法,即利用低阶等效系统和飞行品质边界,通过搜索算法确定满足对应飞行品质的参数集合,再利用多种飞行品质确定的参数集合的交集和数据的插值算法,确定控制增稳系统的控制律参数。通过纵向增稳系统设计仿真表明,所提方法简化了传统设计方法通过性能指标反复选择参数和验证系统飞行品质的过程,为控制增稳系统的设计提供一种简单有效的方法。     

On the effect of considering more realistic particle shape and mass parameters in MMOD risk assessments

One of the primary mission risks tracked in the development of all spacecraft is that due to micro-meteoroids and orbital debris (MMOD). Both types of particles, especially those larger than 0.1 mm in diameter, contain sufficient kinetic energy due to their combined mass and velocities to cause serious damage to crew members and spacecraft. The process used to assess MMOD risk consists of three elements: environment, damage prediction, and damage tolerance. Orbital debris risk assessments for the Orion vehicle, as well as the Shuttle, Space Station and other satellites use ballistic limit equations (BLEs) that have been developed using high speed impact test data and results from numerical simulations that have used spherical projectiles. However, spheres are not expected to be a common shape for orbital debris; rather, orbital debris fragments might be better represented by other regular or irregular solids. In this paper we examine the general construction of NASA’s current orbital debris (OD) model, explore the potential variations in orbital debris mass and shape that are possible when using particle characteristic length to define particle size (instead of assuming spherical particles), and, considering specifically the Orion vehicle, perform an orbital debris risk sensitivity study taking into account variations in particle mass and shape as noted above. While the results of the work performed for this study are preliminary, they do show that continuing to use aluminum spheres in spacecraft risk assessments could result in an over-design of its MMOD protection systems. In such a case, the spacecraft could be heavier than needed, could cost more than needed, and could cost more to put into orbit than needed. The results obtained in this study also show the need to incorporate effects of mass and shape in mission risk assessment prior to first flight of any spacecraft as well as the need to continue to develop/refine BLEs so that they more accurately reflect the shape and material density variations inherent to the actual debris environment.     

仿昆扑翼飞行器的翅膀惯性力分析

用理论模化和仿真试验相结合的方法,研究了昆虫翅膀扑动产生的惯性力和惯性力矩.在昆虫扑翼飞行运动的仿生模拟基础上,研究了翅膀扑动过程中拍动幅度、拍动加(减)速周期、平动迎角和翻转加(减)速周期4个振翅运动参数对翅膀惯性力(矩)的影响.研究表明:微小尺度昆虫高频扑翅产生的惯性力幅值与气动力的幅值大致相当;昆虫翅膀的弦向转动惯量比展向转动惯量近似高一个数量级;翅膀拍动惯性力矩的影响远远高于翅膀转动惯性力矩的影响,而转动惯性力矩是可以忽略不计的;只要翅膀的拍动是对称的,就可认为翅膀的扑动是近似对称的;如果翅膀拍动对称的同时转动对称,就可认为翅膀的扑动是严格对称的,此时翅膀惯性力可以忽略.      

High-precision shape approximation low-thrust trajectory optimization method satisfying bi-objective index

The shape approximation method has been proven to be rapid and practicable in resolving low-thrust trajectory; however, it still faces the challenges of large deviation from the optimal solution and inability to satisfy the specific flight time and fuel mass constraints. In this paper, a modified shape approximation low-thrust model is presented, and a novel constrained optimization algorithm is developed to solve this problem. The proposed method aims at settling the bi-objective optimization o...     

On the different approaches of Rayleigh optical depth determination

Rayleigh optical depth is an integral part of many radiative transfer problems. This paper discusses different elements and approaches of its determination. Then, it presents a method, which ensures more realistic estimate of Rayleigh optical depth by using refractive index and depolarization factor (including rotational Raman lines) adjusted according to the state and composition of the atmosphere. It is based on the published experimental and theoretical results. The Rayleigh optical depth calculations are compared with the Elterman’s model calculations for trend analysis purpose. Rayleigh optical depths are found to be around 3.4% lower than previous researchers, as they ignored the constraints of conservation of angular momentum in the rotational/vibrational transitions of the molecules during scattering.