某型航空发动机转速信号故障分析

某型航空发动机在地面台架试车的起动过程中,发生高压转子转速信号误报,造成起动失败;在外场装机地面试车时,在起动和停车过程中,发动机参数记录系统和EPI组合显示仪表显示出高压转子转速信号跳变。对发动机转速测量系统的工作过程进行分析,找到了该转速信号故障发生的原因,并提出了解决措施。     

复合材料层合结构频率约束的可靠性优化设计(英文)

The reliability based optimization （RBO） issue of composite laminates trader fundamental frequency constraint is studied. Considering the tmcertainties of material properties, the frequency constraint reliability of the structure is evaluated by the combination of response surface method （RSM） and finite element method. An optimization algorithm is developed based on the mechanism of laminate frequency characteristics, to optimize the laminate in terms of the ply amount and orientation angles. Numerical examples of composite laminates and cylindrical shell illustrate the advantages of the present optimization algorithm on the efficiency and applicability respects. The optimal solutions of RBO are obviously different from the deterministic optimization results, and the necessity of considering material property uncertainties in the composite structural frequency constraint optimization is revealed.     

Vibration analysis and control technologies of hydraulic pipeline system in aircraft: A review

Vibrations in aircraft hydraulic pipeline system, due to multi-source excitation of high fluid pressure fluctuation and serious vibration environment of airframe, can cause the pipeline system vibration failures through overload in engineering field. Controlling the vibrations in hydraulic pipeline is a challenging work to ensure the flight safety of aircraft. The common vibration control technologies have been demonstrated to be effective in typical structures such as aerospace structures, shipbuilding structures, marine offshore structures, motor structures, etc. However, there are few research literatures on vibration control strategies of aircraft hydraulic pipeline. Combining with the development trend of aircraft hydraulic pipeline system and the requirement of vibration control technologies, this paper provides a detailed review on the current vibration control technologies in hydraulic pipeline system. A review of the general approaches following the passive and active control technologies are presented, which are including optimal layout technique of pipeline and clamps, constrained layer damping technique, vibration absorber technique, hydraulic hose technique, optimal pump structure technique, and active vibration control technique of pipeline system. Finally, some suggestions for the application of vibration control technologies in engineering field are given.     

舱门微动开关系统误示概率分析

针对飞机微动开关系统误示舱门关闭和锁定故障,以微动开关系统工作原理为基础,分析导致该故障模式的故障原因,构建微动开关系统误示舱门关闭和锁定故障树,提出了失效概率分析方法,对舱门机构故障失效进行定量概率计算,改变了以往仅靠定性分析的思路,可对相似机构故障失效分析提供有益参考。     

航空发动机引气管卡箍断裂失效分析

针对某发动机发生的引气管单联卡箍组件中的卡箍上半部断裂的故障,对断裂的卡箍上半部进行宏观侧表面检查、断口及材质分析,结果表明：卡箍上半部断口疲劳源区位于卡箍上半部与下半部接触侧的表面区域,在螺栓装配中引起卡箍上半部发生塑性变形而产生表面拉应力,并且在发动机振动载荷作用下产生微动磨损,从而破坏了卡箍上半部螺栓孔周围局部的表面完整性,降低了该部位的抗疲劳强度,是导致卡箍上半部产生疲劳萌生进而发生断裂故障的根本原因。在卡箍上、下半部之间加装垫片的改进建议已在新的结构设计中得到应用,垫片的加装消除了卡箍上半部在装配过程中由于变形而产生的表面拉应力,并且减轻了卡箍上、下半部之间的微动磨损,从而避免此类故障再次发生。     

陶瓷材料压缩加载下的动态失效研究

利用脆性材料的动态应力强度因子与裂纹传播速度相关,考虑氧化铝陶瓷动态断裂韧性与静态断裂韧性的差异,采用新的裂纹扩展破坏判据对分枝裂纹阵模型进行改进。在SHPB（分离式Hopkinson压杆）上进行了单轴应力和单轴应变实验,所测得的实验结果与改进的分枝裂纹阵模型计算结果符合较好。     

BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings of silica optical fiber for long term sensors at high temperatures

SiBCN and BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings were prepared on silica optical fibers for sensing applications at high temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology and microstructure of the coated fiber. Mechanical and optical properties of the coated fiber were characterized by Raman, optical and tensile tests. Compared with the original fiber, the tensile strength of SiBCN and BN/SiBCN coated fiber show an increase of about 60% and 90% at room temperature, respectively. In addition, the tensile strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber was increased by about 42% at 700 °C. It has been found that the improvement of the strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber is related to the healing of defects and residual compressive stress in fibers. From the light transmittance performance of the coated fiber, it was found that BN/SiBCN double coating could be an ideal total reflection solution to protect silica optical fiber from light leakage during high temperature sensing operation.     

基于EFPI-FBG结构的光纤复合传感器研究

研究了一种基于非本征型Fabry-Perot干涉仪(EFPI)和光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)串联结构构成的EFPI-FBG光纤复合传感器,用于实现对压力和温度信号的同步测量。传感器选用熔融石英作为压力敏感材料,利用飞秒激光焊接技术实现传感器探头结构的封装。对传感器的工作原理进行了分析,制作并封装传感器工程样机,搭建测试系统,对传感器的性能进行了灵敏度及交叉敏感性分析。结果表明,该传感器在0.8 MPa范围内的灵敏度约为-0.729μm/MPa,在50℃~200℃范围的温度灵敏度为0.009 nm/℃,传感器压力测量最大允许误差为±4.12%FS。该EFPI-FBG复合传感器有望应用于压力—温度双参数测量需求的技术领域。     

航空发动机典型材料超高周疲劳试验技术研究综述

航空发动机作为飞行器最关键、最核心的部位，长期服役于高温、高载等极端环境，疲劳失效是导致发动机结构破坏的主要原因之一。随着工业的发展，发动机材料的超高周疲劳问题日益凸显。本文总结了发动机典型材料超高周疲劳关注领域的研究现状，对当前超高周疲劳试验技术的应用情况进行了阐述，包括超高周轴向振动疲劳、弯曲振动疲劳、扭转振动疲劳、复合振动疲劳等试验加载技术以及温度控制技术、损伤监测技术，并对我国航空发动机典型材料超高周疲劳试验技术的发展做出展望。     

面向自动驾驶仿真的虚拟LiDAR传感器建模

在自动驾驶仿真领域，虚拟传感器输出数据的精准度是仿真结果可靠性的重要保障。激光雷达（LiDAR）作为车辆环境感知的关键传感器，其采集的点云数据的准确性是实现车辆对三维环境理解的关键。但在虚拟环境中，通过3D渲染技术模拟的点云数据难以真实反映传感器在复杂工况下的变化规律。本文提出一种用于自动驾驶仿真的虚拟LiDAR传感器建模方法。该方法首先基于Unity 3D引擎构建LiDAR的几何测量模型。其次，结合真实传感器的衰变特性推导简化的LiDAR物理模型。最后，基于蒙特卡罗方法在随机模型上对仿真数据进行噪声模拟，从而实现高保真的LiDAR数据输出。所提出的方法可结合精细化的虚拟场景进行数据验证，实验结果表明：该方法能够有效地在虚拟环境下模拟LiDAR数据，从而应用于自动驾驶仿真算法验证过程。