红外探测器晶片电极设计与应力分析

红外探测器是卫星姿态控制中不可或缺的一种探测器.总结了国外近年来红外热敏探测器晶片电极的研究进展,重点介绍了热敏电阻晶片电极的设计思路及其制备工艺.分析了薄膜金属电极给热敏电阻晶片组件带来的各类应力.提出在热敏电阻晶片电极设计时,应选择合适的电极结构、电极材料、膜层厚度、金属薄膜的制备工艺、热处理制度等工艺参数,并确保热敏电阻晶片焊点的应力较低,才能保证红外探测器的性能及其可靠性.实验结果表明,采用Ti/Au双层结构电极的热敏电阻可达到理想的噪声系数和良好的界面结合力.     

A new approach based on crater detection and matching for visual navigation in planetary landing

This paper provides an approach of crater detection and matching to visual navigation in planetary landing missions. The approach aims to detect craters on the planetary surface and match them to a landmark database during the descent phase of a planetary landing mission. Firstly an image region pairing method is proposed to detect the crater by using an image region feature detector. Then a WTA-rule is adopted to match the detected crater to the crater in database. To further reduce the false matching rate, an efficient method for reducing false matches using parameters of crater in 3-D database is proposed. Real images of planetary terrain and a semi-physical planetary landing simulation platform are utilized to test the performance of the approach, simulation results show the proposed approach is able to match the required number of craters to the database for pin-point planetary landing with a low rate of false detection and false matching, which will lead to an improved planetary landing precision.     

基于CO2浓度监测的飞机火警探测方法

目前飞机普遍采用感温、感烟火警探测方法,其存在误报率高的缺陷.分析了发生火灾时气态燃烧产物的生成规律,提出了以CO_2气体为火警探测参量,通过准确监测环境中CO_2气体浓度的变化,进行飞机火警探测的方法;根据飞机飞行所处环境条件的特殊性,研究了基于非色散红外(NDIR)吸收原理的CO_2气体浓度监测的飞机火警探测方法应用于飞机上所面临的温度补偿难题;根据飞机火警探测器测量电压与环境温度、参比电压之间的关系,采用偏最小二乘(PLS)法建立飞机火警探测器温度补偿模型;根据飞机火警探测器测量电压与CO_2气体浓度之间的关系,采用PLS法建立CO_2气体浓度计算模型;研究了基于CO_2气体浓度监测的报警算法,为飞机火警探测提供了一种新的方法.     

Study of the radiation fields in LEO with the Space Application of Timepix Radiation Monitor (SATRAM)

We present the analysis of data taken by the Space Application of Timepix Radiation Monitor (SATRAM). It is centred on a Timepix detector (300?$\mathrm{\mu }$m thick silicon sensor, pixel pitch 55?$\mathrm{\mu }$m, 256?×?256 pixels). It was flown on Proba-V, an Earth observing satellite of the European Space Agency (ESA) from an altitude of 820?km on a sun-synchronous orbit, launched on May 7, 2013. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to determine the detector response to electrons (0.5–7?MeV) and protons (10–400?MeV) in an omnidirectional field taking into account the shielding of the detector housing and the satellite. With the help of the simulation, a strategy was developed to separate electrons, protons and ions in the data. The measured dose rate and stopping power distribution are presented as well as SATRAM’s capability to measure some of the stronger events in Earth’s magnetosphere. The stopping power, the cluster height and the shape of the particle tracks in the sensor were used to separate electrons, protons and ions. The results are presented as well. Finally, the pitch angles for a short period of time were extracted from the data and corrected with the angular response determined by the simulation.     

二氧化碳探测仪瞬态热分析模型修正

为实现碳卫星载荷在轨温度的准确预测,对其试验状态瞬态热分析模型的修正进行研究。先比较热分析计算结果与热平衡试验结果,求出两者对应温度监控点的温差;再利用蒙特卡洛法对二氧化碳探测仪热分析模型参数进行灵敏性分类,将模型参数分为整体灵敏、局部灵敏与不灵敏参数。然后根据热平衡试验数据,用拉丁超立方和单纯形法的混合法对模型各个参数进行分层修正,得到满足目标函数各个灵敏性参数的最优值。最后将参数最优值代入热分析模型计算验证该修正方法正确性,并进行残差分析。结果显示修正后各温度监控点热分析计算与热试验温差δ_a小于±0.5℃,残差修正率θ高于80%,修正后多数温差比修正前减少了一个数量级。结果表明修正取得的效果明显,修正方法合理可行。     

波音飞机机载通讯设备(HF)618T天线耦合器工作分析

本文详细分析了波音飞机高频通讯(HF)天线耦合器系统的工作原理,着重介绍自动调谐电路中的相位检测器、阻抗检测器、负功率检波器及方式顺序逻辑电路的工作原理。通过对天线耦合器电路分析,弄清自动调谐信号的产生和自动调谐过程,加深对耦合器的理解,可供飞机维护人员参考,提高维护水平。     

多元红外探测器均匀性自动化测试

针对光导型多元红外探测器特性,研制了红外探测器均匀性自动化测试系统。本文介绍了测试系统的组成及相应的软件,阐述了工作原理、控制策略及数据处理技术。测试结果表明系统设计合理、工作稳定,具有精确控制和抗干扰能力。     

空间光通信系统比特差错率的计算及影响因素分析

文章以雪崩光电二极管(APD)作为光电探测器,针对两种常用的数据编码方式,在不同的传输带宽、背景光功率和探测器负载条件下,对空间光通信系统的比特差错率(BER)进行了计算,得到了BER和接收光功率之间的关系曲线。计算结果表明,传输带宽、背景光功率和探测器负载等参数均对BER有明显影响。传输带宽或背景光功率越大,BER越大;探测器负载电阻越小,BER越大。     

搓板阻塞探测器的改进

介绍了一种新型的搓板阻塞探测器,其工作原理为:利用光电传感器探测搓板后边的烟支流传递是否正常,便知搓板是否被阻塞。因原来的搓板阻塞是通过探测搓板后鼓内的负压与大气压的差值来判别的,而鼓内的负压易受系统负压干扰,对气路的畅通与否影响大,所以工作不稳定。改进后系统的稳定性更可靠了,并且易于维护。     

紫外探测器光谱响应及噪声测量装置

介绍了紫外探测器相对光谱响应、绝对光谱响应、噪声测量装置,给出了测量结果,并进行了测量不确定度分忻。