高均匀扫描电机轴面不平行度动态测量方法研究

为了解决高均匀扫描电机转动轴位置未知时与反射镜面不平行度的测量问题，提出了一种动态的光电测量方法；在激光测量光路中，利用扫描电机在位置敏感传感器（PSD）上的扫描曲线，并根据光学成像原理和扫描曲线的外形特征，设计了一个光学实验系统；利用实验方法建立了轴面俯仰角度与扫描曲线形状的关系式，最后对扫描电机轴面不平行度的特性进行了测试分析。实验表明，此种测量方法能够很好地解决动态测量扫描电机轴面不平行度的问题。     

紫外-短波红外航天遥感探测器光电性能测试装置的研制和标定

为解决紫外-短波红外探测器光电性能测试和评价问题,研制了一套探测器的光谱响应、时间响应和偏压响应测试装置,为紫外-短波红外探测器的光谱响应和光电特性参量测试提供测试装置和评价依据,以便评价其综合性能指标是否满足设计和使用要求。介绍了测试装置的研制和标定过程,该测试系统由宽光谱复合光源、样品室、单色仪、锁相放大器、标准探测器等构成,实现了200～2 500 nm光谱范围内光电探测器绝对/相对光谱响应度、量子效率、归一化探测率、频响特性、偏压响应度和时间响应参量的测试功能。最后分析了照明光斑波长校准和光谱辐射照度标定的重要性,并给出标定方法和结果。     

摆动式扫描红外地球敏感器在轨探头级备份工作研究

针对摆动式扫描红外地球敏感器两个探测器工作时输出弦宽信息的特点以及现役通信卫星的一般配置,提出了使用两个探测器信息进行姿态确定及利用双份地球敏感器进行探头级备份工作的方法,该方法在工程实现上简单易行,实现精度较高,且提高了在轨卫星地球敏感器的使用可靠性及冗余度.     

基于Rician分布的SAR图像MRG目标提取算法

针对SAR图像特有的乘性噪声和非恒虚警统计特性很难正确提取目标的问题,本文提出了MRG算法对SAR目标进行检测。首先用MRF-ICM算法对SAR图像进行后向散射系数的复原,再在复原后的幅度上叠加相位信息后引入Rician分布寻找自适应的最佳局域Gabor滤波器参数对SAR图像进行目标提取。和以往的算法相比,MRG算法充分利用了SAR图像幅度和相位中所携带的信息,能更准确地提取目标。实验表明:该方法能取得很好的目标检测效果,后期提取出的目标更符合实际目标形态,具有较强的通用性。     

空间相机上第二代红外探测器驱动电压供电电路设计

文章以空间相机应用为目的,在分析第二代红外探测器驱动电压与输出信号之间相关性的基础上,以某型号第二代红外探测器驱动电压供电电路设计为例,采用高稳定基准电压芯片和低噪声低频运算放大器作为核心器件,提出了以负反馈或电压跟随的电路形式稳定驱动电压供电的方案,并对该方案进行了仿真分析与实验验证.测试结果证实该方案可行有效,能满...     

光电感烟火灾探测器的电路设计

详细介绍了光电感烟火探测器电路的各部分工作原理和设计要点，该电路具有用μＡ级电流驱动ｍＡ级器件工作的特点，有抗干扰电路，在很大程度上提高了火灾报警的可靠性，因此，具有一下的理论水平及很大的实用价值。     

Passive optical detection of submillimeter and millimeter size space debris in low Earth orbit

Understanding of the space debris environment and accuracy of its observation-validated models are essential for optimal design and safe operation of satellite systems. Existing ground-based optical telescopes and radars are not capable of observing debris smaller than several millimeters in size. A new experimental and instrumental approach – the space-based Local Orbital Debris Environment (LODE) detector – aims at in situ measuring of debris with sizes from 0.2–10 mm near the satellite orbit. The LODE concept relies on a passive optical photon-counting time-tagging imaging system detecting solar photons (in the visible spectral range) reflected by debris crossing the sensor field of view. In contrast, prior feasibility studies of space-based optical sensors considered frame detectors in the focal plane. The article describes the new experimental concept, discusses top-level system parameters and design tradeoffs, outlines an approach to identifying and extracting rare debris detection events from the background, and presents an example of performance characteristics of a LODE sensor with a 6-cm diameter aperture. The article concludes with a discussion of possible sensor applications on satellites.     

质谱薄膜联用小型气体泄漏检测仪研制

传统的监测技术在往往采用单一的方法或者采用质谱加色谱联用的技术，设备大都比较笨重，操作复杂，随着现代工业的发展，急需研制体积小，质量轻在便携式仪器，同时具备灵敏度高，分辨能力强，可靠性高等特点的检测仪。利用质谱检测的高分辨能力和敏感膜的高灵敏度，文章提出了质谱和加薄膜联用进行气体泄漏监测的全新思路，并主要论述了检测仪的研制和性能实验研究等内容，最后结合其在航天领域的应用，对甲基膨，无水肼等气体进行     

X-ray, γ-ray and neutron detector development for future space instrumentation

An overview of the material developments currently being pursued by the European Space Agency (ESA) with respect to X-ray, γ-ray and neutron detection media is given. The benefits underlying the selection of specific materials are discussed. In the X-ray regime the basic microphysics behind degraded spectral performance caused by the polarization effect and Te inclusions, have been investigated. We have found that both effects degrade the spectra by producing a localised distortion of the electric field. The underlying cause for the distortion does however differ. For the γ-ray regime, a low-noise equivalent scintillator to LaBr₃ has been developed in the form of CeBr₃. Three inch crystals with a FWHM energy resolution of 4.4% at 662 keV have successfully been produced. For neutron detection, a boron compound based solid state neutron detector has been developed that is sensitive to neutrons, alpha particles and 60 keV X-rays. The measured detection efficiency in detection for thermal neutrons was found to be in the order of a few per cent.     

基于单片机的车载酒精探测及安全控制系统的设计与实现

本文详细介绍了一种利用酒精传感器、A／D转换器、单片机、电子锁实现的车载酒精探测系统的硬件和软件实现方法。该系统以单片机为核心，配以检测电路、控制电路、报警电路，从而实现智能车载安全控制服务。由于具有设备检测的主动判断能力，因此具有较高的实用价值。