Optical flow based guidance system design for semi-strapdown image homing guided missiles

This paper focuses mainly on semi-strapdown image homing guided (SSIHG) system design based on optical flow for a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) axial-symmetric skid-to-turn mis-sile. Three optical flow algorithms suitable for large displacements are introduced and compared. The influence of different displacements on computational accuracy of the three algorithms is ana-lyzed statistically. The total optical flow of the SSIHG missile is obtained using the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm, which is the best among the three for large displacements. After removing the rotational optical flow caused by rotation of the gimbal and missile body from the total optical flow, the remaining translational optical flow is smoothed via Kalman filtering. The circular navigation guidance (CNG) law with impact angle constraint is then obtained utilizing the smoothed translational optical flow and position of the target image. Simulations are carried out under both disturbed and undisturbed conditions, and results indicate the proposed guidance strat-egy for SSIHG missiles can result in a precise target hit with a desired impact angle without the need for the time-to-go parameter.     

略论民航术语的统一和规范化

首先介绍了民航术语及其典籍出版现况,其次根据近期发表的科技术语规范原则在比较和对照的基础上,提出了作者的见解,最后以中国民航总局适航司和安全技术中心编译的《民用航空术语汇编》作为例样,择其某些欠妥词语,参照术语规范原则加以比较和剖析。     

用杆臂效应在轨标定加速度计标度因数的方法

针对加速度计标度因数在轨标定精度低、成本高,需要其他辅助设备且难以工程实现等问题,提出了一种利用杆臂效应在轨标定加速度计标度因数的方法。用该方法对加速度计进行在轨标定,只需要惯组旋转机构按照给定的速率匀速旋转,根据惯组内陀螺仪及加速度计的输出即可解算出加速度计的标度因数。分析了标定原理,建立了标定模型,推导了误差系数的分离算法。通过地面试验验证了方法的有效性。     

基于惯性空间稳定的双轴惯导旋转调制方法

陀螺标度因数误差是影响长航时船用旋转调制惯导系统的关键误差源,其与地球自转和载体运动的耦合误差,可导致惯导系统误差发散。针对此问题,结合船用惯导使用特点,采用外航向、内俯仰的双轴旋转框架结构。在此基础上,提出了一种基于惯性系的双轴旋转惯导系统多位置转停调制方案,通过补偿地球自转和载体运动在双轴旋转惯导内外框架旋转轴上的投影分量,可显著降低陀螺标度因数误差对长航时导航精度的影响。数学仿真和船载试验结果表明,在载体航向角运动的场景下,该方法与传统的双轴旋转调制方案相比可有效抑制地球周期项振幅的增大,系统导航位置误差的发散也降低50%以上。     

尺度效应下均压槽结构对空气静压轴承自激振动的影响

空气静压轴承表面的均压槽结构能有效提高轴承的承载特性,但气膜内由于湍动能变化引发流场振动,形成非线性的自激涡振,影响系统的动态稳定性.为了提高空气轴承的稳定性,基于静压气体润滑理论和稀薄气体动力学基本原理,建立空气静压轴承的气膜流场数学模型;通过数值模拟和实验测试相结合,分析了直槽、环槽、复合均压槽在不同均压槽截面形状...     

适用于全包线的航空发动机BP网络模型的动态辨识

为克服传统的发动机动态模糊辨识中存在的辨识精度低，辨识模型应用范围窄等不足，把对非线性系统具有高度逼近能力的神经网络应用于航空发动机动态特性的辨识，从而为发动机动态辨识开辟更为广阔的道路，采用均方差归一法的处理方法和BP算法的改进算法－输出端动量BP地，以某型发动机在飞行包线内某一飞行条件下的数据作为学习样本，辨识了发同的神经网络模型，在全包线范围内对该模型进行检验，结果表明，所得的发动机动态模型在全包线内都有很高的逼近精度，而且对噪声有很强的抑制能力。     

一种新的脉冲星累积脉冲轮廓时间延迟测量算法

为提高X射线脉冲星导航系统中累积脉冲轮廓的时间延迟测量精度,分析了X射线脉冲星累积脉冲轮廓的特点和现有时延测量算法的缺陷,提出了一种粗略估计和精确测最相结合的时间延迟测量算法.该算法首先利用三阶互小波累积量进行粗略估计,可抑制尺度伸缩和噪声的影响;然后通过抛物面内插法精确测量时间延迟,避免了小步长的迭代运算,可大幅度降低算法的运算量.利用美国罗希(Rossi)X射线时变探测卫星的实测脉冲星数据进行实验,结果表明:该算法可屏蔽由多普勒效应和相位间隔长度的不同引起的尺度伸缩,能够抑制噪声,测量误差小于现有算法;当相位间隔为0.9°时,该算法的测量精度达到最高;该算法运算量小,不足现有算法的10%,适用于X射线脉冲星导航系统.     

混合火箭发动机燃料退移特性的数值计算

混合火箭发动机在航天推进领域优势明显,但由于氧化剂和燃料相态不同,燃料退移的机理和特性比较复杂。采用自行编写的混合火箭发动机程序(HRM)模拟了这种发动机的非稳态工作过程。通过该程序实时数值求解了从氧化剂注入端到尾喷管的全部物理化学过程,并基于燃料表面上气固间的质量和能量耦合,运用燃料表面动态退移和两步计算方法,模拟了燃料退移。在与发动机推力和燃料退移量等实验数据对比的基础上,给出了燃料退移速率方程和燃料退移速率随燃烧室直径的变化规律,确定并分析了影响混合火箭发动机尺度效应的因素。     

On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Selecting scale factor of Bayesian multi-fidelity surrogate by minimizing posterior variance

The Bayesian Multi-Fidelity Surrogate(MFS) proposed by Kennedy and O’Hagan(KOH model) has been widely employed in engineering design, which builds the approximation by decomposing the high-fidelity function into a scaled low-fidelity model plus a discrepancy function. The scale factor before the low-fidelity function, ρ, plays a crucial role in the KOH model. This scale factor is always tuned by the Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE). However, recent studies reported that the MLE may sometimes r...