星间时间同步系统及零值标定研究

空间卫星的相对距离和钟面时差的准确测量,是实现多星之间时间同步,完成特定任务的重要基础。在介绍空间星间测试验证系统与双向单程距离和时差测量的基础上,提出一种闭环自测的零值标定方法。经理论分析和测试验证表明,所测数据稳定可靠,能够满足实际测量的要求。     

美国转型通信体系研究

2002年初,美国国防部发起了针对政府通信卫星的转型通信研究（TCS）,以加快具有先进技术水平的高级通信能力交付到战场的过程。同年年底成立了转型通信办公室（TCO）,同步、协调和指导美国转型通信体系（TCA）的开发。转型通信体系涉及美国众多政府机构,主要包括国防部、情报界和国家航空航天局。其目标是消除通信的限制,通过协调、有效地开发和部署空间和地面独立、兼容、互操作系统,构建未来20年政府空间通信体系。TCA文件至今已经发展了3个版本,经历了多次变动和改进。文章介绍了TCA的定义、目的、范围和组成,分析其发展演进过程,总结其经验教训,最后给出几点结论与启示。     

星载光学遥感器消杂光技术现状与发展

通过对国内外杂散辐射理论发展状况的研究和消杂光技术的探讨,归纳出杂光技术领域目前的国际水平以及该项技术的发展趋势;分别从散射理论、分析软件、测试途径以及杂光抑制措施等７个方面,力图全面系统地阐述该项技术的诸方面内容。文章从国情出发,根据当前中国消杂光技术现状和未来高水平空间遥感器的要求,提出下一步中国消杂光技术发展的建议。     

Investigation of Satellite Trace (ST) and Multi-reflected Echo (MRE) ionogram signatures and its possible correlation to nighttime spread F development from Cyprus over the solar mini-max (2009–2016)

Multi-reflected echoes (MREs) and satellite traces (STs) are referred in literature as ionogram signatures of Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) which is a phenomenon that apparently drives spread F development mainly at nighttime mid-latitude ionosphere. A long-term statistical study has been undertaken to investigate the morphological aspect of these signatures over the lower midlatitude European station of Nicosia, Cyprus (35.19°N, 33.38°E geographic; magnetic dip. 29.38°N) by inspecting all ionograms recorded by the DPS-4D digisonde in the interval 2009–2016. The results underline the systematic manifestation of these TID signatures over Cyprus with a possible (although not quite clear) solar activity dependence and a distinctive seasonal and diurnal occurrence rate with a seasonal peak of STs during summer and of MREs during January to April. Based on the experimental results of the present study, the seasonal occurrence rate of MREs and STs is found to increase by 75% and 56% during high solar activity periods. Satellite traces are well known ionogram signatures of TIDs and mostly correlated to the nighttime spread F formation. The occurrence of mid-latitude spread Fs over European longitude sector normally increases during summer. The occurrences of TIDs are also prominent at this interval of the year over nighttime mid-latitude ionosphere. The presence of MREs as an ionogram signature of TIDs over mid-latitude ionosphere is unique in nature.     

俄罗斯的空间军事能力:1992年～2001年

在过去的10年间,俄罗斯的各种军用卫星的发射率大幅度降低,甚至出现了没有照相侦察卫星在轨的特殊时期。俄罗斯是否由于财政状况,无法维持其军事空间能力呢?还是另有其他原因呢?文章列举了在1992～2001年间,俄罗斯的军用卫星发射情况,分析了其空间计划的前景。     

Electric field and ion density anomalies in the mid latitude ionosphere: Possible connection with earthquakes?

The problem of earthquake prediction has stimulated the search for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospherical anomalies. We found observational evidence of possible earthquake effects in the near-equatorial and low latitude ionosphere; these ionospheric anomalies have been proposed by Gousheva et al. [Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov P., Hristov, P., Influence of earthquakes on the electric field disturbances in the ionosphere on board of the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite. Compt. Rend. Acad. Bulg. Sci. 58 (8) 911–916, 2005a; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Observation from the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite of anomalies associated with seismic activity. In: Poster Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies: Space in the Service of Society, RAST ‘2005, June 9–11, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 119–123, 2005b; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Satellite monitoring of anomalous effects in the ionosphere probably related to strong earthquakes. Adv. Space Res. 37 (4), 660–665, 2006]. This paper presents new results from observations of the quasi-static electric field and ion density on board INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite in the mid latitude ionosphere above sources of moderate earthquakes. Data from INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite and seismic data (World Data Center, Denver, Colorado, USA) for magnetically quiet and medium quiet days are juxtaposed in time-space domain. For satellite’s orbits in the time period 15.09–01.10.1981 an increase in the horizontal and vertical components of the quasi-static electric field and fluctuations of the ion density are observed over zones of forthcoming seismic events. Some similar post effects are observed too. The emphasis of this paper is put on the anomalies which specify the mid latitude ionosphere. The obtained results contain important information because they confirm our previous results for near-equatorial and low latitude regions.     

基于姿态敏感器的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航研究

本文提出了一种基于姿态敏感器的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航方法,作为解决未来高轨道卫星自主运行的先决条件。在整个系统中,以包含摄动项的HILL 方程作为状态方程,根据由姿态敏感器给出的卫星本体相对于地球和另外两个空间天体的方位,推导出测量方程,进而用简化的推广 Kalman 滤波算法进行状态估计。仿真表明,该方法收敛速度快,精度较高,是一种可行的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航方法。     

Semi-automatic determination of the Azores Current axis using satellite altimetry: Application to the study of the current variability during 1995–2006

Satellite altimetry has been widely used to study the variability of the ocean currents such as the Azores Current (AzC) in the North Atlantic. Most analyses are performed over the region that encloses the current, thus being somehow affected by other oceanographic signals, e.g., eddies. In this study, a new approach for extracting the axis of a zonal current solely based on satellite altimetry is presented. This is a semi-automatic procedure that searches for the maximum values of the gradient of absolute dynamic topography (ADT), using the geostrophic velocity as auxiliary information. The advantage of this approach is to allow the analyses to be performed over a buffer centered on the current axis instead of using a wider region. It is here applied to the AzC for the period June 1995–October 2006.     

Ocean Observation from Haiyang Satellites: 2012–2014

During 2012 and 2014, China has two Haiyang(which means ocean in Chinese, referred to as HY) satellites operating normally in space which are HY-1B and HY-2A. HY-1B is an ocean color environment satellite which was launched in April 2007 to observe global ocean color and sea surface temperature, and HY-2A is an ocean dynamic environment satellite which was launched in August 2011 to obtain global marine dynamic environment parameters including sea surface height,significant wave height, ocean wind vectors, etc. Ocean observation data provided by HY-1B and HY-2A have been widely used by both domestic and international users in extensive areas such as ocean environment protection, ocean disaster prevention and reduction, marine environment forecast,ocean resource development and management, ocean investigations and scientific researches, etc.