THE APPLICATION OF SATELLITE POSITIONING TECHNOLOGY AND ITS INDUSTRIALIZATION IN CHINA

Satellite positioning technology has been widely used in all kinds of military and civil land, marine, space and aeronautical target positioning tasks, naviga tion activities and accurate surveying measurements since 90 s in the last cen tury due to its advantage in providing all-weather, real-time, three dimensional and high precision positioning information, as well as speed and accurate timing information. By now, it has already formed a new hi-tech industry basically.This paper briefly reviews the development of the global satellite positioning and navigation technologies including the basic information of China's "Plough navigation system", introduces the history of satellite positioning technology and its major application fields as well as the status quo of this being industri alized trade in China, gives an account of the writers' vision for the application and prospect of the satellite positioning technologies in China, and approaches the tactics and stresses of the satellite positioning technology's application and its industrialization future in China.     

利用天狼星(SIRIO-1)卫星进行的Ku波段电波传播实验

1983—1984年中国和意大利进行天狼星(SIRlO-1)卫星联合实验,本文报导北京地球站所进行的电波传播实验的主要结果。其中包括:11.5GHz下行雨致衰减、17.1GHz/11.5GHz上下行雨致衰减的相关关系,衰减变化率,微波辐射计和信号闪烁等。所获得的结果对我国发展Ku波段通讯或广播卫星系统有参考意义。     

Remote sounding of atmospheric gravity waves with satellite limb and nadir techniques

Recent advances in satellite techniques hold great potential for mapping global gravity wave (GW) processes at various altitudes. Poor understanding of small-scale GWs has been a major limitation to numerical climate and weather models for making reliable forecasts. Observations of short-scale features have important implication for validating and improving future high-resolution numerical models. This paper summarizes recent GW observations and sensitivities from several satellite instruments, including MLS, AMSU-A, AIRS, GPS, and CLAES. It is shown in an example that mountain waves with horizontal wavelengths as short as 30 km now can be observed by AIRS, reflecting the superior horizontal resolution in these modern satellite instruments. Our studies show that MLS, AMSU-A and AIRS observations reveal similar GW characteristics, with the observed variances correlated well with background winds. As a complementary technique, limb sounding instruments like CRISTA, CLAES, and GPS can detect GWs with better vertical but poorer horizontal resolutions. To resolve different parts of the broad GW spectrum, both satellite limb and nadir observing techniques are needed, and a better understanding of GW complexities requires joint analyses of these data and dedicated high-resolution model simulations.     

同步卫星天线反射器的真空非均匀温度模拟试验与分析

本文介绍了同步卫星天线反射器在真空非均匀温度场的变形试验技术及其测量结果。为了实现在反射器上达到低温-150℃、高温120℃,采用了太阳模拟器与红外加热笼综合加热、液氮致冷以及设置各种反射板的方法,获得了较大的温度梯度,使模拟效果较为满意。试验中模拟了太阳照射的四种工况,相应地测量了反射器上的温度与应变分布,并计算了热变形与位移值。该结果对卫星天线结构设计与分析有一定的参考价值。     

CBERS-1卫星红外多光谱扫描仪主光学装置设计

文章介绍了CBERS -1卫星IRMSS主光学装置的设计 ,叙述了光学系统和结构选择、装配调试、像质的稳定性、可靠性问题。该装置在焦面Φ8mm范围内弥散园优于Φ0.010mm ,调制传递函数MTF优于0.91。     

Examining the effects of anti-space weaponization arguments in the media: Some experimental findings from Canada

This study examines how political activists are framing the space weaponization debate in Canada and whether their arguments can influence public attitudes and perceptions about the issue. Eighty university students from two undergraduate courses were recruited as participants in a quasi-experiment. One class (n = 38) was exposed to the documentary Masters of Space, an episode of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's program The Nature of Things, and another class (n = 42) served as the control group. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were used to measure the effects of viewing anti-weaponization arguments in the media, while also controlling for the influence of prior beliefs and background characteristics of participants. Results suggest that visually depicting the use of satellite technology in society can convince viewers that satellites are important to their way of life, but not necessarily to the defense of North America. Framing missile defense as a ‘space weapon in disguise’ also seemed to raise opposition to Canada's participation in continental missile defense. The findings, meanwhile, indicate that viewers respond strongly to the issue of space debris and that mobilizing support for joint military space projects may best be achieved by emphasizing the usefulness of these projects for locating and tracking such debris. In the end, media exposure seemed to help legitimize anti-weaponization arguments based more on rational self-interests than on idealistic beliefs. These findings can have implications for the way space policies are communicated to the public.     

Integration of GPS and low cost INS for pedestrian navigation aided by building layout

In outdoor environments, GPS is often used for pedestrian navigation by utilizing its signals for position computation, but in indoor or semi-obstructed environments, GPS signals are often unavailable. Therefore, pedestrian navigation for these environments should be realized by the integration of GPS and inertial navigation system （INS）. However, the lowcost INS could induce errors that may result in a large position drift. The problem can be minimized by mounting the sensors on the pedestrian＇s foot, using zero velocity update （ZUPT） method with the standard navigation algorithm to restrict the error growth. However, heading drift still remains despite using ZUPT measurements since the heading error is unobservable. Also, tbot mounted INS suffers from the initialization ambiguity of position and heading from GPS. In this paper, a novel algorithm is developed to mitigate the heading drift problem when using ZUPT. The method uses building lay- out to aid the heading measurement in Kalman filter, and it could also be combined for the initial- ization. The algorithm has been investigated with real field trials using the low cost Microstrain 3DM-GX3-25 inertial sensor, a Leica GS10 GPS receiver and a uBlox EVK-6T GPS receiver. It could be concluded that the proposed method offers a significant improvement in position accuracy for the long period, allowing pedestrian navigation for nearly40 min with mean position error less than 2.8 m. This method also has a considerable effect on the accuracy of the initialization.     

Estimation of the Love and Shida numbers: h2, l2 using SLR data for the low satellites

In this paper we present results for the global elastic parameters: Love number h₂ and Shida number l₂ derived from the analysis of Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data. SLR data for the two low satellites STELLA (H = 800 km) and STARLETTE (H = 810 km) observed during 2.5 years from January 3, 2005 until July 1, 2007 with 18 globally distributed ground stations were analyzed. The analysis was done separately for the two satellites. We do a sequential analysis and study the stability and convergence of the estimates as a function of length of the data set used.     

高阶带谐摄动下卫星相对运动精确动力学模型

在考虑J 2 项摄动的卫星相对运动精确动力学模型基础上,推导了可以精确到任意阶带谐非球形引力摄动的卫星相对运动精确动力学模型,还给出了一组简洁的基于参考卫星轨道要素（Reference Satellite Variables）的微分方程,能够描述精确到任意阶带谐非球形引力的卫星地球轨道运动。由于在模型推导过程中没有引入任何简化,新推导的结果适用于任意偏心率的地球轨道。     

改进的卫星广播星历参数模型及其算法

考虑导航卫星受地球周期性的摄动力影响,提出了一种改进的导航卫星星历参数模型,给出了模型参数的计算方法和用该模型外推卫星轨道的计算步骤。仿真计算结果表明：该广播星历参数模型外推能力强,可较好地拟合卫星运动轨道。