两颗通信卫星热控分系统长期在轨性能评述

扼要地介绍了我国两颗通信卫星热控分系统的在轨性能,并对热控涂层和热试验等问题进行讨论。     

Technology Progress Report for Microwave Remote Sensing

In this presentation, technological progress for China's microwave remote sensing is introduced. New developments of the microwave remote sensing instruments for China's lunar exploration satellite (Chang'E-1), meteorological satellite FY-3 and ocean dynamic measurement satellite (HY-2) are reported.     

双星/GIS组合定位建模与仿真

双星定位系统具有快速高精度定位和简短报文通信的功能．为了进一步提高定位精度，满足特殊用户需要，文中提出了由双星和道路地理信息系统组合定位的新方法，并做了计算机仿真试验，进行了组合定位精度分析．分析结果表明，该方法可明显提高双星定位精度，在适当条件下组合定位均方差小于10m。     

基于改进的NSGA-Ⅱ算法的区域覆盖卫星星座优化

对基于Pareto最优概念的非劣性分层遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)进行了改进，与区域覆盖卫星星座的多目标优化设计相结合，提出基于改进的NSGA-Ⅱ算法的区域覆盖卫星星座优化设计方法，并利用多属性决策中的字典序法，根据目标的重要程度，在得到的Pareto解中进行选择．最后，利用STK和Matlab工具对遥感卫星星座进行了仿真，仿真结果表明该算法可以找到多个Pareto解，避免了传统的多目标优化求解方法的权值选择问题，并且比简单遗传算法具有更好的灵活性，从而解决了多目标优化的星座设计问题。     

High accuracy satellite drag model (HASDM)

The dominant error source in force models used to predict low-perigee satellite trajectories is atmospheric drag. Errors in operational thermospheric density models cause significant errors in predicted satellite positions, since these models do not account for dynamic changes in atmospheric drag for orbit predictions. The Air Force Space Battlelab’s High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model (HASDM) estimates and predicts (out three days) a dynamically varying global density field. HASDM includes the Dynamic Calibration Atmosphere (DCA) algorithm that solves for the phases and amplitudes of the diurnal and semidiurnal variations of thermospheric density near real-time from the observed drag effects on a set of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) calibration satellites. The density correction is expressed as a function of latitude, local solar time and altitude. In HASDM, a time series prediction filter relates the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) energy index E_10.7 and the geomagnetic storm index a_p, to the DCA density correction parameters. The E_10.7 index is generated by the SOLAR2000 model, the first full spectrum model of solar irradiance. The estimated and predicted density fields will be used operationally to significantly improve the accuracy of predicted trajectories for all low-perigee satellites.     

星地激光时间比对在卫星导航系统中的应用

星地精密激光时间比对具有精度高、系统误差少等优点,因此利用星地精密激光时间比对,不但可以对无线电时间比对进行外部精度检验,而且可以检验并分离无线电伪距测量的系统误差,分析检测设备时延的不稳定性和卫星钟的中短期性能指标,提高卫星钟差的预报精度。     

Design of an end-to-end demonstration mission of a Formation-Flying Synthetic Aperture Radar (FF-SAR) based on microsatellites

The paper focuses on space system design aspects related to an end-to-end demonstration mission, aiming at showing the feasibility of a Formation Flying Synthetic Aperture Radar (FF-SAR) with microsatellite class platforms (~100 kg). Trajectory design approaches that can fulfil payload requirements are addressed to enable selected FF-SAR applications. The exploitation of these applications relies on suitable combinations of FF-SAR techniques like Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) enhancement, High-Resolution Wide Swath (HRWS) SAR imaging, and Coherence Resolution Enhancement (CRE). In this framework, a cluster of 3 micro-satellites, working in X-band, flying in a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) close-formation, has been designed as a candidate end-to-end system demonstration mission. One satellite embarks a Transmitting-Receiving (Tx/Rx) radar, i.e. it is a monostatic SAR. The other two satellites are Receiving-only platforms. Critical design aspects related to spacecraft subsystems and formation-flying analysis are addressed to confirm the technical feasibility of the spaceborne distributed system implementing the FF-SAR principle.     

基于姿态敏感器的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航研究

本文提出了一种基于姿态敏感器的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航方法,作为解决未来高轨道卫星自主运行的先决条件。在整个系统中,以包含摄动项的HILL 方程作为状态方程,根据由姿态敏感器给出的卫星本体相对于地球和另外两个空间天体的方位,推导出测量方程,进而用简化的推广 Kalman 滤波算法进行状态估计。仿真表明,该方法收敛速度快,精度较高,是一种可行的地球同步轨道卫星自主导航方法。     

大型卫星编队的分布式协同姿态控制

随着卫星应用的日益发展,由卫星编队来代替单颗卫星进行工作已经 成为一种趋势。大型卫星编队的构型和控制问题的研究,作为未来的空间任务 发展和设计的基础是十分重要的。本文研究由多颗卫星组成的编队,讨论了协 同控制器的分类与结构,将编队视为一个分布式系统,其中每一颗卫星的控制系 统作为一个独立的控制单元,进行姿态协同控制器的设计。并利用李亚普诺夫 稳定性理论验证了控制器的全局稳定性,仿真结果表明这种分布式协同姿态控 制器有效可行。最后介绍了利用五自由度气浮台(Microsim)进行卫量编队协同 姿态控制的实验方法。     

导航辅助下基于LAS码的天基多目标测控

中继卫星的天基测控是解决中低轨道航天器大范围、长时间、多目标测控的有效途径,但用户星到中继卫星的时延误差、多普勒频移校正误差等参数会对多目标测控带来干扰。针对该问题,首先分析了定位误差引起的时延误差、多普勒频移校正误差等因素,设计了天基多目标前向链路遥控SMA(S-band Multiple Access,S频段多址)信号形式和反向遥测链路SMA信号形式,选择与时延校正误差相匹配的LAS(Large Area Synchronous,大区域同步)码作为反向遥测信息的扩频码,建立了导航辅助的终端时延和频率预校正方案模型,可以有效消除多用户干扰。仿真表明,当Eb/N0≥10.5dB时,前向遥控信息误码率pe≤1×10~(-6),反向遥测信息误码率pe≤1×10~(-6),使用LAS码比Gold序列约有2dB性能改善,为基于我国天链卫星的中低轨道卫星稳定运行、载人航天交会对接以及后续空间站建设等任务的测控提供重要参考。