基于RBF带学习能力高精度非线性FDD设计

在轨航天器故障检测与诊断问题需要面对模型的非线性,而且要求尽量提高其检测的精度,为此设计了基于径向基函数（RBF）神经网络的动量轮非线性故障检测与诊断（FDD）方案。首先应用RBF补偿建模误差,提高检测精度,并选择李雅普诺夫函数证明其收敛性;然后应用非线性观测器来产生故障残差,给出了阈值以及故障检测的时间;应用RBF网络对故障信号进行重构,并据此设计了带学习能力的FDD策略。再次建立了详细的动量轮模型,通过不同条件下的仿真研究分别验证残差的阈值特性、时间特性以及RBF的重构能力,仿真结果表明了算法的有效性。     

一种新的卫星通信系统中的载波频率同步技术

针对卫星通信中传统载波频偏估计算法精度低的问题,提出一种新的频偏估计方法。该方法首先利用传统方法在解调前端进行初始频偏估计,然后充分利用译码信息对残留频偏进行进一步估计和补偿。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效抑制传统频偏估计方法带来的残留频偏的波动,减少残留频偏对系统性能的影响,提高了系统译码性能,降低了解调门限,在不占用系统频带的同时,提高了系统功率利用率。     

Digital signal processing and numerical analysis for radar in geophysical applications

Numerical solutions for signal processing are described in this work as a contribution to study of echo detection methods for ionospheric sounder design. The ionospheric sounder is a high frequency radar for geophysical applications. The main detection approach has been done by implementing the spread-spectrum techniques using coding methods to improve the radar’s range resolution by transmitting low power. Digital signal processing has been performed and the numerical methods were checked. An algorithm was proposed and its computational complexity was calculated.     

Systematic examination of the geomagnetic storm sudden commencement using multi resolution analysis

Geomagnetic storm sudden commencements (SSC) contain a wealth of information which is useful in many applications. It is important to point out that the SSCs used in this study are sampled at the rate of one sample per second in order get use of such high resolution data. In this paper, two studies are made on the geomagnetic SSC and an SSC onset automatic detection algorithm is introduced. The first study is about finding the relationship between the SSC rise time and its amplitude. Where it is found that there is a positive correlation between the amplitude and the amplitude gradient which is the amplitude divided by rise time. The second study is checking the spectrum of the SSC, starting from its onset until the end of the SSC rise time. This check had proved that the SSC contains both low and high frequency regions. This led us to introduce a new term, namely the SSC variation rate (VR). This VR is defined as the maximum rate of change of the field in the higher-frequency region of the SSC. These two studies were the guide to build an SSC automatic detector of one sample per second data using multi resolution analysis (MRA) of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The data set contains 134 SSCs with different VRs that were collected from the Circum-pan Pacific Magnetometer Network (CPMN). It is found that the standard deviation of the detection error is 41 s and that the average error is 9 s. From the calculated error distribution function, it is found that the detection error is within the range of −1.5 to 3 min. The detection process, as will be shown in the article, takes 70 s for one station and 3 min if the decision is related to the detection(s) of other stations. These results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm over other algorithms in which the detection error ranges between −8 and 5 min and the detection process takes 2–10 min. In addition to being faster and more accurate than the other algorithms, the proposed algorithm is the first algorithm that automatically detects the SSC onset times from high-resolution data unlike previous studies that focused on determining the SSC times automatically using one-minute resolution data.     

基于实时观测数据的大气密度模式修正

针对国际大气密度模式NRLMSISE-00, 以中国神舟飞船探测数据为基础, 提出一种基于实时大气密度观测数据的模式修正方法. 通过计算分析模式计算结果与探测数据的误差分布特征, 针对地磁相对平静期(Ap≤ 30)模式计算的误差特点, 建立了一种平均误差修正方法, 即认为在相对平静期, 在相同纬度和地方时, 模式误差基本相同, 某一时刻模式预测误差可以近似用与其相同纬度和地方时的平均误差来替代, 从而对模式预测结果进行修正. 以神舟4号探测数据为基础, 通过对模式预测结果采用两种方式进行修正, 可以看到模式误差得到了一定的改善. 采用误差库累积准实时修正, 修正后的误差由原来的20 %降至6 %; 采用误差库5天滑动预报修正后, 模式提前1, 2, 3天的预测误差由原来的20 %分别降至7.8 %, 9.4 %和10.5%.      

星载可展开天线热振动数值分析

根据非耦合动力学理论及有限元方法,研究分析了星载可展开天线的热振动。利用半正弦波温度冲击模拟热动力荷载,对天线典型节点的热振动位移和应力以及形面精度进行了数值分析。研究表明,急剧变化的温度荷载将导致该天线结构发生热振动,热振动响应明显大于静力学响应。     

基于动态RCS的无人机航迹实时规划

传统的无人机航迹规划主要采用仅考虑无人机与雷达距离的简化雷达威胁模型,未充分考虑无人机雷达散射截面RCS(Radar Cross-Section)随自身姿态角改变而产生的动态变化.据此,提出了无人机周向动态RCS模型,并建立了综合考虑无人机动态RCS与雷达距离的探测概率模型,利用遗传算法进行了基于动态RCS的航迹实时规划,计算结果与传统航迹规划结果进行了对比.仿真结果表明该模型的可行性和有效性,能充分利用无人机自身的优势规避威胁,满足无人机的航迹实时规划的要求.      

基于四路信号处理的载波锁相环

载波跟踪环是独立导航接收机中最为脆弱的部分,在一定载噪比下,影响载波跟踪环跟踪门限的主要因素是动态应力。科斯塔斯锁相环是最常用的载波跟踪环之一,由于频率牵引范围的限制,其对动态应力非常敏感,该频率牵引范围由最大相位牵引范围决定。传统科斯塔斯锁相环是基于两路信号处理进行载波相位锁定的,其相位牵入范围仅为［-π/2,π/2］。文章提出了一种基于四路信号处理的科斯塔斯锁相环,增加的两路信号分别与原来两路相位相差π/4,其相位牵入范围可以达到［-3π/4,3π/4］,较传统方式提高了1/2。仿真结果显示文中提出的设计方法能够明显提高环路的动态性能     

测量时刻偏差对单星定轨误差的影响分析

为评估测量时刻偏差对单星定轨等效测量误差的影响,根据单星定轨处理策略分析了其理论模型,指出测站接收机的测量时刻偏差由测站时钟钟差以及测量时刻不准确度等组成。试验数据分析表明,测站钟差经一阶多项式拟合后的残差可近似为零均值的测量噪声;数值仿真结果表明,卫星信号发射时刻1ms误差导致GEO、IGSO、MEO三种卫星的等效测距误差分别为006cm、40cm、80cm。     

卫星编队对空间非合作目标测距相对导航精度分析

针对单颗卫星对空间非合作目标测距不能估计全部相对运动状态的问题,提出利用编队中多颗卫星同时测距相对导航。建立了相对运动状态估计的系统模型;推导了系统可观测矩阵;通过计算系统可观测度和采用无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）对目标相对运动状态进行估计,研究了观测矢量方向和数量与相对导航精度的关系。结果表明双星测距能估计全部相对运动状态,观测矢量夹角越大,相对导航精度越高,在编队尺寸远小于目标距离的前提下,多于两颗的卫星测距并不能明显提高相对导航精度。