Boundary layer aerosol retrieval from thermal infrared nadir sounding – Preliminary results

A non-empirical algorithm is presented to retrieve the optical depth in the 750–1250 cm⁻¹ spectral range, of aerosol located in the boundary layer over the ocean, from nadir high-resolution radiance spectra in the thermal infrared. The algorithm is based on a line-by-line radiative transfer forward model and used the Optimal Estimation Method for the retrieval. Its performance strongly depends on the quality of the a priori temperature and H₂O atmospheric profiles. To demonstrate the relevance of the algorithm, distributions of maritime aerosol parameters have been retrieved from IMG/ADEOS data for December 1996, using the algorithm with the LBLRTM radiative transfer code, and ERA40 (ECMWF) a priori atmospheric profiles and surface conditions.     

卫星转发器载波互调噪声比的工程计算

阐述了卫星转发器在多载波工作时载波互调噪声比的工程计算方法，并给出了一个实际的计算例子。     

滤波器的相频特性对像质影响的仿真

利用计算机仿真的方法,研究了椭圆低通滤波器和Butterworth滤波器的相频特性对像质的影响。这种影响主要有边缘退化、分辨率损失、产生新的干扰条纹和几何畸变以及多波段图像配准精度降低等。     

椭圆轨道卫星编队燃料最优机动实时算法

文章针对椭圆轨道编队卫星最优燃料机动的实时计算问题进行研究。利用LGL伪谱法对问题进行快速求解。由于最优燃料控制为非连续控制,如直接采用伪谱法则只有当离散点数目很大时,才能实现较高精度的编队机动控制,而这会影响算法的实时计算效率。为了克服这方面的不足,文章提出了一种时间尺度变换策略,并结合模型预测的滚动优化方法,设计了一种编队实时机动控制算法。该算法在兼顾解的全局最优性的同时改善了解的局部精确性,最后通过数值仿真验证了所设计算法的有效性。     

The PRISMA payload optomechanical design, a high performance instrument for a new hyperspectral mission

PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa) hyperspectral instrument is an advanced hyperspectral sensor including a panchromatic camera at medium resolution. The instrument is the focus of the new Earth observation mission that a consortium of Italian companies has started developing under contract of Italian Space Agency. Key features of the instrument are the very high requirement for signal-to-noise and the high quality of data that have to be provided. To meet these demanding figures the optical system has been based on a high transmittance optical system, including a single mirror telescope and two prism spectrometers based on an innovative concept to minimize number of optical elements, while high performance detectors have been chosen for the photon detection. To provide the required data quality for the entire mission lifetime an accurate calibration unit (radiometric and spectral) will be included in the instrument optomechanical assembly. The thermo-mechanical design of the instrument is based on innovative concepts, considering that the use of prism spectrometers implies a tight control of temperature variations to guarantee the stability of all instrument features once in orbit. The presented paper describes the concepts and design principle of the optomechanical assembly of the instrument, at the present status of development.     

星载红外相机相对定标算法研究

文章针对红外相机双面镜旋转多元并扫成像方式的特点,对其相对定标算法进行了研究。首先分析了探元A／B面响应差异,然后介绍了算法原理,采用不同的定标算法获得了定标校正系数,并对定标数据和在轨图像进行了相对辐射校正,验证了算法的正确性和结果的有效性,最后在定标系数校正的基础上,进一步改进了像质。     

一种数据残缺时的三星时差定位目标跟踪算法

三星座时差定位是一个非线性定位问题,利用定位点进行跟踪得到目标航迹的方法具有一定的局限性。给出了能够适应大量时差数据残缺情况的基于EKF的目标航迹跟踪算法,仿真分析表明该算法在大量时差数据残缺时具有比前者更好的性能,有效地解决了工程问题。     

基于故障树分析法的故障诊断专家系统

介绍了一个应用于卫星控制系统的基于故障树分析法的故障诊断专家系统,并描述了此专家系统的基本设计构想及实现方法。该系统既能完成不精确性逻辑推理,又能实现动态知识的过程描述,还能完成必要的复杂的数值计算。该系统也可以应用于其他领域的故障诊断。     

紧凑式波纹喇叭的容差分析

在运用模匹配法和球面波展开法分析和设计紧凑式波纹喇叭的基础上,首次提出了对紧凑式波纹喇叭进行容差分析。并以某星载紧凑式波纹喇叭为例,给出了容差变化对交叉极化和回波损耗的影响,为设计紧凑式波纹喇叭提供了重要的参考依据。     

基于神经网络模型的层次诊断方法及应用

对神经网络和故障诊断的层次分解模型进行了研究,把神经网络技术和层次分解模型相结合,利用神经网络来实现分层诊断。以卫星能源系统为背景,建立了该系统故障模拟试验台的层次分解模型,在此基础上构造了合适的分层神经网络,通过分层神经网络诊断系统故障,给出的两个实例说明了这种方法的有效性。