真实感DVE时空一致性技术

传统的一致性解决方案大多将重点放在构建完全一致性模型,缺少对虚拟环境本身运动规律的分析.从认知虚拟环境客观规律出发,提出基于真实感的一致性模型,遵从以人为本的原则,构建描述分布式虚拟环境下时空一致的数学模型,判断虚拟环境下的节点是否达到时空一致,并加以验证.在充分利用一致性模型的基础上通过单向数据传输减少时间扭曲后的回滚节点数目,增强用户沉浸感;利用时延神经网络对大于传输延迟上限的节点状态进行预测;完成节点的状态修复,从而保证时空同步一致.经过独立实验测试,验证了模型的有效性以及解决方法的可行性.     

DEMETER and DMSP satellite observations of the disturbed H/O ratio caused by Earth’s seismic activity in the Sumatra area during December 2004

In the present paper, plasma probe data taken from DEMETER and DMSP-F15 satellites were used to study the ion density and temperature disturbances in the morning topside ionosphere, caused by seismic activity at low latitudes. French DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) micro-satellite mission had been especially designed to provide global scale observations in the topside ionosphere over seismically active regions. Onboard the DEMETER satellite, the thermal plasma instrument called “Instrument Analyser de Plasma” (IAP) provides ion mass and densities, ion temperature, three component ion drift and ion density irregularities measurements. As a part of “Defense Meteorological Satellite Program”, DMSP-F15 satellite is on orbit operation since 1999. It provides ionospheric plasma diagnostics by means of the “Special Sensor-Ion, Electron and Scintillations” (SSIES-2) instrument. We examined few examples of possible seismic effects in the equatorial ionosphere, probably associated with seismic activity during December month in the area of Sumatra Island, including main shock of giant Sumatra event. It is found that the localized topside ionospheric disturbances appear close to the epicenters of certain earthquakes in the Sumatra region. In two cases, ion H⁺/O⁺ ratio rises more than one hour before the main shock, due to the O⁺ density decrease at the winter side of the geomagnetic equator, with longitudinally closest location to the epicenter of the earthquakes. These anomalous depletions in O⁺ density do exist in all cases of SSIES-2 data. Particularly for Sumatra main event, more than one hour after the main shock, we observe large-scale depletion in O⁺ density northward of the geomagnetic equator at winter side hemisphere. Associated with O⁺ depletion, ion temperature latitudinal profile around the geomagnetic equator shows enhanced asymmetry with minimum at the summer side and maximum in positive Ti deviation from mean value at the winter side. This disturbance lasted for more than three hours, later in time observed at the same place by IAP/DEMETER.     

Impact of four dimensional assimilation of satellite data on long-range simulations over the Indian region during monsoon 2006

A number of experiments were conducted to study the impact of updating model basic fields by satellite data (Quick Scatterometer (QSCAT) surface winds and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) temperature and humidity profiles) on long-range simulation during the Indian summer monsoon 2006. The Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU/NCAR) mesoscale model version5 (MM5) and its four dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) technique was used for the numerical simulations. The spatial distribution and temporal variation in model simulated basic meteorological parameters and rainfall were verified against the observed fields from National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) analysis and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), respectively. The overall analysis of the results from QSCAT surface wind assimilation as compared to control simulation (CNT; without the satellite data assimilation) suggest that a better representation of a single level wind field during model integration fail to make significant improvement in the model simulation both in the basic meteorological parameters and rainfall. The assimilation of temperature and humidity profiles from the AIRS during model integration significantly improved the rainfall prediction during monsoon period. It is found that the improvement in rainfall prediction is attributed to improved thermodynamics structure due to AIRS profile assimilation and the degree of improvement is more in temperature prediction as compared to humidity prediction. It is also found that the prediction over the regions, such as south west part of India and foothills of Himalaya, where a complex orography exists, is not significantly benefited from satellite data assimilation which highlights the need of improvement in the model in addition to a better representation of atmospheric state.     

月球表面粗糙度的分形表征

文中采用"嫦娥一号"卫星探测器返回的激光高程计的数据,从研究月球表面的分形特征出发,选取月球表面的湿海区域进行研究,通过对激光高度计的原始数据进行处理,并利用SPSS统计软件对这两组数据进行拟合得到最佳的拟合模型。结果指出:1)分维可以作为一个独立的表征参量来表征粗糙表面的平缓程度。2)由拟合结果图可知,对于月球表面的湿海区域,分维与粗糙度存在单调递增关系,即分维值越大,区域表面越粗糙,表面起伏变化也越剧烈;并通过分析得出湿海区域的地形起伏较大。3)通过分维值D与粗糙度之间的关系式,对于某区域的任意一段轮廓,可以通过计算分维值D得出该轮廓的粗糙度值。同样的,对任一粗糙度值,可以求出相应的分维值以及该轮廓的具体纬度值位置。4)对于月球表面的其他区域,同样可以得出他们之间的相关性,从而达到研究月表地貌演化过程的目的。     

北斗全球卫星导航系统境外星数据快速回传的路由优化方法

针对北斗全球卫星导航系统存在的全球布站不足问题,提出一种利用星间链路将境外星数据快速回传至境内的路由优化方法。首先描述地面站受限情况下的数据快速回传问题,明确传输路由的优化目标、生成规则、约束条件。然后提出基于遗传算法的时延最小数据传输路由优化策略。最后,对算法进行了验证。结果表明,在2个境内站条件下,北斗系统全星座最多2跳（6s内）完成数据传输,可满足境外数据快速回传的要求。     

能量有效的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议

无线传感器网络（WSNs）的应用前景非常广阔,得到了越来越广泛的关注,其中网络节能、降低功耗、延长寿命是WSNs必须解决的问题。对WSNs中典型的分簇路由协议进行了详细分析,通过对比研究,提出了一种基于节点间相关性的能量有效分簇路由协议——BCCP协议。在BCCP协议中,能耗均衡分簇算法利用节点间位置相关性与节点剩余能量,降低分簇迭代次数,得到分布均匀的簇首节点,降低簇内成员节点与簇首节点的通信能耗,以此降低网络能耗;降低能耗分簇算法利用节点间数据相似性与节点间协同性,降低簇内通信、簇间通信的数据量,以此降低网络能耗。实验结果表明,BCCP协议在能耗均衡、网络存活节点数、降低能耗方面与其他方法相比均有明显的优势。      

全包线内航空发动机参数估计的神经网络实现

介绍一种特殊的前向神经网络——自联想神经网络（Ａｕｔｏａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｖｅａｒｔｉｆｉｃｉａｌｎｅｕｒａｌｎｅｔ－ｗｏｒｋｓ,ＡＡＮＮ）,然后将发动机参数在全包线、大范围工况下的变化规律与神经网络的非线性映射能力结合起来,开展了将ＡＡＮＮ应用于发动机全包线、大范围工况下参数估计的仿真研究。本文提出的选取测量矢量加入样本集的ＥＭＰ方法,有效地减少了样本集中样本矢量的数目,简化了网络的训练。用ＥＭＰ方法在全包线内仅用７４６组测量矢量作为样本集,在网络训练好后,任选包线内的一工况点作为算例运行发动机模型,所得各参数的稳态估计及动态估计的平均百分比误差＜０．５％。仿真结果表明,上述的参数估值方法是可行的,为进一步实现对发动机控制系统传感器的状态监视和故障诊断打下了基础。     

完全非线性近似逆及其在轨迹跟踪中的应用

非线性系统输出跟踪问题在理论和实际中都具有十分重要的意义。人们对此问题进行了大量地研究和广泛地应用。但是所有的研究对象一般都要求仿射型非线性系统,以便容易解出相应的控制输入。对于一般的完全非线性系统,由于没有控制输入的显性表达式,很难得到相应的结果。本文讨论了完全非线性系统的输出跟踪问题,在理论上研究了完全非线性系统逆的存在性。利用神经网络可逼近任意 Ｌ２ 函数的特性,提出了求解完全非线性系统逆近似控制律的方法,并由此研究了完全非线性飞机模型的轨迹跟踪问题。通过对飞机轨迹跟踪问题的仿真,表明该方法是切实可行的。     

基于三维点云重建的助推器位姿估计

助推器分离是运载火箭发射过程中的关键动作之一,常用的激光雷达姿态测量技术在助推器分离阶段受外界干扰严重,难以准确获得位姿。基于视觉的助推器位姿变化测量技术具有优秀的抗干扰能力,通过搭建三维点云重建网络,以图像为输入,三维点云为输出,在构建的助推器分离过程的图像 点云数据上进行了训练和测试,对测试重建的助推器点云使用主成分分析的方法完成了位姿的估算。测试结果表明,所建立的三维点云重建网络可以根据仿真图像数据,精确测量助推器分离阶段的位姿变化,在R2score指标下,对三维坐标的预测分数均在0.98以上,姿态角平均误差约为21°,预测分数则均在0.80以上。     

线缆耦合信号实时监测方法

线缆耦合是航电系统电磁干扰问题的主要来源之一,对其进行监测具有重要意义。利用线缆束中的非功能线作为监测线,实现了一种对功能线缆耦合到的干扰信号进行实时监测的方法。由于监测线与被测线具有相似的干扰场分布和布线路径,因此可以抵消二者的未知性和随机性带来的影响。将监测线与被测线视为相同的二端口网络,建立采用ABCD矩阵描述的端口电流相互关系,进而利用传输线理论建立频域解析模型,将其转化为离散时间模型并给出系统的信号流图,为硬件实现提供基础。以一个四芯传输线系统为例对本文方法进行了验证,与实测结果对比,端口电流峰值误差不超过6%,验证了本文方法的有效性和精度。