Low-thrust transfer to Backflip orbits

The aim of the work is to design a low-thrust transfer from a Low Earth Orbit to a “useful” periodic orbit in the Earth–Moon Circular Restricted Three Body Model (CR3BP). A useful periodic orbit is here intended as one that moves both in the Earth–Moon plane and out of this plane without any requirements of propellant mass. This is achieved by exploiting a particular class of periodic orbits named Backflip orbits, enabled by the CR3BP. The unique characteristics of this class of periodic solutions allow the design of an almost planar transfer from a geocentric orbit and the use of the Backflip intrinsic characteristics to explore the geospace out of the Earth–Moon plane. The main advantage of this approach is that periodic plane changes can be obtained by performing an almost planar transfer. In order to save propellant mass, so as to increase the scientific payload of the mission, a low-powered transfer is considered. This foresees a thrusting phase to gain energy from a departing circular geocentric orbit and a second thrusting phase to match the state of the target Backflip orbit, separated by an intermediate ballistic phase. This results in a combined application of a low-thrust manoeuvre and of a periodical solution in the CR3BP to realize a new class of missions to explore the Earth–Moon neighbourhoods in a quite inexpensive way. In addition, a low-thrust transit between two different Backflip orbits is analyzed and considered as a possible extension of the proposed mission. Thus, also a Backflip-to-Backflip transfer is addressed where a low-powered probe is able to experience periodic excursions above and below the Earth–Moon plane only performing almost planar and very short transfers.     

翼身融合背撑发动机反推绕流流场数值研究

基于RANS（Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes）方法,采用SST（shear stress transport）湍流模型和进排气边界条件,对翼身融合背撑发动机反推绕流流场进行了数值模拟,探究得到反推气流动力影响下机体气动载荷的变化规律,并评估了不同发动机功率下反推的增阻效果,以及对进气道流场畸变特性进行了初步的分析。结果表明:反推气流会显著影响机体气动载荷的分布状况,发动机前方的机体表面压力逐渐增大,经过反推出流带后,表面压力急剧减小,沿展向其影响逐渐减弱;在一定范围内,反推气流的轴向折流角越大,对气动载荷分布的影响越剧烈,增阻效果也越好;轴向折流角和来流马赫数的变化会影响进气道流场畸变特性。      

“嫦娥二号”卫星拓展试验轨道计算中心天体的选取

飞行器的星历积分不可避免涉及中心天体的选取问题。“嫦娥二号”卫星在拓展试验期间处于弱引力区,文章针对拓展试验期间的轨道状态,从受摄运动二体问题角度分析得出适宜选取太阳作为中心天体。进而结合真实力模型情况,使用行星星历表计算行星产生的摄动力,从理论上推导得出在忽略小天体摄动的前提下,由于摄动天体同时对中心天体和飞行器产生摄动作用,以地球为中心天体产生的摄动力类似于潮汐力,而以太阳为中心天体则不然,因而更适宜选取地球作为中心天体计算轨道运动问题     

组合体航天器智能协同姿态控制研究

组合体航天器在姿态机动过程中的各单体卫星承受的控制力是不均匀的,局部控制力过大将会导致组合链接断裂而失效。应用多体动力学理论建立了组合体航天器间的相互作用模型,对内力、内力矩与整星姿态、控制力矩之间的关系进行了分析;仿真了极端情况下的内力矩分布,其大小可能超过常用对接机构的力矩承受范围;采用粒子群算(PSO)法对控制合力矩进行优化分配,通过预设初值和继承初值来加快PSO算法的收敛速度,实时调整各星控制力矩分配比例,减小星间相互作用力,实现组合体航天器的智能协同控制,保证组合体航天器的连接铰不因受力过大而损坏。算法仿真和Adams软件验证分析表明,本文建立的相互作用模型可准确计算出星间相互作用力,提出的智能协同姿控算法可显著降低姿控过程中的星间内力,确保组合体航天器的安全。     

基于人体模型的舱外航天服热系统分析与计算

分析了舱外航天服空间换热的特点,对"空间环境-舱外航天服-人体"热系统进行了传热分析,利用Visual C++ 6.0及OpenGL技术进行了三维人体模型的构造,对人体体表温度的计算结果进行了三维图形显示.结合人体热调节模型建立了"空间环境-舱外航天服-人体"热系统仿真技术,分析了航天员在不同代谢模式、被动热防护状态及液冷、通风系统控制情况下的热状态,确定了各代谢活动水平下航天员达到舒适状态时液冷、通风系统的工作条件,利用暖体假人试验结果对系统仿真进行了验证,结果表明二者吻合很好,本项目具有很好的工程应用价值.      

航天员转体技术仿真

航天员在自由状态下的转体技术是航天员训练和太空任务完成好坏的重要指标。本文借助１５段的人体模型,使用多刚体动力学的方法建立起航天员转体动作的力学模型。该模型易于编程,适合于实时计算。并使用计算机动画技术,建立了航天员转体运动的实时动态仿真系统。该系统只要求输入基本的人体测量数据和肢体的相对运动规律,以图形动画形式输出,具有良好的交互性。     

汽车车身曲面激光自动测量技术研究

针对追求整体协调要求的车身曲面宏观形状测量问题,开发了相应的以激光技术,传感技术、伺服控制技术以及工程应用光学等为基础的自动测量,文章对自动测量的原理、测头随动准则,测头扫描规则以及测点坐标数据采集、传输和处理等内容,均作了较为详细的探讨。     

Coupled fluid-thermal investigation on non-ablative thermal protection system with spiked body and opposing jet combined configuration

In this paper, a Non-Ablative Thermal Protection System(NATPS) with the spiked body and the opposing jet combined configuration is proposed to reduce the aerodynamic heating of the hypersonic vehicle, and the coupled fluid-thermal numerical analysis is performed to study the thermal control performance of the NATPS. The results show that the spiked body pushes the bow shock away from the protected structure and thus reduces the shock intensity and the wall heat flux. In addition, the low temperature gas of the opposing jet separates the high temperature gas behind the shock from the nose cone of the spiked body, ensuring the non-ablative property of the spiked body. Therefore, the NATPS reduces the aerodynamic heating by the reconfiguration of the flow field, and the thermal control efficiency of the system is better than the Thermal Protection System(TPS) with the single spiked body and the single opposing jet. The influencing factors of the NATPS are analyzed. Both increasing the length of the spiked body and reducing the total temperature of the opposing jet can improve the thermal control performance of the NATPS and the nonablative property of the spiked body. However, increasing the heat conductivity coefficient of the spiked body can enhance benefit the non-ablative property of the spiked body, but has little influence on the thermal control performance of the NATPS.     

模型预混燃烧室燃烧不稳定性研究

针对钝体火焰稳定器结构的模型预混燃烧室的燃烧不稳定性现象进行了实验研究和数值模拟.实验中利用动态压力传感器测量了不同当量比时燃烧室内动态压力的频率和振幅.结果表明:随当量比增加,不稳定性频率从251Hz增加到258Hz.不稳定性振幅与大气压力比值从2.7%增加到6.1%.对燃烧室进行了定常和非定常数值模拟以及声学模态分析,得到了周期性旋涡脱落的频率为260Hz和燃烧室系统的前5阶本征声学模态频率.其中第3阶纵向声学模态频率与实验值基本一致,说明维持不稳定性的机理为钝体火焰稳定器后旋涡的周期性对称脱落和燃烧室系统的第3阶纵向声学模态形成了耦合.