多推力室的气动谐振点火器研究

为了满足多推力室多次同步点火的需要，通过大量的空气气动谐振加热实验和理论分析，研究了两种利用气动谐振点火技术的多推力室点火器，即多管点火器和小点火器，给出了两种点火器的系统结构、试验参数以及部分试验结果。这两种点火器都能在1秒内提供不同流量的火焰燃气，分别适用于较小推力室和较大推力室的点火。在实验室中进行的多次点火试验结果表明，这两种点火器都可以可靠地进行海平面上多推力室的多次同步点火。     

Schumann resonance frequency and conductivity in the nighttime ionosphere of Mars: A source for lightning

We have solved the Maxwellian equations of electromagnetic waves which oscillate within the cavity formed in the lower ionosphere of Mars between 0 and 70?km. The electrical conductivity and Schumann Resonance (SR) frequencies are calculated in the lower ionosphere of Mars, in the presence of a major dust storm that occurred in Martian Year (MY) 25 at low latitude region (25°–35°S). It is found that the atmospheric conductivity reduced by one to two orders of magnitude in the presence of a dust storm. It represents a small dust layer at about 25–30?km altitudes where lightning can occur. We also found that the SR frequencies peak at?～18?km with values 19.9, 34.5 and 48.8?Hz for the modes l?=?1, 2 and 3, respectively, in the non-homogeneous medium. Our results indicate that practical or measurable values of SR are dependent on the altitudes.     

Two-dimensional phase plane structure and the stability of the orbital motion for space debris in the geosynchronous ring

Based on the orbital resonance model, we study the two-dimensional phase plane structure of the motion of space debris orbiting the geosynchronous ring under the combined effects of the tesseral harmonics J₂₂, J₃₁ and J₃₃ of the Earth’s gravitational field. We present the main characteristic parameters of the two-dimensional phase plane structure. We also analyze the stability of the two-dimensional phase plane structure with numerical method. Our main findings indicate that the combined effects of the tesseral harmonics J₂₂, J₃₁ and J₃₃ fully determine the two-dimensional phase plane structure of the space debris, and it remains robust under the effect of the Earth’s actual gravitational field, the luni-solar perturbations and the solar radiation pressure with the normal area-to-mass ratios.     

Lunar exosphere influence on lunar-based near-ultraviolet astronomical observations

The potential effect of the lunar exosphere on the near-ultraviolet sky background emission is predicted for Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope (LUT: a funded Chinese scientific payload for the Chang’e-III mission). Using the upper limit on the OH concentration inferred from the recent MIP CHACE results, our calculations show that the sky brightness due to the illuminated exosphere is <8.7 photons⁻¹ cm⁻² arcsec⁻² within the wavelength range 245–340 nm. By evaluating the signal-to-noise ratios of observations of an AB = 13 mag point source at a series of sky background levels, our analysis indicates that the detection performance of LUT can be moderately degraded by the lunar exosphere emission in most cases. An AB = 13 mag point source can still be detected by the telescope at a signal-to-noise ratio more than 8 when the OH concentration is less than 2 × 10⁸ molecules cm⁻³. However, the effect on the performance is considerable when the exosphere is as dense as suggested by CHACE.     

Resonance transitions associated to weak capture in the restricted three-body problem

An interesting dynamics is studied in the restricted three-body problem where a particle abruptly transitions between resonance states, called a resonance hop. It occurs in a region about the secondary mass point which supports weak capture. This region, called a weak stability boundary, was recently proven to give rise to chaotic dynamics. Although it was numerically known that the resonance hop was associated with this boundary, this process was not well understood. In addition, the dynamical structure of the weak stability boundary has not been well understood. In this paper, we give a way to reveal the global structure of the weak stability boundary associated to resonance motions. This structure is shown to be surprisingly rich in resonant periodic motions interconnected by invariant manifolds. In this case, nearly all the motions are approximately resonant in nature where resonance hops can occur. The correlation dimension of orbits undergoing resonant motions, associated to the weak stability boundary, is also examined. The dynamics analyzed in the present paper is related to that studied by J. Marsden et al. under the perspective of Lyapunov orbits and the associated invariant manifolds. Applications are discussed.     

主轴失准条件下的半球谐振陀螺电刚度补偿方法

半球谐振陀螺是一种基于哥氏效应的固体波动陀螺,具有高精度、长寿命、高可靠性的优势。频差直接影响着陀螺仪表的测量精度。针对存在主轴失准角的情况,文章建立了包含主轴失准角在内的完整电刚度补偿动力学模型,并给出了不同失准角度下谐振子电刚度补偿方案以及仿真结果,仿真结果表明,利用多电极组合补偿的方法能够实现主轴失准条件下的残余频差的完全抑制,为谐振子频差的电刚度补偿方法提供了借鉴。     

滚动轴承故障诊断的自适应共振解调技术

针对共振解调技术在实际使用中存在必须事先通过冲击试验确定高频共振频率和带通滤波器的中心频率固定不变的缺点,提出了自适应共振解调技术。自适应共振解调技术可以在共振解调处理之前依靠对振动信号的频谱分析自动识别高频共振频率,然后根据被测对象的高频共振频率自适应地改变带通滤波器的中心频率。并研究了自适应共振解调技术的实现方法,并对实际轴承振动信号进行了自适应共振解调分析。研究结果表明,该技术可方便地在工程中应用。      

气动谐振管加热效应初步实验

为了有效地应用气动谐管加热现象的热效应，以发展液体火箭发动机的气动谐振管点火新技术，需要获得谐振管热效应的变化规律。实验测量了三种谐振管，即圆柱型、阶梯型和锥柱型谐振管间的表面加热温度。实验中主要考虑喷嘴与谐振管间的分离距离以及供气压力的变化。所获得的谐振加热特性可用于实际谐振加热装置的设计。     

电子回旋共振离子推力器放电室低信号调试

微波输入技术是电子回旋共振离子推力器的关键技术之一,输入微波在推力器放电室内产生谐振的时候,微波功率才能高效地被吸收,从而电离气体,提高电子的能量,增加等离子体的电离度。电子回旋共振离子推力器放电室是一个不规则的微波谐振腔,很难从理论上确定其谐振状态下的结构。本文利用网络分析仪,采用微波无源器件回波损耗的测试方法对放电室进行精确调谐,分析微波谐振频率及带宽,目的在于详细研究放电室的结构尺寸、微波耦合探针形状和尺寸在谐振状态下的匹配性。调试结果表明放电室增加14 mm圆柱段,选择圆柱段长度22 mm和球形直径9 mm的组合探针,可以得到较好的谐振状态,此时腔体的回波损耗为-23 dB,谐振频率4.195 GHz,谐振带宽为0.025 0 GHz,品质因素为167.848。     

航天器共振轨道研究

建立航天器非开普勒运动理论是航天技术发展的必然。提出了一类非开普勒轨道——共振轨 道。共振是自然界的一种普遍现象,当发生共振时,很小的输入可以使系统的状态产生较大 变化。研究表明航天器在推力作用下的非开普勒运动在参数平面内可以视为一种受迫振 动,也会发生共振现象。因此,可以利用共振原理来研究航天器的运动,称这样一类非开普 勒轨道为共振轨道。首先通过合理地选择轨道描述参数、时间尺度和推力描述方式建立 航天器共振轨道的动力学模型。然后讨论航天器在推力作用下轨道运动的振动规律,并给出 共振轨道的概念及轨道方程。最后提出基于共振轨道的机动轨道设计方法。