太阳系多目标探测轨道优化设计

将太阳系多目标探测的轨道优化设计问题转换成非线性规划问题,建立了轨道优化模型.针对非线性规划问题解的多峰性,设计了一种融合改进的网格搜索算法和差分进化算法的组合优化算法.利用改进的网格搜索算法以适当的步长寻找理想的发射窗口和各阶段转移时间,产生差分进化的初始群体,进而使用差分进化算法搜索初始群体附近的子空间,通过全局范围内的比较得到较理想的结果.最后以2018 ～2020年太阳系多目标探测为例,面向土星环绕探测任务完成了飞行中途探测太阳系多颗大行星的轨道优化设计.数值仿真结果表明上述算法对太阳系多目标探测轨道优化设计具有较好的通用性和应用参考价值.     

基于差分进化算法的再入可达域快速计算#br#

针对高升阻比高超飞行器再入可达域计算问题,提出了基于差分进化算法和倾侧角插值相结合的混合求解方案。通过设计罚函数和适应度函数极值化将再入过程等式约束和不等式约束添加到优化指标。为了减小参数化倾侧角剖面的搜索空间,利用带约束的差分进化算法求解满足再入过程约束和终端约束的再入轨迹。在分别得到最大横向航程和最大纵向航程的倾侧角剖面后,利用插值法快速生成倾侧角指令集,进而实现再入可达域的快速计算。以高升阻比飞行器CAV H为对象,设计仿真算例,结果表明,该混合优化求解方案易于实现且具有良好的可操作性。     

TC11钛合金片层组织热变形行为及组织演变

通过热压缩试验研究了具有初始β转变组织的TC11钛合金在两相区800～980 ℃和应变速率0.001～0.1 s-1范围内的热变形行为和组织演变.分析了该合金在试验参数范围内变形的应力-应变曲线特征.动力学分析获得该合金在两相区变形的应力指数和变形激活能分别为4.42和490.8 kJ·mol-1,说明变形主要是位错的滑移和攀移过程.分析变形组织认为,片层组织的球化和弯折是两相区变形应力软化的原因.温度和应变速率严重影响片层组织球化过程的进行,980 ℃,0.001 s-1和0.01 s-1,以及950℃,0.001 s-1条件下变形有利于片层组织球化过程的充分进行.900～980 ℃,0.001～0.1 s-1球化过程中,变形到稳态的等轴α直径与温度补偿应变速率参数Z呈对数线性关系.     

Interior Evolution of Mercury

The interior evolution of Mercury—the innermost planet in the solar system, with its exceptional high density—is poorly known. Our current knowledge of Mercury is based on observations from Mariner 10’s three flybys. That knowledge includes the important discoveries of a weak, active magnetic field and a system of lobate scarps that suggests limited radial contraction of the planet during the last 4 billion years. We review existing models of Mercury’s interior evolution and further present new 2D and 3D convection models that consider both a strongly temperature-dependent viscosity and core cooling. These studies provide a framework for understanding the basic characteristics of the planet’s internal evolution as well as the role of the amount and distribution of radiogenic heat production, mantle viscosity, and sulfur content of the core have had on the history of Mercury’s interior. The existence of a dynamo-generated magnetic field suggests a growing inner core, as model calculations show that a thermally driven dynamo for Mercury is unlikely. Thermal evolution models suggest a range of possible upper limits for the sulfur content in the core. For large sulfur contents the model cores would be entirely fluid. The observation of limited planetary contraction (∼1–2 km)—if confirmed by future missions—may provide a lower limit for the core sulfur content. For smaller sulfur contents, the planetary contraction obtained after the end of the heavy bombardment due to inner core growth is larger than the observed value. Due to the present poor knowledge of various parameters, for example, the mantle rheology, the thermal conductivity of mantle and crust, and the amount and distribution of radiogenic heat production, it is not possible to constrain the core sulfur content nor the present state of the mantle. Therefore, it is difficult to robustly predict whether or not the mantle is conductive or in the convective regime. For instance, in the case of very inefficient planetary cooling—for example, as a consequence of a strong thermal insulation by a low conductivity crust and a stiff Newtonian mantle rheology—the predicted sulfur content can be as low as 1 wt% to match current estimates of planetary contraction, making deep mantle convection likely. Efficient cooling—for example, caused by the growth of a crust strongly in enriched in radiogenic elements—requires more than 6.5 wt% S. These latter models also predict a transition from a convective to a conductive mantle during the planet’s history. Data from future missions to Mercury will aid considerably our understanding of the evolution of its interior.     

近α型钛合金长时高温暴露过程中显微组织演变及其对热稳定性的影响

研究了近α型钛合金TG6经α+β两相区热加工的盘锻件在600℃长时暴露过程中的显微组织演变及其对热稳定性的影响。结果表明:经600℃/100h和600℃/300h长时高温暴露后,TG6钛合金的室温拉伸强度略有提高,其增幅在5%左右,而其拉伸塑性显著降低,塑性保持率小于50%,拉伸断口趋于平直化,且存在梯田状台阶和二次裂纹等,表现为显著的解理断裂特征。在600℃高温长时暴露过程中,TG6钛合金中的显微组织变化主要有在基体组织中的共格有序α2相析出及硅化物析出。随着高温暴露时间的延长,TG6钛合金的显微组织逐渐趋于稳定,拉伸性能的变化也相应趋缓。α2相析出促进了拉伸变形时位错滑移的平面化及变形不均匀,是热稳定性下降的主要原因;而硅化物析出协同促进位错滑移集中化,是热稳定性下降的次要因素。     

13Cr4Mo4Ni4VA钢复合化学热处理过程渗层组织性能演变

对13Cr4Mo4Ni4VA钢进行了表层复合化学热处理,即在渗碳硬化层的基础上再进行渗氮处理,形成复合硬化层.采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子探针(EMPA)及显微硬度梯度测试等方法对复合化学热处理过程组织性能的演变规律进行探索研究.结果表明,13Cr4Mo4Ni4VA钢在复合化学...     

120°模具室温8道次ECAP变形纯钛的组织演化

在室温下以等径弯曲通道变形(ECAP)技术制备超细晶工业纯钛,利用光学显微镜(OM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究室温ECAP变形纯钛微观组织演变过程,并讨论纯钛室温ECAP变形的显微组织演化机制。结果表明:显微组织演化分为3个不同阶段,分别对应3种不同机制:第一阶段在真应变ε≤1.27时,为位错滑移和孪生交互作用细化机制,形成含有高密度位错和孪晶的板条状组织;第二阶段在真应变量1.27<ε<2.54时,为动态回复细化机制,晶粒进一步细化至~0.25μm,形成典型的变形亚晶组织;第三阶段在真应变量ε≥2.54时,为不平衡晶界的转动细化机制,形成平均晶粒尺寸约为0.2μm的等轴状大角度晶界超细晶组织。     

机抖激光陀螺稳频电路发展综述

激光陀螺作为惯性系统的核心器件之一,其性能的优劣直接影响惯性系统的精度.目前激光陀螺的性能提升主要得益于相关电路方面的改进.而稳频电路作为激光陀螺控制电路的重要组成部分,其对激光陀螺的性能起到至关重要的作用.本文主要研究了二频机抖激光陀螺稳频电路的研究进展情况,介绍稳频电路的发展历史及趋势,概括了其工作原理及实现方式,...     

先进的机场场面导向和控制系统浅析

放眼全球化的当今社会,航空交通密度日益增大,机场运营繁忙,部分枢纽型机场的吞吐量逐渐趋近饱和。这种现状对先进的机场场面导向和控制系统提出了更高的要求。与传统的机场导向和控制系统SMGCS(Surface Movement Guidance and Control System)相比,先进的机场场面导向和控制系统A-SMGCS(Advanced-Surface Movement Guidance and Control System)功能分为四部分:监视、路由、导向及控制。将对A-SMGCS的应用背景和发展状况给出较为全面的调研总结[1],并结合ICAOA-SMGCS Manual[3]论述对A-SMGCS提出详细功能需求,最后在此基础上提出A-SMGCS的系统功能架构。     

降雨条件下飞机尾涡演化数值模拟研究

降雨作为一种气象条件,与飞机尾涡相互作用,改变自身与尾涡的动力学特性.高强度的尾涡导致后机难以着陆、复飞甚至坠机等后果,因此尾涡的演化进程对评估后机的飞行安全有重要意义.为了分析尾涡与降雨的相互干扰,基于欧拉-欧拉多相流模型,研究了降雨条件下的尾涡演化特性.对于多相流模型中的空气相模拟,采用大涡模拟湍流模型,雨相通过两...