基于碰撞概率的交会对接近距离导引段的轨迹安全

提出了一种利用碰撞概率思想来描述交会对接近距离导引段飞行器轨迹安全的方法,这种方法采用最大瞬时碰撞概率来定量描述两个飞行器的碰撞危险程度。推导了最大瞬时碰撞概率的计算公式,其过程可分为三步:首先基于CW方程外推初始相对状态和误差协方差矩阵,然后利用外推后的相对状态和误差协方差矩阵计算瞬时碰撞概率,最后求出感兴趣区间内的最大瞬时碰撞概率。数值算例表明最大瞬时碰撞概率是描述交会对接近距离段两个飞行器碰撞危险程度的一个较好的指标。     

联盟TM交会对接的地面远程导引段制导方法分析与研究

就俄罗斯联盟TM 号飞船与和平号轨道空间站交会对接中的远距离接近段所报导的一些数据对其制导方法进行分析与研究。分析与计算结果表明, 采用固定时间燃料最省的四次冲量方法所获得的冲量大小、方向及冲量施加的时间与报导极为吻合     

Study on JAXA elements for international lunar vicinity mission

JAXA has commenced technical research for contributing as a part of international partnership for the space exploration in Lunar vicinity. One of the candidates is the cargo transport mission with the combination of Cryogenic Propulsion Stage(s) (CPS) and a transfer vehicle derived from Japanese un-manned vehicle used for ISS. The CPS needs advanced technologies to keep the propellant for long mission duration and they will be useful in further missions beyond moon. This paper reports the profile of the mission, vehicle configurations, and the transport capabilities.     

误差情况下航天器交会任务的实现

在进行航天器交会对接制导方案设计时 ,必须考虑在误差情况下航天器交会任务的实现。在水平推力冲量多弧段交会机动方案基础上 ,设计了二次冲量修正法对各种误差引起的交会过程误差进行制导修正。仿真算例结果表明 ,设计的制导方法是可行的 ,而且不影响原交会机动制导方案的优点。     

人控交会对接控制方法研究

追踪器上的航天员根据摄像机的图像手动操作手柄完成目标器和追踪器的对接任务,为了减轻航天员负担,提高人控对接成功率,文章提出的思路是姿态控制采用自动控制,使得追踪器姿态和合作目标器姿态保持一致,航天员只负责相对位置控制。文章给出了航天员的相对位置控制策略,并将全系数自适应控制和PID控制方法用于追踪器的姿态控制。仿真结果表明,采用全系数自适应控制进行姿态控制过渡过程时间短、稳态精度高,有利于航天员完成人控对接的任务。     

论空间交会最终平移段制导设计

文章阐述了空间交会最终平移段的制导设计方法。在最终平移段 ,追踪航天器沿视线方向作受迫运动 ,逼近目标航天器对接部位 ,追踪航天器相对速度的变化一般考虑指数型与等速型两种模式 ,采用分段制导策略。由追踪航天器相对运动轨迹及速度变化率确定机动加速度 ,在工程上采用多次有限常推力机动方式或多次冲量机动方式     

GPS用于航天器交会对接的方案与模糊度OTF解算研究

设计了GPS相对导航在航天器交会对接中应用的两种方案 ;认为在交会对接相对导航的过程中 ,可以进行载波相位模糊度的OTF解算 ,以直接利用高精度的载波相位观测量 ,提高交会对接测量的精度。通过实算 ,对结论进行了验证。     

空间交会中激光搜索跟踪系统的研究

空间交会是航天领域里非常复杂的飞行过程之一。本文提出了一种用激光搜索跟踪技术实现空间交会的方法，它具有雷达、导航和通信的功能，基于此方法建立追踪航天器和目标航天器的激光搜索跟踪系统模型，并进行计算机仿真，能够完成系统指标的计算，此外仿真软件还能够根据设定的场景进行动画演示。     

Motion-planning and pose-tracking based rendezvous and docking with a tumbling target

Rendezvous and docking (RVD) with a tumbling target is challenging. In this paper, a novel control scheme based on motion planning and pose (position and attitude) tracking is proposed to solve the pose control of a chaser docking with a tumbling target in the phase of close range rendezvous. Firstly, the current desired motion of the chaser is planned according to the motion of the target. In planning the desired motion, the “approach path constraint” is considered to avoid collisions between the chaser and the target, and the “field-of-view constraint” is considered to make sure the vision sensors on the chaser to obtain tight relative pose knowledge of the target with respect to the chaser. Then, the difference between the chaser’s motion and the desired motion is gradually reduced by a pose tracking controller. This controller is based on the non-singular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) method to make the tracking error converge to zero in finite time. Since the chaser nearly moves along the desired motion and the motion is reasonable, (1) it could safely arrive at the docking port of the target with a suitable relative attitude, (2) it will be always suitably oriented to observe the target well, and (3) the magnitude of the needed control inputs are less than that in existing literatures. The numerical results demonstrate the above three advantages of the proposed method.     

A rendezvous navigation algorithm for orbit determination, based on visual measurements by space vehicle crew members

At present, various radio navigation systems are employed during the automated approach of a transport vehicle to a space station. Experience has shown that emergency situations can occur in which it is necessary to revert to manual override of the automatic approach.Such situations have indeed occurred during flight operations of the space station Mir. The crews of the transport vehicles and the Mir used manual steering more than 30 times for successful docking, and four times for approach to the station.Successful manual steering demands absolute understanding of the relative orbit parameters. The decisive task of the crew is to determine these relative parameters. This is possible using visual observations from either the transport vehicle or the station using simple and reliable instruments. This article explains the algorithm for determining the relative orbits from visual crew observations, based on similarities of relative orbit families.