基于多余观测分量的整周模糊度可靠性检验方法

针对常规模糊度检验三步法中存在的错误模糊度整数解漏检的情况,分析了错误整周模糊度、观测值残差及多余观测分量矩阵之间的内在联系,阐述了参考星变化对多余观测分量矩阵主对角线元素的影响,进而提出了一种基于多余观测分量的整周模糊度可靠性检验方法。该方法根据多余观测分量主对角线占优原则实现部分卫星的模糊度可靠性检验。对于多余观测分量主对角线不占优的卫星,利用多余观测分量绝对值最大的情况进行整周模糊度可靠性检验,从而完成所有卫星的模糊度可靠性检验。     

偏置式冗余空间机械臂逆运动学求解的参数化方法

针对肩、肘、腕均有偏置的空间站遥操作机械臂（SSRMS）型7DOF冗余机械臂,提出了逆运动学求解的关节角参数化及臂型角参数化两种方法。前者根据机械臂的臂型特征,推导以θ1、θ2、θ6、θ7中的一个作为给定参数时其他关节角的表达式,得出8种可能解;后者首先构造与SSRMS型机械臂相对应的零偏置球关节-旋转关节-球关节（SRS）机械臂,然后以臂型角为参数求解SRS机械臂的逆运动学,再根据SSRMS与SRS机械臂的关系,得到SSRMS的8组逆解。仿真算例校验了所提方法的有效性。     

双捷联冗余控制系统中的加速度计及陀螺仪判别方法研究

采用冗余技术可以大幅度地提高运载火箭控制系统的可靠性。根据我国现有惯性器件的发展水平，挠性陀螺速率捷联技术比较成熟，因此利用挠性陀螺速率惯测组合组成双捷联冗余控制系统是目前实现冗余的可行之路。目前广泛使用的挠性速率惯测组合是某些型号所采用的“五表”组合，本文对以其构成的双捷联冗余系统，进行了加速度计及陀螺仪判别方法研究，并探讨了惯性组合采用非平行安装的方案。最后进行了数学仿真试验。结果表明，本文提出的加速度计及陀螺判别方法可以有效地进行冗余信息的管理。     

高稳定高可靠多平台兼容RTK精密定位系统设计与实现

针对RTK精密定位系统存在的稳定性差、可靠性低、系统兼容能力低等问题,提出了高稳定高可靠多平台兼容RTK精密定位系统设计方法。该系统基于冗余式方法设计GNSS定位单元,以提高系统兼容性;基于工作距离设计冗余式修正信息交互方式,并设计了基于ARM+DSP架构的AM5728实时解算RTK修正信息,通过复合型高速通信链路共享信息。以精密标定点为参考测试其定位精度并采用CEP评估其定位精准性,评估结果表明,CEP=0.0071m,说明定位精度高且可靠性好,解决了稳定性差、可靠性低、系统兼容能力低的问题,有效弥补了RTK精密定位系统领域受限的不足。     

故障容错机械臂运动学可靠性设计

从机械臂运动学的角度，定义了故障容错机械臂、故障容错机械臂的阶、通用故障容错机械臂、特定任务故障容错机械臂，论证了通过运动学关节冗余也同样可以提高机械臂系统的可靠性、故障容错机械臂应该具备的自由度数、以及针对不同的任务要求来设计故障容错机械臂的方法。通过将任务空间抽象简化为一系列的特征点，建立与机械臂参数向理想值接近程度相关的罚函数，选择有效的优化算法，设计出了通用一阶故障容错平面位置机械臂、通用一阶故障容错空间位置机械臂、以及特定任务一阶故障容错平面位置机械臂。建立起完整的故障容错机械臂设计方法，对航天机器人的研究具有一定价值。     

Analytical and semi-analytical inverse kinematics of SSRMS-type manipulators with single joint locked failure

Redundant space manipulators, including Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS), Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM) and European Robotic Arm (ERA), have been playing important roles in the construction and maintenance of International Space Station (ISS). They all have 7 revolute joints arranged in similar configurations, and are referred to as SSRMS-type manipulators.     

“Biospherics” approach for studies of natural and artificial ecosystems

The main unifying feature of natural and artificial ecosystems is their biotic turnover (cycling) of substances which is induced with energy fluxes. A new integrating scientific discipline – Biospherics – studies biotic cycles (both in experiments and in mathematical models) of different degree of closure and complexity. By its origin, Biospherics is to be connected with extensive studies of Biosphere by Russian academician Vladimir Vernadsky. He developed and used “empirical generalizations” based on innumerous observations, comparisons and reflections. His “bio-geo-chemical principles” of Biosphere and ecosystems development have more qualitative than quantitative nature. Quantitative criteria to evaluate the efficiency of natural and artificial ecosystems are to take into account energy fluxes and their use in ecosystems of different types. At least, three of them are of value for estimation of natural and artificial ecosystems’ functional activities. Energy principle of extensive development (EPED), energy principle of intensive development (EPID) and main universal (generalized) criterion (MUC). The last criterion (Principle) characterizes the specific cycling rate of limiting chemical elements in multi-organism systems, developing under external energy fluxes. Its value can be a quantitative measure of effectiveness for every ecosystem functioning, including our global Biosphere. Different examples of these (above-mentioned) integrated criteria actions are presented and analyzed in the paper.     

冗余技术在捷联惯导系统中的应用研究

在简要介绍冗余技术的基本概念和发展状况的基础上，指出了目前飞行器控制系统存在的主要问题，并将冗余技术引入捷联惯导系统，使捷联惯导系统可靠性迅速提高，同时获得了大量重复测量数据。最后给出了工程应用实例，并探讨了进行冗余设计时需要注意的几个问题。     

A fault-tolerant triple-redundant voice coil motor for direct drive valves: Design, optimization, and experiment

A direct drive actuator (DDA) with direct drive valves (DDVs) as the control device is an ideal solution for a flight actuation system. This paper presents a novel triple-redundant voice coil motor (TRVCM) used for redundant DDVs. The TRVCM features electrical/mechanical hybrid triple-redundancy by securing three stators along with three moving coils in the same frame. A permanent magnet (PM) Halbach array is employed in each redundant VCM to simplify the system structure. A back-to-back design between neighborly redundancies is adopted to decouple the magnetic flux linkage. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is implemented to optimize design parameters based on the analytical magnetic circuit model. The optimization objective function is defined as the acceleration capacity of the motor to achieve high dynamic performance. The optimal geometric parameters are verified with 3D magnetic field finite element analysis (FEA). A research prototype has been developed for experimental purpose. The experimental results of magnetic field density and force output show that the proposed TRVCM has great potential of applications in DDA systems.     

卫星推进系统检漏多余物控制分析

卫星推进系统每个检漏阶段均需要充入气体进行检漏,充气过程是推进系统内部多余物控制的重点。文章梳理了卫星推进系统检漏充气过程多余物控制的要素,通过大量基础试验得到了详细的试验数据,在此基础上分析多余物控制的各个环节,总结出具有针对性的多余物控制方法。该研究可以广泛应用于各类航天器推进系统的多余物控制。