Performance improvement of real-time PPP ambiguity resolution using a regional integer clock

Obtaining reliable GNSS uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) or integer clock products is the key to achieving ambiguity-fixed solutions for real-time (RT) precise point positioning (PPP) users. However, due to the influence of RT orbit errors, the quality of UPD/integer clock products estimated with a globally distributed GNSS network is difficult to ensure, thereby affecting the ambiguity resolution (AR) performance of RT-PPP. In this contribution, by fully utilising the consistency of orbital errors in regional GNSS network coverage areas, a method is proposed for estimating regional integer clock products to compensate for RT orbit errors. Based on Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES) RT precise products, the regional GPS/BDS integer clock was estimated with a CORS network in the west of China. Results showed that the difference between the estimated regional and CNES global integer clock/bias products was generally less than 5 cm for GPS, whereas clock differences of greater than 10 cm were observed for BDS due to the large RT orbit error. Compared with PPP using global integer clock/bias products, the AR performance of PPP using the regional integer clock was obviously improved for four rover stations. For single GPS, the horizontal and vertical accuracies of ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions were improved by 56.2% and 45.3% on average, respectively, whereas improvements of 67.5% and 50.5% in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, were observed for the combined GPS/BDS situation. Based on a regional integer clock, the RMS error of a kinematic ambiguity-fixed PPP solution in the horizontal direction could reach 0.5 cm. In terms of initialisation time, the average time to first fix (TTFF) in combined GPS/BDS PPP was shortened from 18.2 min to 12.7 min. In view of the high AR performance realised with the use of regional integer clocks, this method can be applied to scenarios that require high positioning accuracy, such as deformation monitoring.     

液体火箭发动机地面试车实时故障检测参数的选取

合理有效的参数选择是液体火箭发动机地面试车实时故障检测系统的一个核心而基础的研究问题.本文首先进行了检测系统采集参数的需求分析;之后将液体火箭发动机测量参数作为方案层,各测量参数对发动机故障的敏感性、参数稳定性和参数相关性等作为准则层,测量参数对实时故障检测的有效性作为目标层,建立了液体火箭发动机参数选择层次结构模型;最后利用模糊层次分析法确定了某型LRE地面试车的实时故障检测参数.通过历史试车数据对参数选择的效果分析表明:所确定的检测参数能够全面表征LRE的运行状态,具有较强的故障表征能力和故障敏感性.从而,为科学合理的选择发动机地面试车实时故障检测参数提供了根据,解决了一直以来依靠定性方法确定发动机检测参数的问题.     

DSP技术在智能化引信中的应用

为提高无线电定高引信性能，将高速数字信号处理器(DSP)、复杂可编程器件(CPLD)、可编程门阵列(FPGA)和直接数字频率合成(DDS)等，应用于引信的时序产生、控制和信号处理电路。在不同空域采用变换时序和发射脉冲宽度的方法，可同时保证引信的灵敏度和相对精度。特别是在超低空时，充分利用微波泄漏信号和DSP的数字信号处理功能，能使定高引信在发射脉宽相同的情况下，获得更好的定高精度和超低空特性，并具有实时适应性和智能性。     

Efficient schedulability analysis for mixed-criticality systems under deadline-based scheduling

Safety-critical avionics systems which become more complex and tend to integrate multiple functionalities with different levels of criticality for better cost and power efficiency are subject to certifications at various levels of rigorousness. In order to simultaneously guarantee temporal constraints at all different levels of assurance mandated by different criticalities, novel scheduling techniques are in need. In this paper, a mixed-criticality sporadic task model with multiple virtual deadlines is built and a certification-cognizant dynamic scheduling approach referred as earliest virtual-deadline first with mixed-criticality（EVDF-MC） is considered, which exploits different relative deadlines of tasks in different criticality modes. As for the corresponding schedulability analysis problem, a sufficient and efficient schedulability test is proposed on the basis of demand-bound functions derived in the mixed-criticality scenario. In addition, a modified simulated annealing（MSA）-based heuristic approach is established for virtual deadlines assignment. Experiments performing simulations with randomly generated tasks indicate that the proposed approach is computationally efficient and competes well against the existing approaches.     

Parallel,adaptive, multi-object trajectory integrator for space simulation applications

Computer simulation is a very helpful approach for improving results from space born experiments. Initial-value problems (IVPs) can be applied for modeling dynamics of different objects – artificial Earth satellites, charged particles in magnetic and electric fields, charged or non-charged dust particles, space debris. An ordinary differential equations systems (ODESs) integrator based on applying different order embedded Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg methods is developed. These methods enable evaluation of the local error. Instead of step-size control based on local error evaluation, an optimal integration method is selected. Integration while meeting the required local error proceeds with constant-sized steps. This optimal scheme selection reduces the amount of calculation needed for solving the IVPs. In addition, for an implementation on a multi core processor and parallelization based on threads application, we describe how to solve multiple systems of IVPs efficiently in parallel.     

速率捷联惯导系统陀螺仪误差分段补偿技术研究

分析标度因数误差补偿的必要性和可行性,提出了对陀螺按照角速度 大小分段进行标定比例系数的方法,以补偿由于角速度变化而引起的陀螺标度 因数误差。通过计算机仿真验证了误差补偿方法的正确性,为实际应用提供了 理论依据。     

基于PXI总线的实时综合测试系统研究

为提高现有卫星测试系统的效率,对基于PXI总线的实时综合测试系统进行了研究。给出了测试系统的中央控制台、实时测试仿真单元和控制输出单元和辅助测试装置主要硬件构成,以及任务管理、实时测试仿真单元、控制输出单元和显示终端等软件组成。介绍了系统的工作原理,以及实时测控、多平台间实时数据共享交互等关键技术。结果表明,该系统从实时测试仿真单元信号采集至仿真运算结束的时间约1~10 ms。     

基于Kalman滤波器的卫星钟实时异常监测算法

基于卫星钟钟差的Kalman滤波器模型,提出了一种卫星钟实时异常监测算法,对算法原理进行了讨论,并利用IGS精密钟差数据,对算法进行了性能验证。结果表明：该算法对卫星钟的异常情况（包括单点相位跳变与连续相位跳变）可以进行有效监测,同时还可以完成异常数据的剔除与替换,并且具有较小的替换误差。该算法具有显著的实时性,可以应用于星载原子钟的实时异常监测中。     

室外大气折射率结构常数实时测量研究

与传统的射频链路相比,自由空间光通信FSOC（Free Space Optical Communication）系统是对现有无线通信技术的有力补充,为了抑制大气湍流对信号光束带来的相位噪声和强度波动,有必要对通信信道状况进行实时监测。首先介绍了基于光斑质心漂移的大气折射率结构常数测量方法,利用大口径接收靶面和窄带滤光片,结合实时图像处理算法,实现了大气折射率结构常数的全天候实时监测。将大气折射率结构常数和光强闪烁指数进行了比较分析,测量结果表明它们的包络之间具有很好的线性关系,进一步验证了实时测量系统的可靠性。     

Receiver-channel based adaptive blind equalization approach for GPS dynamic multipath mitigation

Aiming at mitigating multipath effect in dynamic global positioning system (GPS) satellite navigation applications, an approach based on channel blind equalization and real-time recursive least square (RLS) algorithm is proposed, which is an application of the wireless communication channel equalization theory to GPS receiver tracking loops. The blind equalization mechanism builds upon the detection of the correlation distortion due to multipath channels; therefore an increase in the number of correlator channels is required compared with conventional GPS receivers. An adaptive estimator based on the real-time RLS algorithm is designed for dynamic estimation of multipath channel response. Then, the code and carrier phase receiver tracking errors are compensated by removing the estimated multipath components from the correlators’ outputs. To demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed approach, this technique is integrated into a GPS software receiver connected to a navigation satellite signal simulator, thus simulations under controlled dynamic multipath scenarios can be carried out. Simulation results show that in a dynamic and fairly severe multipath environment, the proposed approach achieves simultaneously instantaneous accurate multipath channel estimation and significant multipath tracking errors reduction in both code delay and carrier phase.