Carrier phase prediction method for GNSS precise positioning in challenging environment

Since the signals of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are blocked frequently in challenging environments, the discontinuous carrier phases seriously affect the application of GNSS precise positioning. To improve the carrier phase continuity, this paper proposes a carrier phase prediction method based on carrier open-loop tracking. In the open-loop tracking mode, the carrier numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is controlled by the predicted Doppler, but not by the loop filter output. To improve the phase prediction effective time, accurate receiver clock drift estimation is studied in the prediction method. The phase prediction performance is tested on GNSS software receiver. In the phase prediction effective time tests, open-loop processes were set for the tested channel. The test results show that, when some satellite signals are blocked in 15?s, the probability of carrier phase error less than quarter cycles is more than 94%. In the real time kinematic (RTK) positioning tests, some satellite signals are blocked in 10–15?s repeatedly. The test results show that, the carrier phase continuity is basically not affected by the signal interruption, and the RTK can almost keep continuous centimeter-level positioning accuracy without re-fixing the integer ambiguity.     

INTEGRATED GPS/INS OF PSEUDO-RANGE DELTA-RANGE SEMI-PHYSICAL SIMULATION'S RESEARCH

In order to further study the performance of tightly integrated navigation system of GPS/INS, a semi-physical simulation of tightly coupled system has been done based on the data gathered from the experiment of integrated system of GPS and INS. The closed-loop Kalman Filter and U-D discompose algorithm have been used. The simulation results associated to four integrated models of pseudo-range, delta-range, pseudo-range and delta-range alternation, and pseudo-range and delta-range synthesis have been provided, and the actual effects of variously integrated models have been analyzed. The results show that the pseudo-range and delta-range synthesis coupled model is the most effective to improve the coupled system performance and the individual delta-range coupled model had better be avoided in application.     

用两颗GPS卫星确定低轨卫星轨道的初值方法

研究了用两颗全球定位系统（ＧＰＳ）卫星粗略确定低轨卫星轨道的问题,并着重讨论了其中的初值问题,给出了一种有效的初值方法。实验结果证明：这种方法能给出一个确定的、实用的初值,大大减少了初轨计算的计算量,并使得算法收敛更加有保障。在工程实用方面比传统的猜测方法具有较大的优势。     

差分 GPS 鉴定地基雷达测量系统精度的方法研究

提出了利用差分ＧＰＳ分析地面雷测系统跟踪误差的思想,详细分析了各种误差源,建立了一组简洁的差分ＧＰＳ模型,构造了测量数据的比对分析算法以及具有良好抗野值能力的误差偏差最优统计算法,并利用模拟数据进行了仿真计算     

两星一地时差定位方法性能分析

针对同轨多星定位系统以及高低轨联合定位系统需要卫星数量多的特点,设想地面站和卫星联合定位体制。考虑到时差定位体制对卫星运动不敏感的特征,提出一星三地和两星一地2种定位体制,从定位场景、定位原理、理论定位误差和误差分布4个方面对定位效能分析。重点论述了两星一地时差定位误差的地理分布、时间分布以及受高度的影响,对将来的工程化应用提供支撑。     

星历误差对双星定位系统定位精度的影响

双星定位系统是我国自行研制开发的一种区域性卫星定位系统,其定位体制与 GPS 不同,并且其定位精度受到诸多因素的影响,其中星历误差的影响是不可忽略的因素。文中重点研究了星历误差对其定位精度的影响,并推导出了其数学误差模型,在一定条件下给出了其仿真结果,为分析其他误差因素对其定位精度的影响奠定了基础。     

GPS精密点定位的数据处理

在GPS精密点定位数据处理中,通常采用所谓无差分模型.然而,GPS单站观测量也可通过不同差分组合以减少未知参数数目,且在理论上与无差分模型等价.文中利用实际GPS观测数据,比较了不同点定位差分模型的定位精度和其他指标.     

用于识别双星故障的RAIM算法

由于传统的基于识别门限的卫星故障识别算法存在漏检和误警致使识别率较低,为此提出一种可用于识别双星故障的接收机自主完好性监测算法.该算法通过构造新的奇偶矢量与故障特征平面,利用奇偶矢量与故障特征平面之间的几何关系来识别卫星故障,使得算法不再受限于识别门限的影响,从而有效地避免了由于识别门限引起的识别效率较低的问题.计算机仿真结果表明:改进后的算法与传统的基于识别门限的算法相比,双星故障正确识别的性能有显著的提高,正确识别率可达到90%.同时,与基于门限识别的重构最优奇偶矢量法相比,计算量可减少约61.2%以上.     

航海光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统快速对准技术研究

针对中小型水面舰船对航海惯导系统快速对准的实际需求,结合光纤陀螺的误差特性,提出一种针对航海光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统的快速对准方法。该方法充分考虑光纤陀螺启动特性对惯导系统对准精度的影响,在对准过程中保存光纤陀螺输出平稳后的数据,并利用基于正反向联合导航和滤波的方法,重复利用输出平稳后的数据,缩短对准时间,提高系统对准精度。经过实际的舰载试验验证表明,采取该方法后,所研制的航海光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统在对准时间20min条件下的导航精度相当于传统方法对准时间1h条件下的导航精度,显示了本方法的正确性和有效性,为航海光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统的进一步工程应用提供了有力支撑。     

面向建筑空间的OFDM信号定位性能分析

针对利用OFDM信号进行定位时信号非连续性问题,提出一种粗检测和精细检测结合的测距方法,将距离测量转换为不同尺度的时延样点,采用时域粗检测快速估算接收OFDM信号的最大相关峰值,然后对传输时延进行频域精细测量,提升了小数倍采样周期时延测量的精度。在此基础上,分析了OFDM信号的定位性能,仿真结果表明,当OFDM信号在信噪比-11dB的情况下测距误差由3m左右(子载波数512)降至1m(子载波数4096)。