A closed-form solution for moving source localization using LBI changing rate of phase difference only

Due to the deficiencies in the conventional multiple-receiver localization systems based on direction of arrival(DOA) such as system complexity of interferometer or array and amplitude/phase unbalance between multiple receiving channels and constraint on antenna configuration,a new radiated source localization method using the changing rate of phase difference(CRPD)measured by a long baseline interferometer(LBI) only is studied. To solve the strictly nonlinear problem, a two-stage closed-form solution is proposed. In the first stage, the DOA and its changing rate are estimated from the CRPD of each observer by the pseudolinear least square(PLS) method,and then in the second stage, the source position and velocity are found by another PLS minimization. The bias of the algorithm caused by the correlation between the measurement matrix and the noise in the second stage is analyzed. To reduce this bias, an instrumental variable(IV) method is derived. A weighted IV estimator is given in order to reduce the estimation variance. The proposed method does not need any initial guess and the computation is small. The Cramer–Rao lower bound(CRLB) and mean square error(MSE) are also analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed method can be close to the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise.     

中国深空网首次△DOR联合测轨试验分析

通过分析中国深空网首次△DOR（Delta Differential One way Ranging,双差分单向测距）联合测轨试验的干涉测量事后数据,重点从观测量随机精度、闭合时延等方面讨论了国内深空网与国内VLBI（Very Long Baseline Interferometry,甚长基线干涉测量）观测网、国内深空网与国际深空网的联合干涉处理情况,并与ESOC（European Space Operation Center,欧洲空间操作中心）数据处理结果进行了比对.试验结果表明：我国深空网已具备独立或联合开展深空探测器导航测轨的系统支持能力;深空站系统具备高速率数据接收、采集、记录、传输能力,采集数据处理精度优于1 ns;深空网干涉测量信号处理中心具备多体制信号的干涉处理分析能力,其分析精度与ESOC处理精度差异在0.1 ns量级.     

Categorical Bias in Line Angle Judgments: Sex Differences and the Use of Multiple Categories

According to the Category Adjustment (CA) model, spatial estimates (e.g., of location) involve Bayesian combination across multiple, hierarchical pieces information, each weighted by its relative certainty. Recent work, though, has shown that men and women differ in terms of their certainty regarding fine-grained and categorical information in location memory. Here we demonstrate that this reflects a more general sex difference in visuospatial processing by examining bias patterns in a line angle judgment task (JLAP-15). In addition, the data suggest that multiple, hierarchical levels of categorical information influenced spatial judgments. These results imply that the hierarchical combination outlined by the CA model extends beyond two levels, and that men and women apply differential weighting to these representations.     

基于离心加速度信息的单站无源测距定位方法

针对只测向（B0）方法具有收敛速度慢、定位误差大等缺点，提出了一种利用角度及其变化率、离心加速度等信息进行单站无源测距定位的新方法。对该方法的单次测距误差进行了分析，经多次测量定位计算机仿真结果表明，该方法比只测角定位方法、角度及其变化率定位方法具有更高的定位精度和更快的收敛速度，并且具有更广的应用范围。     

导航星座的自主导航技术--卫星自主时间同步

基于星载原子时钟频率稳定性的Allan方差表达,建立系统状态方程,并以星间双向测量伪距差作为基本观测量,组成系统测量方程,从而可以设计适用于导航星座卫星时间同步的Kalman滤波算法。系统仿真结果表明：通过对星间双向测量数据的滤波处理,能够实现星座卫星时间精密同步。     

A systematic spatial bias in remembering eye positions

Categorical bias in location memory in geometric spaces is well established. The present study assessed the presence of the bias in locating eyes in images of human faces. Participants were presented with digital faces and indicated the position of one of the eyes in both upright and inverted orientations. Biases resulted from participants using multiple sources of accessible information. No differences were found for upright vs. inverted face images. Overall, the data were consistent with the retrieval category adjustment model. These distortions may be considered within the forensic context, when eyewitnesses work with a sketch artist or use a computer program to generate an image of the culprit.     

Evaluation of SARAL/AltiKa performance using GNSS/IMU equipped buoy in Sajafi,Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports

Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions.     

经验Bayes估计在距离测量中的应用研究

根据Ｂａｙｅｓ方法的基本思想,研究多组距离（长度）测试Ｂａｙｅｓ估计,推导出均值、方差未知时的距离（长度）、密集度检验所用公式。举例说明Ｂａｙｅｓ假设检验有关问题以及各种决策的期望损失,距离（长度）测量采用经验Ｂａｙｅｓ方法比较古典方法估值准确度高,置信区间小,将明显减少测量次数,缩短测试周期,提高测试质量。     

地基伪卫星系统多址测距误差的校正算法

相对于卫星导航,地基伪卫星与接收机距离较近,测距中不涉及电离层传播等误差,易实现高精度测距和定位。但由于地基伪卫星位置固定,在信号连续发射模式下伪卫星信号间的多址干扰(MAI)会引起相对恒定的测距误差,针对地基伪卫星系统这一特点,提出一种基于反馈串行干扰抵消(SIC)的测距算法。首先对全部伪卫星信号进行捕获跟踪和功率估计,然后通过串行干扰抵消算法降低强功率伪卫星信号对期望测距信号的干扰,通过反馈模式进一步提高干扰抵消算法的性能。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效改善地基伪卫星系统强远近效应区域内的测距性能,不考虑其他误差下在强远近效应区域内基于码环可将伪卫星测距性能从10 m以上降低到约0.3 m。     

高压脉冲电子束的控制及其对焊缝形貌影响

研制出一台150 kV/30 kW高压脉冲电子束焊机,介绍了控制脉冲束流产生的偏压脉冲电源拓扑电路结构及脉冲束流频率、占空比、束流基值、束流峰值的调节控制技术.在0~1 kHz频率范围内,该电源可输出最大幅值200 mA的脉冲电子束束流,且工艺参数调节方便.分别采用脉冲束流与连续束流电子束工艺焊接了1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢,对不同工艺的焊缝形貌进行了对比分析.与连续束流电子束焊接工艺相比,采用脉冲电子束焊接工艺的焊缝熔深增加,深宽比增大;对于脉冲电子束焊接工艺,占空比给定时,随着束流频率增加,焊接缺陷减少.试验结果表明:脉冲束流频率、占空比是影响焊缝成形的关键工艺参数;脉冲调制方式控制偏压是获得高压脉冲电子束的理想控制技术之一.