The Radio Observatory on the Lunar Surface for Solar studies

The Radio Observatory on the Lunar Surface for Solar studies (ROLSS) is a concept for a near-side low radio frequency imaging interferometric array designed to study particle acceleration at the Sun and in the inner heliosphere. The prime science mission is to image the radio emission generated by Type II and III solar radio burst processes with the aim of determining the sites at and mechanisms by which the radiating particles are accelerated. Specific questions to be addressed include the following: (1) Isolating the sites of electron acceleration responsible for Type II and III solar radio bursts during coronal mass ejections (CMEs); and (2) Determining if and the mechanism(s) by which multiple, successive CMEs produce unusually efficient particle acceleration and intense radio emission. Secondary science goals include constraining the density of the lunar ionosphere by searching for a low radio frequency cutoff to solar radio emission and constraining the low energy electron population in astrophysical sources. Key design requirements on ROLSS include the operational frequency and angular resolution. The electron densities in the solar corona and inner heliosphere are such that the relevant emission occurs at frequencies below 10 MHz. Second, resolving the potential sites of particle acceleration requires an instrument with an angular resolution of at least 2°, equivalent to a linear array size of approximately 1000 m. Operations would consist of data acquisition during the lunar day, with regular data downlinks. No operations would occur during lunar night.     

不同波段太阳射电爆发的准周期振荡

本文对1989年4月9日与4B级大耀斑伴生的两个波段(3750 MHz,2840 MHz)的射电大爆发进行了简单的初步分析。结果表明:这两个波段的爆发不仅各自具有繁多的周期,而且都存在30+3s的准周期振荡。这种现象可能与磁环的准周期振荡有关,或与粒子流有关。      

高弹道测量数据电波折射误差快速修正算法

飞行器制导精度评估、特别是航天器的姿态与定点控制、落点预报等，都离不开高精度的外弹道测量数据。在影响测量数据精度因素中，折射误差是主要误差源之一。目前折射误差修正方法中，一类精度很高，但计算速度太慢，无法应用于实时计算；一类速度很快，但因为使用的是简化模型，因而精度较差，难以满足未来高精度测控的需要。如何在确保实时计算速度基础上，又能提高其处理精度，正是文章构造出的快速折射修正二步方法所解决的课题。经仿真计算证明，该方法的结果完全满足实际工程对精度和速度的要求。     

射频电子源数值仿真及实验研究

射频电子源以其结构简单、不易受污染、寿命长、瞬时启动等优点,可以作为离子和霍尔电推进的中和器,显著提升其寿命和性能。为了研究射频电子源的优化设计方法,基于放电室等离子体整体模型和非双极流动模型开展了射频电子源性能的仿真评估,并对研制的1A级电子源样机开展了实验测试。研究结果显示:仿真与实验结果一致性较好,引出电子电流与收集电压、小孔直径、工质流率、射频功率相关,各参数相互耦合且存在最优组合,样机额定工作点下,电子源放电损耗为99W/A,工质利用率系数为11。     

An experiment to study solar flare effects on radio-communication signals

The occurrence of radio signal fading events caused by ionospheric absorption plays an important role in the performance of radio-communication systems. It is necessary to know the magnitude and time-scale of such events in order to specify technical parameters of the communication system to be used. Generally, fading events are associated with solar flares, which are characterized by sudden increase in the solar X-ray flux that causes an increase in the ionization in the lower ionosphere. The abrupt increase of ionization causes the absorption of radio waves propagating in the Earth–ionosphere wave-guide and is reported as radio signal fading events. A simple experiment to monitor the behavior of lower ionosphere has been carried out at the Southern Space Observatory-SSO/INPE (29.43°S, 53.8°W), located in southern Brazil. The experiment is basically a computer controlled radio receiver that records the received signal strength of Amplitude Modulated (AM) radio signals in the HF (High Frequencies) range. We analyzed data of the 6 MHz beacon signal that has been transmitted by a broadcasting radio station located about 400 km from the observation site. In this work we present initial results of daily variation of the received signal strength and fading events associated with solar flares observed in the 6 MHz signal monitored by the experiment during 2001. X-ray solar flux data from the GOES-8 satellite were used to identify X-ray solar bursts associated with solar flares. Based on the one-year data collected by the experiment, a statistical summary of fading occurrences and their correlation with solar flares, as well as the distributions of time-scales and magnitudes of such events are presented.     

Coronal loops and prominences as observed with RATAN-600

This paper presents a short summary of observations of coronal structures at microwaves using an instrument with high spatial resolution and good wavelength coverage. The comparison of the RATAN-600 data with optical observations of coronal loops in the green line and with the Very Large Array maps at 21 cm has shown that the loops represent only a small part of coronal matter, although their role may be of great importance in the physics of the solar corona. Prominence (filament) associated sources, especially peculiar ones, are also reviewed.     

射频卡读写模块的设计

提供作为射频卡读写器核心的射频卡读写模块的一种完整的设计方法。介绍其数字信号的编码、解码、调制、解调,输出射频信号的功率放大,输入射频信号的电压放大,比较电路等各部分的设计和调试方法。还讨论其电磁兼容性的设计。该模块对一张卡的操作距离达10cm。     

Radio/FADS/IMU integrated navigation for Mars entry

Supposing future orbiting and landing collaborative exploration mission as the potential project background, this paper addresses the issue of Mars entry integrated navigation using radio beacon, flush air data sensing system (FADS), and inertial measurement unit (IMU). The range and Doppler information sensed from an orbiting radio beacon, the dynamic pressure and heating data sensed from flush air data sensing system, and acceleration and attitude angular rate outputs from an inertial measurement unit are integrated in an unscented Kalman filter to perform state estimation and suppress the system and measurement noise. Computer simulations show that the proposed integrated navigation scheme can enhance the navigation accuracy, which enables precise entry guidance for the given Mars orbiting and landing collaborative exploration mission.     

Estimated errors in a global gravity wave climatology from GPS radio occultation temperature profiles

In a previous paper by Schmidt et al. (2008), from CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation data, a comparison was made between a Gaussian filter applied to the “complete” temperature profile and to its “separate” tropospheric and stratospheric height intervals, for gravity wave analyses. It was found that the separate filtering method considerably reduces a wave activity artificial enhancement near the tropopause, presumably due to the isolation process of the wave component. We now propose a simple approach to estimate the uncertainty in the calculation of the mean specific wave potential energy content, due exclusively to the filtering process of vertical temperature profiles, independently of the experimental origin of the data. The approach is developed through a statistical simulation, built up from the superposition of synthetic wave perturbations. These are adjusted by a recent gravity wave (GW) climatology and temperature profiles from reanalyses. A systematic overestimation of the mean specific wave potential energy content is detected and its variability with latitude, altitude, season and averaging height interval is highlighted.