An Event Horizon Imager(EHI) Mission Concept Utilizing Medium Earth Orbit Sub-mm Interferometry

Submillimeter interferometry has the potential to image supermassive black holes on event horizon scales, providing tests of the theory of general relativity and increasing our understanding of black hole accretion processes. The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) performs these observations from the ground, and its main imaging targets are Sagittarius A* in the Galactic Center and the black hole at the center of the M87 galaxy. However, the EHT is fundamentally limited in its performance by atmospheric effects and sparse terrestrial (u,v)-coverage (Fourier sampling of the image). The scientific interest in quantitative studies of the horizon size and shape of these black holes has motivated studies into using space interferometry which is free of these limitations. Angular resolution considerations and interstellar scattering effects push the desired observing frequency to bands above 500 GHz.
This paper presents the requirements for meeting these science goals, describes the concept of interferometry from Polar or Equatorial Medium Earth Orbits (PECMEO) which we dub the Event Horizon Imager (EHI), and utilizes suitable space technology heritage. In this concept, two or three satellites orbit at slightly different orbital radii, resulting in a dense and uniform spiral-shaped (u,v)-coverage over time. The local oscillator signals are shared via an inter-satellite link, and the data streams are correlated on-board before final processing on the ground. Inter-satellite metrology and satellite positioning are extensively employed to facilitate the knowledge of the instrument position vector, and its time derivative. The European space heritage usable for both the front ends and the antenna technology of such an instrument is investigated. Current and future sensors for the required inter-satellite metrology are listed. Intended performance estimates and simulation results are given.      

大气电波折射引起无线定位误差的试验研究

由于空中大气介质的不均匀性使得电波传播速度减慢射线产生弯曲,从而产生折射误差。因此要提高无线电定位的精度,就必须进行电波折射修正。本文提出了电波折射误差快速算法及修正。     

Space VLBI: from first ideas to operational missions

The operational period of the first generation of dedicated Space VLBI (SVLBI) missions commenced in 1997 with the launch of the Japan-led mission VSOP/HALCA and is coming to closure in 2019 with the completion of in-flight operations of the Russia-led mission RadioAstron. They were preceded by the SVLBI demonstration experiment with the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) in 1986–1988. While the comprehensive lessons learned from the first demonstration experiment and two dedicated SVLBI missions are still awaiting thorough attention, several preliminary conclusions can be made. This paper addresses some issues of implementation of these missions as they progressed over four decades from the original SVLBI concepts to the operational status.     

LEO-LEO微波掩星探测温度和水汽廓线研究进展

低地球轨道卫星间(LEO-LEO)微波掩星探测技术利用水汽吸收线附近信号,通过测量信号的折射和吸收作用,能够在没有辅助背景信息的情况下独立反演温度和水汽廓线,从而克服GNSS-LEO无线电掩星技术在大气中低对流层存在的"温度–水汽模糊"问题.目前,国内外还没有实现在轨的LEO-LEO掩星探测.为了促进我国LEO-LEO...     

临近空间高超声速飞行器黑障问题研究综述

首先对国内外黑障问题研究历史进行了回顾,然后从等离子体鞘套形成机理和基本特征、电波传播机理及信道特征等方面阐述了高超声速飞行器黑障问题的成因。随后,着重介绍了等离子体流场和电波传播数值模拟方法并分析了方法的适用性。进一步对等离子体地面模拟方法和诊断技术进行了概述,并对国内外地面黑障实验结果进行了详细分析。在此基础上,针对临近空间高超声速飞行器的特点,采用层次分析法(AHP)对现有黑障消除技术进行了评估,给出了目前工程实用方法、近期可能实现的工程实用解以及未来具有应用潜力的消除技术。最后,对黑障问题后续研究方向提出了几点建议。     

地月系L2平动点卫星月掩规避问题分析

针对地月系L2平动点附近的月掩现象,研究了地月系L2点绕飞卫星规避月掩的问题。依据采用设计李萨茹(Lissajous)轨道规避月掩的策略,首先研究了Lissajous轨道初始位置方向和轨道振幅对规避月掩持续时间的影响,进而对月掩规避轨道进行了设计与验证,最后定量分析了长时间规避月掩进行星地持续通信的效果。所设计的L2点绕飞轨道满足规避月掩的基本需求,研究结果对月掩规避轨道的工程设计和与"三体问题"相关的掩星研究具有参考意义。     

我国卫星导航系统相关技术发展分析

卫星导航系统应用广泛,有利于促进国民经济的快速发展。本文在介绍国内卫星导航系统及其国内市场状况基础上,结合北斗卫星导航相关产业发展趋势,从组合导航、增强系统、时钟同步和定向解算等方面分析了北斗卫星导航系统的技术成果,并讨论了有助于提高北斗卫星导航系统精度的相关辅助技术的发展情况。最后结合我国国情和国内卫星导航系统相关技术特点,给出我国第二代卫星导航定位系统发展的若干建议。     

机载相控阵雷达射频隐身时最优搜索性能研究

为提高机载相控阵雷达的生存能力,首次提出了一种基于射频隐身的雷达搜索方法。分析了影响雷达搜索性能的各个参数,将波束宽度、驻留时间和发射平均功率作为优化参数,将最小化能量消耗函数、最小化估计检测概率与期望检测概率的2范数作为目标,利用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法对雷达搜索模型进行优化。从最后Pareto解集中选取使两个目标函数乘积最小的解作为最优解。仿真结果表明,本文的算法与基于最大检测概率、最大起始跟踪距离的搜索方法相比,在具有较好检测性能的前提下,消耗较少的能量,具有较好的射频隐身能力。     

自扰抑制型巴克码多位置调制的研究

介绍应用于 IEEE80 2 .11协议中的自扰抑制型巴克码多位置调制 [1] 。对于 IEEE80 2 .11高速率的无线局域网 ,使用最多的是巴克码多位置调制。文中对巴克码位置调制和多位置调制作了简单的介绍。为了减少巴克码多位置调制中各路码序列之间的干扰 ,提出了自扰抑制型巴克码多位置调制。并对自扰抑制巴克码多位置调制的系统模型、系统信息传输速率、误码率等各项参数进行了详细的分析。     

机动飞行器的混合制导

文提出一种关于再入飞行器程序机动飞行的制导方案。该方案利用辐射传感装置,精确地确定再入飞行器机动起点的位置。再利用捷联式惯导系统控制飞行器的落点。