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121.
Carlos Granja Stanislav Pospisil 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
We investigate the application of the hybrid semiconductor pixel detector Timepix for precise characterization, quantum sensitivity dosimetry and visualization of the charged particle radiation and X-ray field inside commercial aircraft at operational flight altitudes. The quantum counting capability and granularity of Timepix provides the composition and spectral-characteristics of the X-ray and charged-particle field with high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, high spatial resolution and particle type resolving power. For energetic charged particles the direction of trajectory and linear energy transfer can be measured. The detector is operated by the integrated readout interface FITPix for power, control and data acquisition together with the software package Pixelman for online visualization and real-time data processing. The compact and portable radiation camera can be deployed remotely being controlled simply by a laptop computer. The device performs continuous monitoring and accurate time-dependent measurements in wide dynamic range of particle fluxes, deposited energy, absorbed dose and equivalent dose rates. Results are presented for in-flight measurements at altitudes up to 12 km in various flights selected in the period 2006–2013. 相似文献
122.
Among the configurations of superconducting magnet structures proposed for protecting manned spaceships or manned deep space bases from ionizing radiation, toroidal ones are the most appealing for the efficient use of the magnetic field, being most of the incoming particle directions perpendicular to the induction lines of the field. The parameters of the toroid configuration essentially depend from the shape and volume of the habitat to be protected and the level of protection to be guaranteed. Two options are considered: (1) the magnetic system forming with the habitat a unique complex (compact toroid) to be launched as one piece; (2) the magnetic system to be launched separately from the habitat and assembled around it in space (large toroid). 相似文献
123.
为提升SRAM型FPGA电路块存储器和配置存储器抗单粒子翻转性能,本文提出一种脉冲屏蔽SRAM单元结构。该结构通过在标准的六管单元中加入延迟结构,增大单元对单粒子事件响应时间,实现对粒子入射产生的脉冲电流屏蔽作用。以64k SRAM作为验证电路进行单粒子翻转性能对比,电路的抗单粒子翻转阈值由采用标准六管单元的抗单粒子翻转阈值大于25 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 提升至大于45 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 ,加固单元面积较标准六管单元增大约21.3%。30万门级抗辐照FPGA电路通过脉冲屏蔽单元结合抗辐照SOI工艺实现,其抗辐照指标分别为:抗单粒子翻转阈值大于37.3 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 ,抗单粒子锁定阈值大于99.8 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 ,抗电离总剂量能力大于200 krad(Si)。 相似文献
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125.
文摘由二硅化钼和玻璃料等组成制备了一种刚性隔热瓦表面使用的高辐射涂层,研究了高辐射涂层对刚性隔热瓦结构、力学性能、防水特性、辐射特性、辐射加热试验、风洞试验和深空碎片高速撞击试验的影响规律。结果表明:刚性隔热瓦表面高辐射涂层为致密梯度结构,表面平整,辐射系数大于0.85,防水效果好;高辐射涂层提高了材料的弯曲强度和肖氏硬度;厚度方向的拉伸强度因为涂层和基体的不匹配降低了近50%;石英灯辐射加热试验中,致密的高辐射涂层提高了表面黑度,吸收更多热量使表面温度升高,背面温度上升快。风洞试验中,高辐射涂层将气动加热辐射掉一部分,降低了表面温度从而使材料具有更低的背面温度;含高辐射涂层的刚性隔热瓦能经受典型空间碎片冲击,未产生致命性的破坏。 相似文献
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128.
Alankrita Isha Mrigakshi Daniel Matthiä Thomas Berger Günther Reitz Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The radiation environment in space is a major concern for human spaceflight because of the adverse effects of high levels of radiation on astronauts’ health. Therefore, it is essential to perform radiation risk assessments already during the concept studies of a manned mission. Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) have been identified to be one of the primary sources of radiation exposure in space. 相似文献
129.
Alankrita Isha Mrigakshi Daniel Matthiä Thomas Berger Günther Reitz Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The evidently low solar activity observed between solar cycles 23 and 24 during the years 2008–2010 led to a substantial increase in the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) intensity in comparison with preceding solar minima. As the GCRs consist of highly-ionizing charged particles having the potential to cause biological damage, they are a subject of concern for manned missions to space. With the enhanced particle fluxes observed between 2008 and 2010, it is reasonable to assume that the radiation exposure from GCR must have also increased to unusually high levels. In this paper, the GCR exposure outside and inside the Earth’s magnetosphere is numerically calculated for time periods starting from 1970 to the end of 2011 in order to investigate the increase in dose levels during the years 2008–2010 in comparison with the last three solar minima. The dose rates were calculated in a water sphere, used as a surrogate for the human body, either unshielded or surrounded by aluminium shielding of 0.3, 10 or 40 g/cm2. 相似文献
130.