结构型吸波材料研究

本文主要介绍了隐身结构吸波材料的研究情况。通过理论设计及CAD辅助计算得到了一种“陷阱”式的宽频带层板型结构吸波材料和一种宽频带蜂窝夹层型结构吸波材料。     

船载雷达综合测量精度估算方法及其应用初探

在推导极坐标系中船体变形修正公式的基础上,提出了船载雷达综合测量精度的估算方法,并对其在定位和定轨精度计算、标校及日常工作中的应用进行了探讨。     

Advanced high-order nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm for high-resolution wide-swath spaceborne SAR

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a well-established and powerful imaging technology that can provide high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface on a global scale. For future SAR systems, one of the key capabilities is to acquire images with both high-resolution and wide-swath. In parallel to the evolution of SAR sensors, more precise range models, and effective imaging algorithms are required. Due to the significant azimuth-variance of the echo signal in High-Resolution Wide-Swath (HRWS) SAR, two challenges have been faced in conventional imaging algorithms. The first challenge is constructing a precise range model of the whole scene and the second one is to develop an effective imaging algorithm since existing ones fail to process high-resolution and wide azimuth swath SAR data effectively. In this paper, an Advanced High-order Nonlinear Chirp Scaling (A-HNLCS) algorithm for HRWS SAR is proposed. First, a novel Second-Order Equivalent Squint Range Model (SOESRM) is developed to describe the range history of the whole scene, by introducing a quadratic curve to fit the deviation of the azimuth FM rate. Second, a corresponding algorithm is derived, where the azimuth-variance of the echo signal is solved by azimuth equalizing processing and accurate focusing is achieved through a high-order nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm. As a result, the whole scene can be accurately focused through one single imaging processing. Simulations are provided to validate the proposed range model and imaging algorithm.     

烧蚀型防隔热/隐身多功能复合材料制备与性能

以轻质化为前提，基于烧蚀防热借助于溶胶-凝胶技术制备出低密度防热/隔热/隐身一体化复合材料（HRC），有效地融合了烧蚀防热、高效隔热和宽频雷达隐身的功能。实验结果表明，多壁碳纳米管（MWNT）吸波剂均匀分散在杂化酚醛气凝胶骨架中，随着添加量的增加，HRC材料平均孔径减小，力学强度得到显著提升，添加5.0wt%MWNT的HRC与未添加相比压缩模量提高1.8倍。同时，MWNT的引入显著增加了HRC的雷达吸波性能，在4 ~ 18 GHz内反射率＜-8 dB。地面风洞考核中，HRC表现出优异的防隔热性能，最高表面温度达到1 700 ℃左右，经过400 s烧蚀后最大背面温升（20 mm）仅为153℃，近零体积烧蚀，烧蚀后仍保持着优异的宽频雷达吸波性能。     

基于改进模糊综合法的雷达抗干扰效能评估

现代战场上的电磁环境日趋复杂，雷达的抗干扰能力已经成为衡量整个雷达系统乃至电子对抗装备性能优劣的重要指标之一。针对模糊综合评估法在雷达抗干扰效能评估中对各指标隶属度不敏感的问题，受“木桶效应”启发，基于对效能评估指标体系中各指标隶属度值的奖励与惩罚机制，构造了局部状态变权函数对常权向量进行变权。在此基础上，提出了一种改进的模糊综合评估方法。最后，将该评估方法应用于雷达抗干扰效能的评估实例中，结果表明，使用该模型可以获得更加客观合理的评估结果。     

Track detection of high-velocity resident space objects in Low Earth Orbit

The world’s economy has become heavily dependent on the services provided by satellites. With the exponential increase in satellite launches, the population of defunct or inactive hardware in space has grown substantially. This is especially true in sensitive orbits such as the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) regimes. These objects, collectively known as orbital debris, can reach speeds of up to 28 000km h^?1 in LEO. At these orbital speeds, even the smallest of objects can pose a considerable threat to operational satellites or astronauts. This makes the monitoring, and detection, of these objects of the utmost importance. This work describes the latest detection strategy used in one of Europe’s largest Space Situational Awareness (SSA) installation; the BIstatic RAdar for LEo Survey (BIRALES) space debris radar. We present a novel bottom-up approach that makes use of single-linkage clustering to identify faint radar streaks in spectrogram data. Tests on synthetic data have shown that the detection strategy presented in this study obtains a higher detection rate when it is compared against existing methods. Unlike other approaches, this detection strategy, using the Multi-beam streak detection strategy (MSDS) algorithm, was still able to recall 90% of the track information at an Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of 2dB.     

双层梯度蜂窝吸波结构优化设计

设计了一种带蒙皮和金属底板的双层梯度蜂窝吸波结构，并利用Hashin-Shtrikman（HS）模型获得其等效电磁参数。在此基础上，以反射率低于-10dB带宽最大为优化目标，利用保收敛粒子群优化算法（Guarantee Convergence Particle Swarm Optimization，GCPSO）对四种不同排序方案的双层梯度蜂窝吸波结构进行优化设计。结果表明，入射电磁波的角度和极化方式以及吸波材料的选择、排序和厚度对双层梯度蜂窝结构的吸波性能有很大的影响；不同入射角度下TM极化时的吸波特性明显优于TE极化，在入射角为60^°时最为明显；对比四种方案优化结果显示，case 1方案由于选用损耗角较小的吸波材料充当透波层，分布于蒙皮下面，而选用损耗角较大的吸波材料作吸收层，并置于吸波结构底层，因而具有最大的优化目标函数，吸波效果最佳，且蜂窝高度仅为具有相同吸波效果的case 3方案的49.44%。因此，选择case 1方案作为本文最终优化结果。     

一种基于诱导脉冲的极化对消抗欺骗干扰方法

针对反舰导弹雷达受到敌方大功率有源欺骗信号干扰而不能有效探测目标的问题,提出了一种基于诱导脉冲的极化对消方法.首先采取Jones矢量对雷达及干扰信号的极化特性进行表征,接着建立一种基于诱导脉冲的雷达H、V双极化通道接收体制,时序上分为诱导和对消两个阶段;然后具体分析了极化对消器的算法原理;最后采取正负斜率线性调频对诱导...     

基于变步长LMS算法的线性调频引信噪声抑制

利用自适应滤波技术,研究了线性调频引信通带内噪声的抑制问题。根据线性调频信号与噪声可预测性的差异进行噪声抑制,分析了噪声抑制原理。仿真结果表明,在SNB=-5dB时仍然可以达到很好的噪声抑制效果;在算法收敛的条件下,信噪比越小,噪声抑制对信噪比的相对改善越大。     

雷达目标特性仿真VV&A方法研究

仿真系统的校核、验证和确认（VV&A）是建模仿真可信度评估工作的基础，直接决定了仿真结果的有效性，必须应用于建模仿真的全周期内。详细分析了目前国内外VV&A在目标特性建模仿真中的研究进展，分别介绍了VV&A在雷达目标特性仿真中的应用研究和VV&A对于提高雷达目标特性仿真可信度的思路及方法，对后续雷达目标特性仿真VV&A研究具有指导意义。