A geographical and operational deep graph convolutional approach for flight delay prediction

Flight delay prediction has attracted great interest in civil aviation community due to its significant role in airline planning, flight scheduling, airport operation, and passenger service. Flight delay is affected by numerous factors and irregularly propagates in air transportation networks owing to flight connectivity, which brings critical challenges to accurate flight delay prediction. In recent years, Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have become popular in flight delay prediction due to the advantage in extracting complicated relationships. However, most of the existing GCN-based methods have failed to effectively capture the spatial–temporal information in flight delay prediction. In this paper, a Geographical and Operational Graph Convolutional Network (GOGCN) is proposed for multi-airport flight delay prediction. The GOGCN is a GCN-based spatial–temporal model that improves node feature representation ability with geographical and operational spatial–temporal interactions in a graph. Specifically, an operational aggregator is designed to extract global operational information based on the graph structure, while a geographical aggregator is developed to capture the similar nature among spatially close airports. Extensive experiments on a real-world dataset demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with a satisfying accuracy improvement.     

液气式针栓喷注单元喷雾场结构试验研究

径向孔型针栓喷注器相对于径向缝型针栓喷注器具有更复杂的喷雾场。为了研究径向孔型针栓喷注器的喷雾场结构，将径向孔型针栓喷注器简化为单个气体射流与液膜碰撞的针栓喷注单元，采用了背景光成像系统结合激光相位多普勒技术（PDA），以水和空气为模拟介质，对液气式针栓喷注单元的喷雾场进行了试验研究。试验结果表明，液气式针栓喷注单元喷雾的三维结构呈现“喇叭”状。根据喷雾的形成过程及液滴的分布，液气式针栓喷注单元喷雾可以划分为4个区域：碰撞区、液滴区、液雾区及液丝区。液气式针栓喷注单元喷雾的分布范围可由内边界角、外边界角、中线角及散布角表示，均随局部动量比的增大而增大。液滴区的粒子主要由碰撞过程产生，SMD较大；液雾区的粒子经碰撞过程产生后，在气动力作用下进一步雾化，SMD小。由于液雾区的速度和粒径同时受到气动力作用的影响，粒径分布与速度分布在空间上呈现负相关趋势。     

标定脉宽对冲击传感器标定结果的影响

不同冲击脉宽在标定压电式冲击传感器过程产生不同的结果，主要原因是脉宽冲击频率处于传感器安 装频响的放大区，不同的脉宽作用于传感器后放大效应不同，导致标定结果差异。冲击传感器使用空气炮和霍普金 生杆进行单独标定，对标定结果进行了差异分析。对传感器安装频响曲线进行了定性分析，符合冲击脉宽差导致不 同标定结果的事实。对标定过程中标定脉宽控制提出了具体的措施，对于正确标定冲击传感器具有指导意义。     

脉冲爆震发动机中温度和组分浓度测量技术的发展

脉冲爆震发动机内部工作条件极其恶劣,测量爆震波温度和某组分浓度十分困难。本文回顾了近几年国内外在爆震温度场测量方面的技术发展,特别是应用激光诊断技术测量爆震波的温度和某些组分浓度。总结了国内外应用光学诊断技术测得的爆震波火焰温度,结果发现:对气体燃料/氧气而言,在化学恰当比下一般其爆震波温度大约为3900K,与CJ理论值非常接近;然而对液态燃料JP-10而言,当氧化剂为氧气时,爆震波温度为2500K;当氧化剂为空气时,爆震波温度仅仅约为1500K。