GaN基白光LED电流加速老化特性研究

本文对三组Al2O3衬底上生长GaN基蓝光激发黄色荧光粉的白光LED进行了对比电流加速老化实验,老化电流分别是30 mA5、0 mA和70 mA。随着老化电流的增大,GaN基白光LED的光输出功率随时间的衰减速率相对较快;随老化时间的加长,30 mA电流驱动下,GaN基白光LED相对光谱中黄光比重先增加再减小。其原因归结为荧光粉受热降解导致转换量子效率降低和荧光粉本身对短波长的光散射共同作用的结果。最后计算出用于实验的白光LED寿命为457 h。     

Integrated guidance and control for solar sail station-keeping with optical degradation

Current control approaches for solar sail station-keeping on libration point orbits have not considered the degradation of the sail’s optical properties. However, significant optical degradation could lead to poor station-keeping performance or even complete failure. This paper presents an integrated guidance and control strategy to address this problem by updating the reference orbit based on in situ estimation. An exponential optical degradation model is incorporated into the solar radiation acceleration model, and an on-line reference orbit update approach is incorporated into the station-keeping, coupled with an active disturbance rejection controller. The reflection coefficient is estimated on-line and the reference orbit is updated discretely when the optical properties have degraded by a prescribed amount. This strategy provides discrete updates to the reference orbits such that the perturbation due to the optical degradation is maintained within a small range. These smaller perturbations can be dealt with by the controller’s robustness and station-keeping can be sustained for long durations even in the presence of large optical degradation.     

A new modeling method of solar energetic proton events for ISO specification

Solar energetic protons degrade performance and reliability of spacecraft systems due to single-event effects, total dose effects and displacement damage in electronics components including solar cells. On designing a solar cell panel, a total fluence of solar energetic protons (SEPs) which cause solar cell damage is needed to estimate power loss of the solar cells over mission life. Nowadays a solar panel area of spacecraft is increasing as spacecraft mission life becomes longer (15–18 years). Thus an accurate SEP model is strongly required for the cost-minimum design from the aerospace industry. The SEP model, JPL-91 proposed by Feynman et al., is currently used widely for solar cell designing. However, it is known that the JPL-91 model predicts higher fluences of protons than values actually experienced in space, especially after 7 years on orbit. In addition, the model is based on several assumptions, and also needs Monte-Carlo simulations for calculating fluences. In this study, we propose a new method for modeling SEPs especially focused on solar cell degradation. The newly-proposed method is empirical, which constructs a model based directly upon proton flux measurement data taken by instruments onboard spacecraft. This method has neither assumptions nor dependence on SEP event selection, both of which are needed in JPL-91. The model fluences derived from this method show lower fluences in longer missions compared to JPL-91. This method has been proposed to ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and has been discussed for a new standard SEP model.     

质子辐照对防静电热控涂层导电性能影响

文章研究了质子辐照环境对两种防静电热控涂层（ITO/F46/Ag、ITO/OSR/Ag）导电性能的影响,质子总注量选取1×1015 p/cm2,并在不同质子注量下对试样表面电阻率进行了原位测量。试验发现,质子辐照下两种防静电热控涂层的表面电阻率均呈指数衰减趋势,且回至大气中出现明显的“恢复效应”。对涂层导电性能退化的微观机制进行了分析,并建立了相应导电性能演化规律的简化数学模型,可为新型涂层的研制提供理论依据。     

Erosion degradation characteristics of a linear electro-hydrostatic actuator under a high-frequency turbulent flow field

The paper proposes a performance degradation analysis model based on dynamic erosion wear for a novel Linear Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (LEHA). Rather than the traditional statistical methods based on degradation data, the method proposed in this paper firstly analyzes the dominant progressive failure mode of the LEHA based on the working principle and working conditions of the LEHA. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, combining the turbulent theory and the micro erosion principle, is used to establish an erosion model of the rectification mechanism. The erosion rates for different port openings, under a time-varying flow field, are obtained. The piecewise linearization method is applied to update the concentration of contaminated particles within the LEHA, in order to gain insight into the erosion degradation process at various stages of degradation. The main contribution of the proposed model is the application of the dynamic concentration of contamination particles in erosion analysis of Electro-Hydraulic Servo Valves (EHSVs), throttle valves, spool valves, and needle valves. The effects of system parameters and working conditions on component wear are analyzed by simulations. The results of the proposed model match the expected degradation process.     

三维控制图在锂离子电池性能监测中的应用

为了在锂离子电池加速退化试验中监测锂离子电池的性能状态,为分选提供依据,引用了质量管理中的控制图方法.在锂离子电池失效机理的分析中,获得了可以表明电池当前性能状态的两个关键参数:开路电压和放电容量,并讨论了它们的关系;采用放电容量和开路电压形式的二维平面点作为三维控制图的主体,通过相关试验数据使用SPSS数理统计软件确定控制上下限;最后使用MATLAB完成三维控制图,并叙述了几种控制图的分析方法.该结论适用于电池产品的验收和分选,也可为评估电池的寿命及可靠性提供依据.     

基于退化失效数据的环境因子问题研究

针对具有退化失效特性的高可靠性长寿命产品,在有限试验时间内难以获得大量失效数据进行环境因子研究的问题,通过对产品性能退化特性的监测和分析,研究退化失效环境因子的建模和估计方法.给出了退化失效环境因子的一般定义和数学描述;提出了复合Poisson过程退化轨道模型的退化失效环境因子模型,并给出了环境因子点估计的矩方法和区间估计的二项分布法;通过仿真实例,对方法在工程应用上的有效性进行了说明.      

基于加速磨损试验的止推轴承磨损寿命预测

为进行耐磨性良好的止推轴承寿命验证,结合退化模型进行了基于加速磨损试验的止推轴承寿命预测研究,建立了止推轴承加速磨损寿命方程.在失效机理分析基础上,以加载力为加速应力开展了7 200 h的止推轴承加速磨损试验,得到反映耐磨性能下降的体积磨损量变化数据,预测得到置信度90%时,止推轴承在使用条件下运行10 a的可靠度为0.94.该项研究表明,对磨损进程极为缓慢的高可靠性、长寿命止推轴承,利用加速磨损试验数据预测其寿命,能节约试验时间和费用.      

含磷聚酰亚胺薄膜在原子氧环境中的降解研究

文章考察了自行合成的含磷聚酰亚胺（PI）薄膜在模拟原子氧环境中的降解行为。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等测试结果表明:在原子氧辐照过程中,含磷PI薄膜表面的磷元素与氧元素含量增加,原子结合能也增大,意味着在PI表面形成了含磷钝化层。该钝化层进一步阻止了PI次表面层被侵蚀,使含磷PI薄膜表现出了抗原子氧侵蚀能力,其在模拟原子氧环境中的质量损失率远低于Kapton薄膜。     

基于退化量分布时序分析的产品寿命预测

针对现有性能退化预测方法采用单调回归函数对产品退化随机过程描述不够合理的问题,从产品在各时刻退化量分布角度出发,分析退化量分布参数估计的非平稳时序类型,并对各参数估计分别采用相应类型的非平稳时序分析方法建模,进而给出一种与实际退化随机过程更为相符的基于退化量分布的产品寿命及可靠度预测方法.通过对某电子产品的退化试验,采用所提出的寿命预测方法进行了该电子产品寿命及可靠度预测.结果表明该方法相比传统方法更符合实际.