Chebyshev超谱粘性法在推进剂供应管路非定常流动分析中的应用

基于一维管道瞬变流理论和数值谱方法,给出了求解推进剂供应系统管路内液体非定常流动控制方程的Chebyshev超谱粘性法。与常规谱方法相比,该方法有效地克服了由于解的间断或大梯度变化而发生的非物理振荡现象,而且在一定程度上加快了收敛速度,提高了计算效率。以一段两端分别连接贮箱和阀门的等截面圆直管为例,利用该方法对阀门关闭后管道内水击现象进行了计算,给出了相应的水击压力仿真结果,并分别与采用特征线方法和传统谱方法求得的结果进行了对比分析,验证了方法的正确性和优越性。     

IR radiation characteristics of rocket exhaust plumes under varying motor operating conditions

The infrared(IR) irradiance signature from rocket motor exhaust plumes is closely related to motor type,propellant composition,burn time,rocket geometry,chamber parameters and flight conditions.In this paper,an infrared signature analysis tool(IRSAT) was developed to understand the spectral characteristics of exhaust plumes in detail.Through a finite volume technique,flow field properties were obtained through the solution of axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations with the Reynolds-averaged approach.A refined 13-species,30-reaction chemistry scheme was used for combustion effects and a k-e-Rtturbulence model for entrainment effects.Using flowfield properties as input data,the spectrum was integrated with a line of sight(LOS) method based on a single line group(SLG) model with Curtis-Godson approximation.The model correctly predicted spectral distribution in the wavelengths of 1.50–5.50 lm and had good agreement for its location with imaging spectrometer data.The IRSAT was then applied to discuss the effects of three operating conditions on IR signatures:(a) afterburning;(b) chamber pressure from ignition to cutoff;and(c) minor changes in the ratio of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) binder to ammonium perchlorate(AP) oxidizer in propellant.Results show that afterburning effects can increase the size and shape of radiance images with enhancement of radiation intensity up to 40%.Also,the total IR irradiance in different bands can be characterized by a non-dimensional chamber pressure trace in which the maximum discrepancy is less than 13% during ignition and engine cutoff.An increase of chamber pressure can lead to more distinct diamonds,whose distance intervals are extended,and the position of the first diamond moving backwards.In addition,an increase in HTPB/AP causes a significant jump in spectral intensity.The incremental rates of radiance intensity integrated in each band are linear with the increase of HTPB,and the growth rates of radiance intensities in some bands reach up to 50% as HTPB weight increases by 3%.     

基于实测数据的大气密度反演方法及应用研究

针对中长期的平均大气密度反演问题,以我国典型遥感卫星运行轨道数据作为基础,采用实测数据反演大气密度并对MSIS00模型进行局部修正,并将修正后的模型应用于遥感卫星推进剂的预算,仿真结果表明：得到的修正大气模型具有较高的准确度,且采用修正后的大气模型得到的轨道维持推进剂消耗比修正前减少了近35%,达到了在保障卫星安全运行基础上最大限度降低整星质量的目的。研究结果还可用于我国未来航天器的高精度轨道预报、推进剂预算、碰撞规避等任务。     

嵌银丝低易损推进剂增速比和综合燃速试验研究

针对嵌银丝端羟基聚醚（HTPE）低易损推进剂的复杂燃烧过程，采用水下声发射法对增速比和综合燃速随基础燃速、压强、银丝直径及温度的变化规律开展试验研究。结果显示，低压下推进剂的综合燃速随基础燃速的增大整体呈上升趋势，而增速比呈下降趋势；综合燃速随压强的增大呈上升趋势，增速比高压段低于低压段，平均值相差24%；推进剂增速比随银丝直径增大先增大后减小，存在一个最佳银丝直径为0.25mm，使得增速比最大；综合燃速和增速比随推进剂的温度增加呈上升趋势。     

推进剂管理装置的可靠性增长及试验验证

采用原始的焊接方式焊接筛网式推进剂管理装置的收集器合格率低、可靠性差。为此,采用纯钛箔作为过渡层进行了不锈钢筛网与钛合金支压板的电阻缝焊试验以及随后这两者与钛合金骨架的电子束焊试验,然后进行了地面力学环境下的振动试验,以验证焊接方式改进后收集器的可靠性。焊接试验结果表明,纯钛箔过渡层一方面可以大幅降低筛网在电阻缝焊时的焊接热量,有效地减小筛网的热变形;另一方面可以在电阻缝焊后形成牢固、封闭的纯钛/不锈钢筛网焊缝过渡区,有效地增加电子束焊时筛网的变形抗力,从而使得焊接后试样的合格率和性能大幅提高。振动试验结果表明,焊接方式改进后收集器的可靠度置信下限从0.90增加到了0.96。