全站仪船体分段测量的温度影响研究

根据在相同的环境温度下和不同环境温度下对船体轴系部位同一材料、相同结构的多个目标点进行反复测量,观察全站仪测量数据的变化,分析环境温度变化引起的误差情况,为船舶精度建造工艺研究提供可靠的数据支撑。     

Long-wavelength lunar gravity field recovery from simulated orbit and inter-satellite tracking data

As has been demonstrated recently, inter-satellite Ka-band tracking data collected by the GRAIL (Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory) spacecraft have the potential to improve the resolution and accuracy of the lunar gravity field by several orders of magnitude compared to previous models. By means of a series of simulation studies, here we investigate the contribution of inter-satellite ranging for the recovery of the Moon’s gravitational features; the evaluation of results is made against findings from ground-based Doppler tracking. For this purpose we make use of classical dynamic orbit determination, supported by the analysis of satellite-to-satellite tracking observations. This study sheds particularly light on the influence of the angular distance between the two satellites, solar radiation modeling and the co-estimation of the lunar Love number k₂. The quality of the obtained results is assessed by gravity field power spectra, gravity anomalies and precision orbit determination. We expect our simulation results to be supportive for the processing of real GRAIL data.     

航天用钛合金及其精密成形技术研究进展

对航天领域用钛合金材料及其精密成形技术(精密铸造、精密锻造、超塑成形、旋压成形、粉末冶金成形)的国内外研究进展和应用现状进行了较系统的概述。最后基于我国航天工业发展的实际需求,对钛合金材料及其精密成形技术的未来发展趋势进行了展望与总结。     

Carbon nanotube protected composite laminate subjected to lightning strike: Interlaminar film distribution investigation

A kind of interlaminar film with carbon nanotubes inserted into polyether ketone with cardo was used for lightning strike protection of composite laminates. The distribution of the interlaminar film was investigated by experimental and numerical methods. Artificial lightning strike tests were conducted for 12-film carbon nanotube and traditional surface silver coating protected specimens. Then corresponding finite element models (FEMs) were established to analyze the lightning strike effect and validated by the experimental results. Based on the FEMs, the number, distribution and thickness of interlaminar film were investigated in order to obtain equivalent protection effect with the traditional surface silver coating. The results show that only the first two layers were damaged for the surface silver coating protected specimen, while 5 layers were ablated for the 12-film protected specimen. Lightning strike damage area of the laminate protected with 5-film carbon nanotube is almost the same as that of the laminate protected with 12-film carbon nanotube. Compared with traditional surface silver coating protection, one film protection with thickness of 360 μm can make the laminate to obtain equivalent damage depth, 54.8% smaller damage area and 58% less additional weight. And reparability of the laminate is better than that of the laminate protected with 5 interlaminar films.     

一种基于实测飞行轨迹的惯导误差分析方法研究

针对传统蒙特卡罗仿真方法用于惯导误差分析时计算量大且参数调整不便的问题,提出了采用Kalman滤波的状态均方误差预测公式结合惯导误差传播方程进行误差协方差分析的新方法。该方法将惯导总误差分解为各种不同误差因素的线性组合,且各误差因素之间是相互独立的,误差计算和参数调整都非常简单方便。以一组实测飞行轨迹数据为例,利用所提协方差分析方法进行误差分解,并将结果以多种形式直观展示,显示了新方法在误差分配和精度评估中的优越性。     

影响惯性仪表精度长期稳定的材料学问题与对策

陀螺仪和加速度计等惯性仪表的精度对零组件的尺寸变化有着极其敏感的反应。随着对惯性仪表精度及其稳定性研究的深入,发现材料的尺寸不稳定是导致精度稳定性差的主要原因之一。以多种惯性仪表构件的常用材料为例,从材料学角度系统综述了微观缺陷、第二相、晶粒和织构、内应力以及环境因素对材料尺寸稳定性的影响规律,并提出了如何从材料内禀特性出发改善惯性仪表精度长期稳定性,展望了惯性仪表材料与工艺的未来发展方向。     

飞机结构的耐久性与损伤容限设计

飞机结构设计思想随着航空技术的发展而不断进步,经历了从静强度、动强度、疲劳强度到断裂强度的变化过程,耐久性/损伤容限设计是当前飞机结构设计规范的核心方法.本文归纳了飞机结构设计思想的发展历程,重点讨论了耐久性/损伤容限设计的基本思想、基本理论和基本方法,有助于深入理解该设计思想的本质.     

先进智能发动机研究与发展

智能发动机是1种先进的新概念航空发动机,是美国IHPTET计划及其后继计划——VAATE计划最核心的内容。对智能发动机,简述了其概念和特点,重点综述了其关键技术和其智能状态监视与故障诊断技术。     

碳纤维复合材料雷击损伤的瞬态红外热成像检测

通过雷电模拟,对复合材料层合板试样进行雷击损伤试验。基于热扩散原理,针对不同的雷击试验件,采用波形为长脉冲形式的瞬态热激励方式对雷击损伤进行红外热成像检测,并对不同时刻的检测结果进行分析、比较,对缺陷轮廓进行界定,对结果进行定量测量。检测结果表明,无论是否对碳纤维复合材料表面进行防护,瞬态红外热成像方法均能够有效检测出雷击后的内部分层损伤,可对损伤的严重程度进行有效区分,能够对缺陷尺寸、面积进行准确测量。     

复合打击下具有多次拦截时机的火力分配问题

针对传统火力分配模型容易造成资源浪费的问题,将火力单元以组为单位,以最大化杀伤概率为目标,构建一种具有多次拦截时机的动态火力分配模型;考虑到组内火力单元复合打击的情况,使用Kuhn-Munkres算法,优先将目标分配给复合打击效果大的目标;在此基础之上,设计了一种基于遗传算法（GA）的Anytime算法,引入了元级控制,提出一种任意时刻算法停机时刻的判定方法;仿真实验验证了模型优越性以及算法的合理性,对火力分配任意时刻算法使用元级控制可以有效提高解的效用。