地源热泵技术在建筑节能中的应用

本文探讨如何通过地源热泵技术实现建筑节能。研究通过地源热泵来实现一机多用,使其既能用于冬季供暖,又可以用于夏季制冷。同时也讨论了如何与太阳能相配合,来实现地热平衡。文中还给出了通过插值法和曲线拟合法对测量数据进行处理获得变温带和增温带的温度-深度曲线的方法。     

导弹动力系统最佳预防维修周期的数字仿真

导弹武器系统中有很多是多次使用的可修复杂系统。对于这种复杂系统，尤其是其寿命周期，预防维修时间及事后维修时间为离散分布时，其最佳预防维修周期难以用一般方法求得。针对这种情况，本文利用蒙特卡罗随机模拟法建立了系统计算模型，并通过模拟计算，得出了最佳预防维修周期的数字仿真结果。此结果可为制定导弹武器最佳修复策略提供依据。     

基于盲源分离的雷达信号欺骗干扰抑制

针对脉冲压缩信号的频谱弥散(SMSP)干扰,通过分析其时频特性,提出了一种基于盲分离的抑制算法。首先,推导了基于独立分量分析的代价函数,由于代价函数中信号概率密度函数不能精确估计,利用信号高阶互累积量的性质,重新构造了一种新的代价函数;其次,利用基于自然梯度的方法对新代价函数进行优化,从而得到基于峭度的盲分离算法;最后,通过仿真证明,对比Fast ICA算法,文中算法具有更快的收敛速度和更好的分离性能,在保证分离精度的前提下,可成功将目标回波信号分离,达到SMSP干扰抑制的目的。     

用大面积源检定核应急机载/车载伽玛能谱仪

人工核素大面积源标准是核工业航测遥感中心等单位经过十余年研究建立的新型计量保障标准,使用该标准,可对监测核应急伽玛辐射环境的机载/车载伽玛能谱仪进行检定.使用大面积源标准检定,可以有效地弥补因机载/车载伽玛能谱仪系统的角响应影响因素复杂而难于模拟计算的缺陷,为监测核应急伽玛辐射环境的机载/车载伽玛能谱仪提供了量值传递的保障.本文介绍了大面积源检定的原理和技术方法.     

一种源包和虚拟信道相结合的AOS调度算法

针对目前高级在轨系统(AOS)应用中遥测调度算法大多没有同时支持源包和虚拟信道2级调度的问题,提出一种基于AOS遥测源包调度和虚拟信道调度相结合的算法,实现同时对源包调度和虚拟信道调度层面的支持。针对源包调度,提出一种基于源包刷新率的动态优先级调度算法,以保证实时数据及时下传。针对虚拟信道调度,提出一种采用最重要(VIP)/同步/异步相结合的3级调度,保证信道的合理分配利用。分别采用源包调度策略、虚拟信道调度策略和文章提出的算法策略,对某航天器下行数据的平均时延进行仿真。仿真结果表明:文章提出算法策略的平均时延,低于源包调度策略和虚拟信道调度策略,比单独采用源包调度或者虚拟信道调度的算法具有更高的复用效率和公平性。     

A closed-form solution for moving source localization using LBI changing rate of phase difference only

Due to the deficiencies in the conventional multiple-receiver localization systems based on direction of arrival(DOA) such as system complexity of interferometer or array and amplitude/phase unbalance between multiple receiving channels and constraint on antenna configuration,a new radiated source localization method using the changing rate of phase difference(CRPD)measured by a long baseline interferometer(LBI) only is studied. To solve the strictly nonlinear problem, a two-stage closed-form solution is proposed. In the first stage, the DOA and its changing rate are estimated from the CRPD of each observer by the pseudolinear least square(PLS) method,and then in the second stage, the source position and velocity are found by another PLS minimization. The bias of the algorithm caused by the correlation between the measurement matrix and the noise in the second stage is analyzed. To reduce this bias, an instrumental variable(IV) method is derived. A weighted IV estimator is given in order to reduce the estimation variance. The proposed method does not need any initial guess and the computation is small. The Cramer–Rao lower bound(CRLB) and mean square error(MSE) are also analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed method can be close to the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise.     

SINS/GNSS组合导航测试系统用惯导模拟源技术研究

针对光纤陀螺SINS(捷联惯性导航系统)与GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)组合导航产品高动态性能测试难的问题,本文研究了一种组合导航测试系统,并对捷联惯导模拟源进行了重点研究.首先以捷联惯导解算算法为基础逆推出了捷联惯导模拟源算法,然后对捷联惯导模拟源进行了功能实现,可以与导航卫星信号模拟源同步向组合导航计算机发送数据用于组合导航解算.最后对捷联惯导模拟源的功能与性能进行了验证.结果表明,捷联惯导模拟源功能正常,模拟数据的精度达到设计要求.利用此惯导模拟源与导航卫星信号模拟源配套使用,将可满足后续SINS/GNSS组合导航系统的相关性能测试或验证要求.     

Noise analysis of continuous GPS coordinate time series for CMONOC

The Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is one of the major scientific infrastructures, mainly using Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements, to monitor crustal deformation in the Chinese mainland. In this paper, decade-long coordinate time series of 26 continuous GPS sites of CMONOC are analyzed for their noise content using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). We study the noise properties of continuous GPS time series of CMONOC for the unfiltered, filtered solutions and also the common mode signals in terms of power law plus white noise model. In the spatial filtering, we remove for every time series a common mode error that was estimated from a modified stacking of position residuals from other sites within ∼1000 km of the selected site. We find that the common mode signal in our network has a combination of spatially correlated flicker noise and a common white noise with large spatial extent. We demonstrate that for the unfiltered solutions of CMONOC continuous GPS sites the main colored noise is a flicker process, with a mean spectral index of ∼1. For the filtered solutions, the main colored noise is a general power law process, indicating that a major number of the filtered regional solutions have a combination of noise sources or local effects. The velocity uncertainties from CMONOC continuous GPS coordinate time series may be underestimated by factors of 8–16 if a pure white noise model is assumed. In addition, using a white plus flicker noise model, the median values of velocity errors for the unfiltered solutions are 0.16 (north), 0.17 (east) and 0.58 (vertical) mm/yr, and the median values for the filtered solutions are 0.09 (north), 0.10 (east) and 0.40 (vertical) mm/yr.     

空间核动力技术概览与发展脉络初探

在概略介绍现有技术方案基础上,初步探讨空间核动力技术的发展脉络,并分析其未来发展方向.基于固体核反应堆的空间核电源、核电推进及核热推进,是经过试验验证可行、具有一定技术基础并可预期实现空间应用的空间核动力技术.更先进的概念方案包括:基于气体核反应堆的核电源/核热推进、脉冲核爆推进、核裂变碎片推进等,它们的性能逐代跨越直至逼近理论极限.要充分利用核能的潜力,一方面需要提高单位质量核燃料的核能释放率,另一方面也需要减少核反应产物动能转换为无轨热运动的比率.核能潜力的充分利用需要以增加系统质量为代价.为满足未来宽广的空间任务需求,多物理机制驱动的大深度变工况一体化核能空间动力系统是未来必然发展趋势.     

研究激波振荡用亚微秒火花聚焦阴影系统

在高超声速风洞试验中,用普通纹影仪配上单次亚微秒火花光源,组成亚微秒火花聚焦阴影系统,同时采用延时同步器控制闪光时间,在同一次吹风试验中,用普通相机拍摄出振荡频率达3000Hz 的激波运动周期过程。文中提供的一组照片清晰地显示出激波、分离区及激波与边界层的干扰,可以看出激波传播状况,这对分析研究是很有用处的。